📘 Chapter 1 – The Ever-Evolving World of Science

Part 1: MCQs (Q1–Q25)

Sub-Topics: Introduction to Science, Science in Everyday Life

Q1. What is the main aim of science?

A) To make money
B) To understand natural phenomena
C) To create confusion
D) To replace religion

✅ Correct Answer: B) To understand natural phenomena

Explanation:

• A) To make money – Incorrect, science is not meant for profit-making, though applications may lead to industries.
• B) To understand natural phenomena – Correct, science aims to explain how nature and the world around us work.
• C) To create confusion – Incorrect, science clears doubts and provides clarity.
• D) To replace religion – Incorrect, science and religion are different fields.

Q2. Which of the following is an example of science in everyday life?

A) Cooking food
B) Playing cricket
C) Sleeping
D) Daydreaming

✅ Correct Answer: A) Cooking food

Explanation:

• A) Cooking food – Correct, involves chemical and physical changes like boiling, frying, fermentation.
• B) Playing cricket – Partially related (physics of motion), but not the best example of daily science.
• C) Sleeping – A biological process, but not a conscious application of science.
• D) Daydreaming – Not related to science.

Q3. Which branch of science deals with the study of living things?

A) Physics
B) Chemistry
C) Biology
D) Astronomy

✅ Correct Answer: C) Biology

Explanation:

• A) Physics – Deals with matter, energy, and forces.
• B) Chemistry – Study of substances and their reactions.
• C) Biology – Correct, it is the study of living organisms.
• D) Astronomy – Study of celestial bodies.

Q4. Who is known as the ‘Father of Modern Science’?

A) Isaac Newton
B) Galileo Galilei
C) Albert Einstein
D) Aryabhata

✅ Correct Answer: B) Galileo Galilei

Explanation:

• A) Isaac Newton – Known as the father of physics, not modern science overall.
• B) Galileo Galilei – Correct, introduced scientific experimentation and observations.
• C) Albert Einstein – Known for the theory of relativity.
• D) Aryabhata – Ancient Indian mathematician-astronomer.

Q5. Which of the following is an application of physics in daily life?

A) Baking a cake
B) Boiling water
C) Using a lever to lift objects
D) Making curd

✅ Correct Answer: C) Using a lever to lift objects

Explanation:

• A) Baking a cake – More chemistry-based (chemical reactions).
• B) Boiling water – Also related to chemistry/heat, not specifically mechanics.
• C) Using a lever to lift objects – Correct, based on principles of physics (simple machines).
• D) Making curd – Microbiology/chemistry process.

Q6. The word ‘Science’ is derived from which language?

A) Greek
B) Latin
C) Sanskrit
D) French

✅ Correct Answer: B) Latin

Explanation:

• A) Greek – Many scientific terms are Greek-based, but not the origin of ‘science’.
• B) Latin – Correct, “scientia” means “knowledge” in Latin.
• C) Sanskrit – Ancient Indian contributions exist but not the root of the word.
• D) French – Incorrect.

Q7. Which of the following shows chemistry in everyday life?

A) Brushing teeth with toothpaste
B) Kicking a football
C) Riding a bicycle
D) Reading a book

✅ Correct Answer: A) Brushing teeth with toothpaste

Explanation:

• A) Brushing teeth with toothpaste – Correct, toothpaste contains chemicals like fluoride.
• B) Kicking a football – Related to physics (motion).
• C) Riding a bicycle – Based on mechanics.
• D) Reading a book – Not chemistry-related.

Q8. Which is NOT a part of science?

A) Observation
B) Experimentation
C) Guesswork without proof
D) Drawing conclusions

✅ Correct Answer: C) Guesswork without proof

Explanation:

• A) Observation – Correct step in science.
• B) Experimentation – Essential for testing.
• C) Guesswork without proof – Correct, not considered science.
• D) Drawing conclusions – Important in scientific method.

Q9. Which invention uses electromagnetism?

A) Refrigerator
B) Radio
C) Fan
D) All of the above

✅ Correct Answer: D) All of the above

Explanation:

• A) Refrigerator – Uses electromagnetic motor.
• B) Radio – Works on electromagnetic waves.
• C) Fan – Uses electric motor.
• D) All of the above – Correct, all involve electromagnetism.

Q10. Which branch of science studies matter and its changes?

A) Biology
B) Physics
C) Chemistry
D) Zoology

✅ Correct Answer: C) Chemistry

Explanation:

• A) Biology – Living organisms.
• B) Physics – Energy and motion.
• C) Chemistry – Correct, deals with matter and reactions.
• D) Zoology – Sub-branch of biology (animals).

Q11. Why do we use detergents instead of plain water for washing clothes?

A) Detergents smell better
B) Detergents dissolve oil and grease
C) Detergents are colourful
D) Detergents are cheaper

✅ Correct Answer: B) Detergents dissolve oil and grease

Explanation:

• A) Smell better – Not the main reason.
• B) Dissolve oil and grease – Correct, detergents remove dirt effectively.
• C) Colourful – Unrelated.
• D) Cheaper – Not always true.

Q12. Which Indian scientist is famous for work on radio waves?

