Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) along with answers covering important historical topics for CBSE Class 10 exams

Indian History

Who was the leader of the Indian National Congress during the first phase of the Indian freedom struggle?
- A) Jawaharlal Nehru
- B) Subhas Chandra Bose
- C) Mahatma Gandhi
- D) Dadabhai Naoroji
- Answer: D) Dadabhai Naoroji
Which movement is associated with the slogan ‘Do or Die’?
- A) Non-Cooperation Movement
- B) Quit India Movement
- C) Civil Disobedience Movement
- D) Swadeshi Movement
- Answer: B) Quit India Movement
The Jallianwala Bagh massacre occurred in which year?
- A) 1917
- B) 1919
- C) 1920
- D) 1922
- Answer: B) 1919
Who was the founder of the Indian National Congress?
- A) A.O. Hume
- B) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- C) Lala Lajpat Rai
- D) Bipin Chandra Pal
- Answer: A) A.O. Hume
Which leader is known for his role in the Chittagong Armoury Raid?
- A) Subhas Chandra Bose
- B) Bhagat Singh
- C) Lala Lajpat Rai
- D) Jawaharlal Nehru
- Answer: B) Bhagat Singh
What was the primary aim of the Non-Cooperation Movement?
- A) To demand complete independence
- B) To boycott British goods and services
- C) To promote communal harmony
- D) To improve the condition of farmers
- Answer: B) To boycott British goods and services
Who was the Viceroy of India during the 1857 Revolt?
- A) Lord Curzon
- B) Lord Lytton
- C) Lord Canning
- D) Lord Dalhousie
- Answer: C) Lord Canning
Which Act provided for the establishment of the All India Federation?
- A) Government of India Act 1919
- B) Government of India Act 1935
- C) Indian Councils Act 1909
- D) Indian Independence Act 1947
- Answer: B) Government of India Act 1935
The Partition of Bengal took place in which year?
- A) 1905
- B) 1911
- C) 1920
- D) 1947
- Answer: A) 1905
Who was the leader of the Muslim League at the time of the partition of India?
- A) Liaquat Ali Khan
- B) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
- C) Allama Iqbal
- D) Syed Ahmed Khan
- Answer: B) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
The Indian National Army was led by which leader?
- A) Jawaharlal Nehru
- B) Subhas Chandra Bose
- C) Mahatma Gandhi
- D) Bhagat Singh
- Answer: B) Subhas Chandra Bose
The First Round Table Conference was held in which year?
- A) 1929
- B) 1930
- C) 1931
- D) 1932
- Answer: B) 1930
Which act abolished the system of dual government in Bengal?
- A) Regulating Act 1773
- B) Pitt’s India Act 1784
- C) Charter Act 1813
- D) Government of India Act 1935
- Answer: A) Regulating Act 1773
Which movement is also known as the ‘Chalo Delhi’ movement?
- A) Non-Cooperation Movement
- B) Quit India Movement
- C) Civil Disobedience Movement
- D) Swadeshi Movement
- Answer: B) Quit India Movement
The 1942 Cripps Mission was aimed at:
- A) Settling the Hindu-Muslim dispute
- B) Offering India full self-government after the war
- C) Negotiating peace with the Axis Powers
- D) Discussing the terms of the Partition
- Answer: B) Offering India full self-government after the war
Which act is known as the ‘Black Act’?
- A) Rowlatt Act 1919
- B) Government of India Act 1935
- C) Indian Councils Act 1909
- D) Regulating Act 1773
- Answer: A) Rowlatt Act 1919
Who was the first woman President of the Indian National Congress?
- A) Sarojini Naidu
- B) Annie Besant
- C) Indira Gandhi
- D) Sucheta Kriplani
- Answer: B) Annie Besant
The term ‘Swaraj’ was popularized by which leader?
- A) Jawaharlal Nehru
- B) Subhas Chandra Bose
- C) Mahatma Gandhi
- D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- Answer: D) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Which leader is associated with the concept of ‘Hindutva’?
- A) Mahatma Gandhi
- B) Jawaharlal Nehru
- C) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
- D) Lala Lajpat Rai
- Answer: C) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
The ‘Dandi March’ was organized by:
- A) Jawaharlal Nehru
- B) Mahatma Gandhi
- C) Subhas Chandra Bose
- D) Bhagat Singh
- Answer: B) Mahatma Gandhi

