Multiple Choice Questions on “Climate Change and Its Impact on Global and Indian Ecosystems”
1. What is the primary greenhouse gas responsible for global warming?
a) Nitrogen
b) Oxygen
c) Carbon Dioxide
d) Methane
Answer: c) Carbon Dioxide
2. Which international agreement aims to limit global warming to below 2°C?
a) Kyoto Protocol
b) Paris Agreement
c) Montreal Protocol
d) Doha Amendment
Answer: b) Paris Agreement
3. Which phenomenon is responsible for coral bleaching?
a) Ocean acidification
b) Rising sea levels
c) Warmer ocean temperatures
d) Overfishing
Answer: c) Warmer ocean temperatures
4. Which of the following Indian regions is most vulnerable to sea level rise?
a) Western Ghats
b) Eastern Himalayas
c) Sundarbans
d) Satpura Range
Answer: c) Sundarbans
5. The term “climate resilience” refers to:
a) Adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate impacts
b) Resistance to natural disasters
c) Predicting weather patterns
d) Reducing population growth
Answer: a) Adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate impacts
6. What is the main cause of ocean acidification?
a) Melting glaciers
b) Excess CO₂ absorption by oceans
c) Increase in solar radiation
d) Volcanic eruptions
Answer: b) Excess CO₂ absorption by oceans
7. Which Indian mission addresses climate change under the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)?
a) National Solar Mission
b) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
c) Make in India
d) Skill India
Answer: a) National Solar Mission
8. The Arctic region is warming faster than the global average due to:
a) Ice-albedo feedback
b) Increased volcanic activity
c) Lower ozone concentration
d) Deforestation
Answer: a) Ice-albedo feedback
9. Which of the following is an example of climate mitigation?
a) Planting trees
b) Building seawalls
c) Adopting drought-resistant crops
d) Relocating flood-affected communities
Answer: a) Planting trees
10. The UN agency leading efforts on climate change is:
a) UNEP
b) UNESCO
c) WHO
d) WMO
Answer: a) UNEP
11. Which of the following is a consequence of rising global temperatures?
a) Decrease in tropical cyclones
b) Longer growing seasons
c) Higher frequency of droughts
d) Increased biodiversity
Answer: c) Higher frequency of droughts
12. The term “carbon footprint” refers to:
a) Total carbon in fossil fuels
b) CO₂ emissions by an individual or entity
c) Global CO₂ absorption capacity
d) Area covered by forests
Answer: b) CO₂ emissions by an individual or entity
13. Which region in India is known for its vulnerability to glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs)?
a) Western Ghats
b) Eastern Himalayas
c) Deccan Plateau
d) Thar Desert
Answer: b) Eastern Himalayas
14. Which sector in India contributes the most to greenhouse gas emissions?
a) Agriculture
b) Industry
c) Transport
d) Energy
Answer: d) Energy
15. What percentage of India’s total geographical area is covered by forests?
a) 21.71%
b) 33.09%
c) 27.12%
d) 18.25%
Answer: a) 21.71%
16. What is the main reason behind the intensification of tropical cyclones in the Indian Ocean?
a) Reduction in sea surface salinity
b) Increase in sea surface temperature
c) Stronger trade winds
d) Ozone layer depletion
Answer: b) Increase in sea surface temperature
17. Which Himalayan state in India has experienced significant impacts of climate change, including glacial retreat?
a) Gujarat
b) Uttarakhand
c) Punjab
d) Rajasthan
Answer: b) Uttarakhand
18. Methane emissions are primarily associated with which of the following?
a) Cement production
b) Livestock farming
c) Coal mining
d) Both b and c
Answer: d) Both b and c
19. Which Indian city is most vulnerable to heatwaves due to urban heat island effects?
a) Chennai
b) Ahmedabad
c) Kolkata
d) Bengaluru
Answer: b) Ahmedabad
20. What is “climate refugee”?
a) Migrants due to political issues
b) People displaced by climate impacts
c) Evacuees during natural disasters
d) Volunteers for environmental conservation
Answer: b) People displaced by climate impacts
21. Which Indian river basin is at high risk due to climate change?
a) Ganga Basin
b) Godavari Basin
c) Brahmaputra Basin
d) Both a and c
Answer: d) Both a and c
22. Which act governs India’s forest conservation efforts?
a) Environment Protection Act, 1986
b) Forest Conservation Act, 1980
c) Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
d) Air Pollution Control Act, 1981
Answer: b) Forest Conservation Act, 1980
23. What does REDD+ stand for?
a) Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
b) Renewable Energy and Development Drive
c) Resources for Ecological Development and Distribution
d) Regional Emission Decline Directive
Answer: a) Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
24. Which Indian coastline is prone to frequent cyclones?
a) Western Coast
b) Eastern Coast
c) Southern Coast
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Eastern Coast
25. The primary goal of afforestation is to:
a) Increase crop productivity
b) Reduce desertification
c) Absorb carbon dioxide
d) Prevent soil erosion
Answer: c) Absorb carbon dioxide
26. What is the primary impact of rising temperatures on agriculture in India?
a) Increase in yield of all crops
b) Increased water availability
c) Decline in crop productivity
d) Improved pest control
Answer: c) Decline in crop productivity
27. Which of these is a natural carbon sink?
a) Fossil fuels
b) Forests
c) Plastic debris
d) Urban areas
Answer: b) Forests
28. Which Indian ministry is responsible for climate change policies?
a) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
b) Ministry of Agriculture
c) Ministry of Water Resources
d) Ministry of Home Affairs
Answer: a) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
29. Which of the following is an example of climate adaptation?
a) Switching to renewable energy
b) Constructing flood-resistant infrastructure
c) Banning deforestation
d) Reducing industrial emissions
Answer: b) Constructing flood-resistant infrastructure
30. The “Green Climate Fund” was established to:
a) Support developing countries in climate actions
b) Fund renewable energy projects in Europe
c) Promote afforestation in the Arctic
d) Replace the Kyoto Protocol
Answer: a) Support developing countries in climate actions