A) C.V. Raman
B) Homi J. Bhabha
C) Jagadish Chandra Bose
D) S. Chandrasekhar

✅ Correct Answer: C) Jagadish Chandra Bose

Explanation:

• A) C.V. Raman – Discovered Raman Effect (light scattering).
• B) Homi J. Bhabha – Work in nuclear physics.
• C) Jagadish Chandra Bose – Correct, pioneer in radio and microwave optics.
• D) S. Chandrasekhar – Astrophysicist (Chandrasekhar limit).

Q13. Which of the following is a renewable energy source?

A) Coal
B) Petroleum
C) Solar energy
D) Natural gas

✅ Correct Answer: C) Solar energy

Explanation:

• A) Coal – Non-renewable fossil fuel.
• B) Petroleum – Non-renewable.
• C) Solar energy – Correct, renewable and unlimited.
• D) Natural gas – Also non-renewable.

Q14. Which instrument is used to see very small organisms?

A) Telescope
B) Microscope
C) Periscope
D) Binoculars

✅ Correct Answer: B) Microscope

Explanation:

• A) Telescope – Used for distant celestial bodies.
• B) Microscope – Correct, for very small objects/organisms.
• C) Periscope – For viewing above obstacles.
• D) Binoculars – For distant terrestrial viewing.

Q15. Which of these is NOT an advantage of science?

A) Improved medical care
B) Faster communication
C) Pollution
D) Comfortable life

✅ Correct Answer: C) Pollution

Explanation:

• A) Medical care – Positive benefit.
• B) Communication – Benefit of science.
• C) Pollution – Correct, it is a harmful side effect, not an advantage.
• D) Comfortable life – Science provides comfort.

Q16. Which of the following is used for communication using satellites?

A) Television broadcasting
B) Mobile phones
C) Internet services
D) All of the above

✅ Correct Answer: D) All of the above

Explanation:

• A) TV – Satellite channels.
• B) Mobile – Signal transmission.
• C) Internet – Global networks.
• D) All – Correct, all use satellites.

Q17. Which is a limitation of science?

A) Provides technology
B) Cannot answer moral questions
C) Helps in transport
D) Develops medicines

✅ Correct Answer: B) Cannot answer moral questions

Explanation:

• A) Provides technology – Not a limitation.
• B) Moral questions – Correct, science does not deal with values.
• C) Transport – Contribution of science.
• D) Medicines – Benefit of science.

Q18. Which is an example of physics in sports?

A) Spinning of cricket ball
B) Digestion of food
C) Rusting of iron
D) Photosynthesis

✅ Correct Answer: A) Spinning of cricket ball

Explanation:

• A) Spinning cricket ball – Correct, physics of motion and aerodynamics.
• B) Digestion – Biological process.
• C) Rusting – Chemical reaction.
• D) Photosynthesis – Biological process.

Q19. Which branch of science deals with stars and planets?

A) Biology
B) Astronomy
C) Zoology
D) Geology

✅ Correct Answer: B) Astronomy

Explanation:

• A) Biology – Living organisms.
• B) Astronomy – Correct, study of celestial objects.
• C) Zoology – Study of animals.
• D) Geology – Study of Earth’s rocks and structure.

Q20. Which of these shows biotechnology in daily life?

A) Fermentation of bread
B) Switching on a fan
C) Mixing salt in water
D) Drinking tea

✅ Correct Answer: A) Fermentation of bread

Explanation:

• A) Bread fermentation – Correct, yeast (microorganism) is used.
• B) Fan – Physics, electricity.
• C) Salt water – Physical process.
• D) Tea – Not biotechnology.

Q21. Which of these is the first step of scientific method?

A) Observation
B) Experiment
C) Hypothesis
D) Conclusion

✅ Correct Answer: A) Observation

Explanation:

• A) Observation – Correct, starts with noticing a phenomenon.
• B) Experiment – Comes later.
• C) Hypothesis – Proposed after observations.
• D) Conclusion – Last step.

Q22. Which one is NOT a use of science?

A) Improved agriculture
B) Discovery of electricity
C) Industrial development
D) Superstitious beliefs

✅ Correct Answer: D) Superstitious beliefs

Explanation:

• A) Agriculture – Benefit of science.
• B) Electricity – Scientific discovery.
• C) Industries – Developed due to science.
• D) Superstitions – Opposite of science.

Q23. Which everyday appliance works on the principle of heating effect of current?

A) Electric bulb
B) Electric heater
C) Electric iron
D) All of the above

✅ Correct Answer: D) All of the above

Explanation:

• A) Bulb – Produces heat/light.
• B) Heater – Converts electricity to heat.
• C) Iron – Uses heat for pressing clothes.
• D) All – Correct, all are based on heating effect.

Q24. Which scientist discovered gravity?

A) Galileo
B) Newton
C) Einstein
D) Edison

✅ Correct Answer: B) Newton

Explanation:

• A) Galileo – Worked on motion.
• B) Newton – Correct, discovered law of gravitation.
• C) Einstein – Theory of relativity.
• D) Edison – Inventor, not gravity discoverer.

Q25. Which of the following is a scientific approach to solving problems?

A) Believing myths
B) Trial and error without observation
C) Observation, experiment, and conclusion
D) Blindly following traditions

✅ Correct Answer: C) Observation, experiment, and conclusion

Explanation:

• A) Myths – Unscientific.
• B) Trial and error – Not reliable without reasoning.
• C) Scientific method – Correct, systematic process.
• D) Traditions – Not science.

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