World History

The French Revolution began in which year?
- A) 1776
- B) 1789
- C) 1799
- D) 1815
- Answer: B) 1789
Which event marked the end of Napoleon Bonaparte’s rule in France?
- A) The Battle of Waterloo
- B) The Congress of Vienna
- C) The Battle of Trafalgar
- D) The Hundred Days
- Answer: A) The Battle of Waterloo
The Industrial Revolution began in which country?
- A) France
- B) Germany
- C) United States
- D) United Kingdom
- Answer: D) United Kingdom
Which treaty ended World War I?
- A) Treaty of Paris
- B) Treaty of Versailles
- C) Treaty of Berlin
- D) Treaty of Ghent
- Answer: B) Treaty of Versailles
The Cold War was primarily a conflict between:
- A) Germany and France
- B) USA and USSR
- C) USA and Japan
- D) Britain and Germany
- Answer: B) USA and USSR
Which event directly led to the start of World War II?
- A) The signing of the Treaty of Versailles
- B) The invasion of Poland by Germany
- C) The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
- D) The annexation of Austria by Germany
- Answer: B) The invasion of Poland by Germany
Who was the leader of the Bolshevik Party during the Russian Revolution?
- A) Leon Trotsky
- B) Joseph Stalin
- C) Vladimir Lenin
- D) Nicholas II
- Answer: C) Vladimir Lenin
The Treaty of Nanking was signed after which conflict?
- A) Opium War
- B) Crimean War
- C) Russo-Japanese War
- D) Spanish-American War
- Answer: A) Opium War
The Berlin Wall was a symbol of which major conflict?
- A) World War I
- B) World War II
- C) The Cold War
- D) The Korean War
- Answer: C) The Cold War
The Meiji Restoration was a period of:
- A) Political reform in China
- B) Economic development in Japan
- C) Social upheaval in Korea
- D) Military conquest in Mongolia
- Answer: B) Economic development in Japan
Which leader was known for the policy of apartheid in South Africa?
- A) Nelson Mandela
- B) F.W. de Klerk
- C) P.W. Botha
- D) Desmond Tutu
- Answer: C) P.W. Botha
Which revolution is known for its slogan ‘Liberty, Equality, Fraternity’?
- A) American Revolution
- B) French Revolution
- C) Russian Revolution
- D) Chinese Revolution
- Answer: B) French Revolution
The term ‘Gilded Age’ refers to which period in American history?
- A) 1865-1900
- B) 1900-1920
- C) 1920-1940
- D) 1940-1960
- Answer: A) 1865-1900
Who was the President of the United States during the Great Depression?
- A) Theodore Roosevelt
- B) Franklin D. Roosevelt
- C) Herbert Hoover
- D) Harry S. Truman
- Answer: C) Herbert Hoover
The Treaty of Versailles was signed in which city?
- A) London
- B) Paris
- C) Berlin
- D) Vienna
- Answer: B) Paris
Which event marked the end of the Apartheid era in South Africa?
- A) The Soweto Uprising
- B) The release of Nelson Mandela
- C) The first multiracial elections
- D) The fall of the Berlin Wall
- Answer: C) The first multiracial elections
Which country was divided into East and West during the Cold War?
- A) Germany
- B) Korea
- C) Vietnam
- D) China
- Answer: A) Germany
The concept of ‘Manifest Destiny’ was associated with the expansion of which country?
- A) Spain
- B) France
- C) United States
- D) United Kingdom
- Answer: C) United States
Who was the leader of the Chinese Nationalist Party during the early 20th century?
- A) Mao Zedong
- B) Chiang Kai-shek
- C) Sun Yat-sen
- D) Deng Xiaoping
- Answer: B) Chiang Kai-shek
Which war led to the independence of most Latin American countries?
- A) The Napoleonic Wars
- B) The Spanish-American War
- C) The Mexican-American War
- D) The South American Wars of Independence
- Answer: D) The South American Wars of Independence
The ‘Iron Curtain’ was a term used to describe the division between:
- A) Western Europe and Eastern Europe
- B) North and South Korea
- C) Israel and its neighboring countries
- D) The United States and the Soviet Union
- Answer: A) Western Europe and Eastern Europe
Which empire was known for its elaborate system of roads and bridges during the 16th century?
- A) Ottoman Empire
- B) Ming Dynasty
- C) Inca Empire
- D) Roman Empire
- Answer: C) Inca Empire
The term ‘Viking’ refers to seafaring warriors from which region?
- A) Spain
- B) Scandinavia
- C) Italy
- D) Greece
- Answer: B) Scandinavia
The ‘Marshall Plan’ was aimed at:
- A) Rebuilding Japan
- B) Providing military aid to NATO allies
- C) Reconstructing Western Europe after World War II
- D) Supporting anti-communist forces in Asia
- Answer: C) Reconstructing Western Europe after World War II
Which empire was led by Emperor Akbar during the 16th century?
- A) Ottoman Empire
- B) Mughal Empire
- C) Safavid Empire
- D) Byzantine Empire
- Answer: B) Mughal Empire
The Opium Wars were conflicts between China and which country?
- A) Japan
- B) Russia
- C) Britain
- D) France
- Answer: C) Britain
Which revolution is associated with the establishment of the Soviet Union?
- A) February Revolution
- B) October Revolution
- C) Russian Revolution
- D) Bolshevik Revolution
- Answer: B) October Revolution
The ‘Berlin Conference’ of 1884-85 was held to:
- A) Discuss the partition of Africa
- B) Plan the rebuilding of Europe
- C) Establish a trade route through the Americas
- D) Negotiate peace between warring European powers
- Answer: A) Discuss the partition of Africa
Which revolutionary leader is known for the phrase ‘Let them eat cake’?
- A) Napoleon Bonaparte
- B) Marie Antoinette
- C) Louis XVI
- D) Maximilien Robespierre
- Answer: B) Marie Antoinette
The ‘Trail of Tears’ refers to:
- A) The forced relocation of Native American tribes
- B) A path taken by explorers during the Lewis and Clark expedition
- C) A major battle in the American Civil War
- D) The movement of settlers during the Gold Rush
- Answer: A) The forced relocation of Native American tribes

