CBSE Class 11 Biology Syllabus 2025-26
CBSE Class 11 Biology Syllabus
| Unit | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Diversity of Living Organisms | Chapter 1: The Living World – Biodiversity; Need for classification; three domains of life; taxonomy and systematics; concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; binomial nomenclature.
Chapter 2: Biological Classification – Five kingdom classifications; Salient features and classification of Monera, Protista and Fungi; Lichens, Viruses and Viroids. Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom – Classification into major groups; Features and examples of Algae, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae (Excluded: Angiosperms, Plant Life Cycle & Alternation of Generations). Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom – Salient features and classification: Non-chordates up to phyla level and chordates up to class level; examples of each. (No live specimens to be displayed). |
| 2 | Structural Organization in Animals and Plants | Chapter 5: Morphology of Flowering Plants – Morphology of root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit, seed; description of family Solanaceae.
Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants – Anatomy and functions of tissue systems in dicots and monocots. Chapter 7: Structural Organisation in Animals – Morphology, Anatomy and functions of frog’s systems: digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous, reproductive. |
| 3 | Cell: Structure and Function | Chapter 8: Cell-The Unit of Life – Cell theory, prokaryotic & eukaryotic cells; Plant & animal cells; cell envelope, membrane, wall; organelles: ER, Golgi, lysosomes, vacuoles, mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, microbodies, cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles, nucleus.
Chapter 9: Biomolecules – Chemical constituents of living cells; Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes – types, properties, action. (Excluded: Nature of Bond Linking Monomers, Dynamic State of Body Constituents, Metabolic Basis of Living, The Living State). Chapter 10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division – Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and significance. |
| 4 | Plant Physiology | Chapter 11 – Transport in Plants
Chapter 12 – Mineral Nutrition Chapter 13: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants – Autotrophic nutrition; site of photosynthesis; pigments; photochemical & biosynthetic phases; cyclic & non-cyclic photophosphorylation; chemiosmotic hypothesis; photorespiration; C3 & C4 pathways; factors affecting photosynthesis. Chapter 14: Respiration in Plants – Gas exchange; cellular respiration – glycolysis, fermentation, TCA cycle, electron transport system; energy relations & ATP yield; amphibolic pathways; respiratory quotient. Chapter 15: Plant – Growth and Development – Seed germination; phases & rate of growth; differentiation, dedifferentiation, redifferentiation; sequence of developmental processes; growth regulators (auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA). |
| 5 | Human Physiology | Chapter 16 – Digestion and Absorption
Chapter 17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases – Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Human respiratory system; mechanism & regulation; exchange & transport of gases; respiratory volumes; disorders (asthma, emphysema, occupational respiratory diseases). Chapter 18: Body Fluids and Circulation – Blood composition, groups, coagulation; lymph; human circulatory system: heart, vessels; cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG; double circulation; regulation; disorders (hypertension, coronary artery disease, angina, heart failure). Chapter 19: Excretory Products and Their Elimination – Modes (ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism); Human excretory system; urine formation; osmoregulation; kidney regulation (RAAS, ANF, ADH, diabetes insipidus); disorders (uremia, renal failure, calculi, nephritis); dialysis, transplant. Chapter 20: Locomotion and Movement – Types (ciliary, flagellar, muscular); skeletal muscle, contractile proteins, contraction mechanism; skeletal system, joints; disorders (myasthenia gravis, tetany, muscular dystrophy, arthritis, osteoporosis, gout). Chapter 21: Neural Control and Coordination – Neuron, nerves; Human nervous system (CNS, PNS, VNS); impulse generation & conduction. Chapter 22: Chemical Coordination and Integration – Endocrine glands & hormones; Human endocrine system: hypothalamus, pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads; hormone action; hormonal roles in regulation; disorders (dwarfism, acromegaly, cretinism, goitre, exophthalmic goitre, diabetes, Addison’s). (Diseases of physiological systems to be taught briefly.) |
