CBSE Class 12 Mathematics syllabus 2025-26

Posted by ScientiaTutorials.in
Date 27/09/2025
Categories Class 12 CBSE Syllabus
Tags CBSE Class 12 Mathematics syllabus, CBSE Class 12 Mathematics syllabus PDF, CBSE Class 12 Maths exam guide, CBSE Mathematics syllabus for Class 12, Class 12 Mathematics NCERT updated syllabus, Class 12 Mathematics syllabus with units, NCERT based Class 12 Mathematics curriculum, NCERT Class 12 Mathematics syllabus 2025-26

Chapter-wise syllabus for CBSE Class 12 Mathematics (2025-26) based on the NCERT/CBSE curriculum:

(From CBSE Academic “Mathematics Subject Code – 041 Classes XI-XII (2025–26)” (CBSE Academic), and related sources)

CBSE / NCERT Class 12 Mathematics Syllabus 2025-26

Unit	Chapter No.	Chapter Title	Key Topics / Sub-topics
Unit I: Relations & Functions	1	Relations and Functions	• Types of relations: reflexive, symmetric, transitive, equivalence • One-to-one and onto functions • Composite functions • Inverse of a function • Binary operations (NCERT)
	2	Inverse Trigonometric Functions	• Definition, domain & range • Principal value branches • Graphs • Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric functions
Unit II: Algebra	3	Matrices	• Concept, notation, order, equality • Types of matrices (zero, identity, symmetric, skew-symmetric) • Operations: addition, scalar multiplication, multiplication • Transpose, properties • Invertible (non-singular) matrices and uniqueness of inverse • (Depending on scope) elementary row/column operations
	4	Determinants	• Determinant of square matrices (up to 3×3) • Minors, cofactors • Properties of determinants • Adjoint, inverse (via adjoint) • Applications: e.g. area of a triangle • Systems of linear equations: consistency, uniqueness, use of inverse matrix method
Unit III: Calculus	5	Continuity and Differentiability	• Continuity and differentiability definitions • Derivative of composite functions (chain rule) • Derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions • Implicit differentiation • Exponential & logarithmic functions; their derivatives • Parametric forms • Second order derivatives • Rolle’s theorem and Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorem (geometric interpretation)
	6	Applications of Derivatives	• Rate of change of quantities • Increasing / decreasing functions • Tangents & normals • Approximation • Maxima and minima (first and second derivative tests) • Simple real-life problems
	7	Integrals	• Integration as the inverse process of differentiation • Methods: substitution, by parts, partial fractions • Definite integrals, fundamental theorem of calculus • Properties of definite integrals • Simple integrals of standard forms • (Scope limited to simpler integrals)
	8	Applications of Integrals	• Area under simple curves (lines, circles, parabolas, ellipses) in standard form • Area between two curves (in standard form) (Jagranjosh.com)
	9	Differential Equations	• Definition, order, degree • General & particular solutions • Method of separation of variables • Homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree • Linear differential equations of type dy/dx + P(x)y = Q(x)
Unit IV: Vectors & 3D Geometry	10	Vector Algebra	• Scalars & vectors, magnitude, direction • Types of vectors (zero, unit, parallel, collinear) • Position vector of a point • Addition, scalar multiplication • Dot product, cross product (to the extent required) • Division of a line segment in a given ratio
	11	Three-Dimensional Geometry	• Direction cosines & direction ratios of a line • Equation of a line in space (vector & Cartesian forms) • Angle between two lines • Shortest distance between two skew lines
Unit V: Linear Programming	12	Linear Programming	• Introduction and terminology • Mathematical formulation of a linear programming problem (LPP) • Graphical method of solution for problems in two variables • Feasible / infeasible region, bounded / unbounded region • Optimal feasible solutions • (Up to three non-trivial constraints)
Unit VI: Probability	13	Probability	• Conditional probability • Multiplication theorem on probability • Independent events • Total probability theorem • Bayes’ theorem

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