Indian History (Continued)

Who was the first President of the Indian National Congress?
- A) Allan Octavian Hume
- B) Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee
- C) Dadabhai Naoroji
- D) Mahatma Gandhi
- Answer: B) Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee
Which of the following was not a part of the Indian National Movement?
- A) The Red Fort Campaign
- B) The Quit India Resolution
- C) The Chauri Chaura Incident
- D) The Dandi March
- Answer: A) The Red Fort Campaign
Which leader is associated with the ‘Poorna Swaraj’ declaration?
- A) Jawaharlal Nehru
- B) Mahatma Gandhi
- C) Subhas Chandra Bose
- D) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
- Answer: A) Jawaharlal Nehru
The INA trial was held in which city?
- A) Calcutta
- B) Delhi
- C) Lahore
- D) Bombay
- Answer: B) Delhi
Who was the first Prime Minister of independent India?
- A) Jawaharlal Nehru
- B) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
- C) Rajendra Prasad
- D) Subhas Chandra Bose
- Answer: A) Jawaharlal Nehru
The Lahore Resolution of 1940 demanded:
- A) Complete independence from Britain
- B) The creation of Pakistan
- C) Equal rights for women
- D) End of British rule in India
- Answer: B) The creation of Pakistan
The Simon Commission was boycotted by Indian leaders because:
- A) It included no Indian members
- B) It was proposed by the British government
- C) It ignored the demands of the Congress Party
- D) It supported the Muslim League’s demands
- Answer: A) It included no Indian members
Which Act introduced the system of Dyarchy in Indian provinces?
- A) Government of India Act 1919
- B) Government of India Act 1935
- C) Indian Councils Act 1909
- D) Indian Independence Act 1947
- Answer: A) Government of India Act 1919
The term ‘Vande Mataram’ is associated with which leader?
- A) Rabindranath Tagore
- B) Bhagat Singh
- C) Subhas Chandra Bose
- D) Jawaharlal Nehru
- Answer: A) Rabindranath Tagore
Who led the first struggle for Indian independence in 1857?
- A) Bahadur Shah Zafar
- B) Rani Lakshmibai
- C) Mangal Pandey
- D) Kunwar Singh
- Answer: C) Mangal Pandey

