Introduction Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a critical process in the field of environmental management…
MCQs with answers on “Coral Reef Conservation: Global and Indian Perspectives”
1. Which of the following is the primary cause of coral bleaching?
A) Ocean acidification
B) Pollution
C) Increased sea temperatures
D) Overfishing
Answer: C) Increased sea temperatures
2. The largest coral reef system in the world is located in which of the following countries?
A) India
B) Australia
C) Indonesia
D) USA
Answer: B) Australia
3. Which of the following is the name of the coral reef in India that is known for its biodiversity?
A) Sundarbans
B) Lakshadweep Islands
C) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
D) Gulf of Kutch
Answer: C) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
4. Which of the following is a significant factor contributing to coral reef degradation?
A) Use of sustainable fishing techniques
B) Ocean acidification
C) Mangrove plantation
D) Protection from commercial tourism
Answer: B) Ocean acidification
5. What is the most significant threat to coral reefs globally?
A) Invasive species
B) Pollution
C) Overfishing
D) Climate change
Answer: D) Climate change
6. The ‘Coral Triangle,’ which is the most biodiverse marine area in the world, is located in which region?
A) Indian Ocean
B) Pacific Ocean
C) Atlantic Ocean
D) Mediterranean Sea
Answer: B) Pacific Ocean
7. In India, which marine national park is famous for coral reefs?
A) Kaziranga National Park
B) Sunderbans National Park
C) Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park
D) Jim Corbett National Park
Answer: C) Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park
8. What is the primary role of coral reefs in the marine ecosystem?
A) Produce oxygen
B) Act as a barrier against coastal erosion
C) Filter pollutants from the water
D) Prevent overfishing
Answer: B) Act as a barrier against coastal erosion
9. Which of the following is considered a global initiative for coral reef conservation?
A) United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
B) Coral Triangle Initiative
C) Kyoto Protocol
D) Montreal Protocol
Answer: B) Coral Triangle Initiative
10. Which Indian state is home to the famous coral reefs of the Lakshadweep Islands?
A) Kerala
B) West Bengal
C) Tamil Nadu
D) Goa
Answer: A) Kerala
11. Which of the following countries is NOT part of the Coral Triangle?
A) Indonesia
B) Philippines
C) India
D) Papua New Guinea
Answer: C) India
12. What is the effect of ocean acidification on coral reefs?
A) It enhances coral growth
B) It weakens coral skeletons
C) It promotes biodiversity
D) It leads to the rapid spread of invasive species
Answer: B) It weakens coral skeletons
13. Coral reefs are most commonly found in which type of oceanic zone?
A) Deep ocean
B) Intertidal zone
C) Coastal zone
D) Abyssal zone
Answer: C) Coastal zone
14. The term “coral bleaching” refers to which of the following?
A) The loss of coral color due to the expulsion of symbiotic algae
B) The growth of new coral species
C) The excessive nutrient build-up around coral reefs
D) The spread of coral diseases
Answer: A) The loss of coral color due to the expulsion of symbiotic algae
15. Which of the following practices is considered harmful to coral reefs?
A) Sustainable tourism
B) Coral restoration projects
C) Overfishing
D) Marine protected areas
Answer: C) Overfishing
16. Which international organization is responsible for the protection of coral reefs under the Convention on Biological Diversity?
A) World Health Organization
B) International Maritime Organization
C) United Nations Environment Programme
D) World Wildlife Fund
Answer: C) United Nations Environment Programme
17. The coral reefs in the Gulf of Mannar are classified under which of the following conservation status?
A) Ramsar Site
B) UNESCO World Heritage Site
C) Biosphere Reserve
D) National Park
Answer: C) Biosphere Reserve
18. Coral reefs are important for local economies mainly due to which of the following?
A) Fishing and tourism
B) Mining and construction
C) Oil extraction
D) Salt production
Answer: A) Fishing and tourism
19. The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA) is responsible for the conservation of which coral reef?
A) Great Barrier Reef
B) Coral Triangle
C) Red Sea Coral Reef
D) Seychelles Coral Reef
Answer: A) Great Barrier Reef
20. Which is a key factor in coral bleaching caused by climate change?
A) Increased acidity of seawater
B) Decreased oxygen in seawater
C) Rising sea temperatures
D) Increased salinity
Answer: C) Rising sea temperatures
21. Which Indian state is known for its marine biodiversity, including coral reefs, in the Andaman Islands?
A) Tamil Nadu
B) Andhra Pradesh
C) Odisha
D) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Answer: D) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
22. What is the main method of coral reproduction?
A) Sexual reproduction through spawning
B) Asexual reproduction through fragmentation
C) Budding
D) Fission
Answer: A) Sexual reproduction through spawning
23. In which year did the United Nations declare the International Year of the Reef?
A) 1990
B) 2000
C) 2018
D) 1997
Answer: B) 2000
24. The loss of which species is often associated with coral reef degradation?
A) Sea turtles
B) Dolphins
C) Sharks
D) Seals
Answer: A) Sea turtles
25. Which of the following is the key role of marine protected areas in coral reef conservation?
A) Encourage overfishing
B) Promote industrial development
C) Prevent human activities that harm coral reefs
D) Increase the harvesting of corals
Answer: C) Prevent human activities that harm coral reefs
26. The coral reefs found in the Indian Ocean are primarily located in which zone?
A) Antarctic Zone
B) Tropical Zone
C) Sub-Arctic Zone
D) Temperate Zone
Answer: B) Tropical Zone
27. Which of the following is an effective method to protect coral reefs from tourism?
A) Restricting access to tourists
B) Promoting coral mining
C) Increasing boat traffic around reefs
D) Expanding coral farming
Answer: A) Restricting access to tourists
28. Coral reefs are estimated to cover what percentage of the ocean floor?
A) 0.1%
B) 1%
C) 10%
D) 25%
Answer: B) 1%
29. Which of the following international agreements addresses the protection of coral reefs?
A) Paris Agreement
B) Convention on Biological Diversity
C) Kyoto Protocol
D) World Trade Organization Agreement
Answer: B) Convention on Biological Diversity
30. The introduction of which invasive species is a significant threat to coral reefs?
A) Lionfish
B) Turtles
C) Seals
D) Dolphins
Answer: A) Lionfish