World History (Continued)

The ‘Meiji Restoration’ in Japan led to:
- A) The establishment of a military dictatorship
- B) The end of the feudal system
- C) The rise of communism
- D) The start of World War II
- Answer: B) The end of the feudal system
The ‘Treaty of Tordesillas’ divided the New World between which two countries?
- A) Spain and Portugal
- B) France and England
- C) Spain and France
- D) Portugal and England
- Answer: A) Spain and Portugal
Which of the following was a result of the Treaty of Paris 1783?
- A) End of the American Revolutionary War
- B) End of the Napoleonic Wars
- C) End of the Crimean War
- D) End of the Seven Years’ War
- Answer: A) End of the American Revolutionary War
Who was the leader of the Soviet Union during the Cuban Missile Crisis?
- A) Joseph Stalin
- B) Nikita Khrushchev
- C) Leonid Brezhnev
- D) Mikhail Gorbachev
- Answer: B) Nikita Khrushchev
Which event marked the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in Britain?
- A) The invention of the steam engine
- B) The opening of the first factory
- C) The agricultural revolution
- D) The discovery of coal
- Answer: A) The invention of the steam engine
The ‘Suez Crisis’ of 1956 involved which countries?
- A) United States and Soviet Union
- B) Egypt, Israel, and Britain
- C) India and Pakistan
- D) France and Germany
- Answer: B) Egypt, Israel, and Britain
Which empire was ruled by Suleiman the Magnificent?
- A) Ottoman Empire
- B) Mughal Empire
- C) Safavid Empire
- D) Byzantine Empire
- Answer: A) Ottoman Empire
The ‘Treaty of Utrecht’ of 1713 is associated with which historical period?
- A) The Napoleonic Wars
- B) The War of Spanish Succession
- C) The Seven Years’ War
- D) The Hundred Years’ War
- Answer: B) The War of Spanish Succession
Which leader was known for the policy of ‘glasnost’?
- A) Mikhail Gorbachev
- B) Boris Yeltsin
- C) Vladimir Putin
- D) Leonid Brezhnev
- Answer: A) Mikhail Gorbachev
The ‘Schlieffen Plan’ was a military strategy associated with which country?
- A) France
- B) United Kingdom
- C) Germany
- D) Russia
- Answer: C) Germany
Which leader initiated the Reformation in the 16th century?
- A) Martin Luther
- B) John Calvin
- C) Henry VIII
- D) Ignatius of Loyola
- Answer: A) Martin Luther
The ‘Treaty of Nanking’ of 1842 ended which war?
- A) The Opium War
- B) The Crimean War
- C) The Anglo-French War
- D) The American Civil War
- Answer: A) The Opium War
The ‘Age of Enlightenment’ primarily took place in which century?
- A) 16th century
- B) 17th century
- C) 18th century
- D) 19th century
- Answer: C) 18th century
The ‘Sino-Japanese War’ of 1894-95 was fought between China and:
- A) Russia
- B) Korea
- C) Japan
- D) Britain
- Answer: C) Japan
Which country was the first to grant women the right to vote?
- A) United States
- B) New Zealand
- C) United Kingdom
- D) Australia
- Answer: B) New Zealand
The ‘Magna Carta’ was signed in which year?
- A) 1215
- B) 1300
- C) 1455
- D) 1600
- Answer: A) 1215
The ‘Zulu War’ took place in which country?
- A) South Africa
- B) Kenya
- C) Nigeria
- D) Ghana
- Answer: A) South Africa
Which European power was the first to establish a colony in the Americas?
- A) Portugal
- B) Spain
- C) France
- D) England
- Answer: B) Spain
The ‘Glorious Revolution’ of 1688 resulted in the overthrow of which monarch?
- A) James I
- B) Charles I
- C) James II
- D) William III
- Answer: C) James II
Which battle marked the end of Napoleon Bonaparte’s rule in France?
- A) Battle of Austerlitz
- B) Battle of Leipzig
- C) Battle of Waterloo
- D) Battle of Trafalgar
- Answer: C) Battle of Waterloo
The ‘Balfour Declaration’ of 1917 supported the establishment of a Jewish homeland in which region?
- A) Palestine
- B) Israel
- C) Mesopotamia
- D) Lebanon
- Answer: A) Palestine
Who was the leader of the Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution?
- A) Leon Trotsky
- B) Vladimir Lenin
- C) Joseph Stalin
- D) Nicholas II
- Answer: B) Vladimir Lenin
The ‘Nuremberg Trials’ were held to prosecute:
- A) War crimes committed during World War I
- B) War crimes committed during World War II
- C) Crimes against humanity in the Rwandan Genocide
- D) The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
- Answer: B) War crimes committed during World War II
Which leader is associated with the unification of Germany in the 19th century?
- A) Otto von Bismarck
- B) Wilhelm II
- C) Frederick the Great
- D) Charles V
- Answer: A) Otto von Bismarck
The ‘Enclosure Movement’ in Britain led to:
- A) The rise of factory production
- B) The consolidation of land and displacement of rural workers
- C) The increase in agricultural production
- D) The expansion of the British Empire
- Answer: B) The consolidation of land and displacement of rural workers
The ‘American Civil Rights Movement’ of the 1960s aimed to achieve:
- A) Economic reforms
- B) Voting rights and racial equality
- C) Women’s suffrage
- D) Labor rights
- Answer: B) Voting rights and racial equality
Which event marked the beginning of the Cold War?
- A) The end of World War II
- B) The Cuban Missile Crisis
- C) The Berlin Airlift
- D) The Korean War
- Answer: A) The end of World War II
The ‘Treaty of Versailles’ was signed after which major conflict?
- A) World War I
- B) World War II
- C) The Korean War
- D) The Vietnam War
- Answer: A) World War I
Which country was the primary battleground for the ‘Thirty Years’ War’?
- A) France
- B) Germany
- C) Spain
- D) Italy
- Answer: B) Germany
The ‘Magna Carta’ was an important document in the history of:
- A) Feudalism
- B) Constitutional law
- C) Colonial America
- D) The French Revolution
- Answer: B) Constitutional law
Which king was executed during the English Civil War?
- A) Henry VIII
- B) Charles I
- C) James II
- D) Richard III
- Answer: B) Charles I
The ‘Treaty of Paris’ of 1783 ended the war between the United States and:
- A) Britain
- B) France
- C) Spain
- D) The Netherlands
- Answer: A) Britain
Who was the first Emperor of China’s Qin Dynasty?
- A) Qin Shi Huang
- B) Han Wudi
- C) Liu Bang
- D) Zhang Qian
- Answer: A) Qin Shi Huang
The ‘Russian Revolution’ led to the establishment of which political system?
- A) Monarchy
- B) Democracy
- C) Communism
- D) Feudalism
- Answer: C) Communism
Which of the following was a key factor in the outbreak of World War I?
- A) The fall of the Berlin Wall
- B) The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
- C) The signing of the Treaty of Versailles
- D) The rise of Nazi Germany
- Answer: B) The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
The ‘Berlin Wall’ fell in which year?
- A) 1989
- B) 1991
- C) 1987
- D) 1985
- Answer: A) 1989
Which ancient civilization is known for its system of writing called cuneiform?
- A) Egyptians
- B) Sumerians
- C) Mayans
- D) Greeks
- Answer: B) Sumerians
Which major war was fought between the United States and the Soviet Union from 1947 to 1991?
- A) Korean War
- B) Cold War
- C) Vietnam War
- D) Gulf War
- Answer: B) Cold War
Which empire was ruled by Genghis Khan?
- A) Mongol Empire
- B) Ottoman Empire
- C) Byzantine Empire
- D) Persian Empire
- Answer: A) Mongol Empire
Which historical figure is known for the ‘Fourteen Points’ speech? – A) Franklin D. Roosevelt – B) Woodrow Wilson – C) Theodore Roosevelt – D) John F. Kennedy – Answer: B) Woodrow Wilson

Indian History

World History

Indian History (Continued)

World History (Continued)

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