MCQs on Plant Kingdom – CBSE Class 11 Biology
Below is a well-structured, NCERT-strict set of 40 MCQs with answers and detailed, concept-clearing explanations for:
Course: CBSE Class 11 Biology – MCQs with Answers and Explanations
Unit I: Diversity in Living World
Topic: Plant Kingdom – CBSE Class 11 Biology (NCERT)
The MCQs are section-wise, exam-oriented, and fully aligned with the NCERT syllabus, making them ideal for CBSE Board exam standards.
MCQs on Plant Kingdom – CBSE Class 11 Biology (NCERT)
Section A: General Characteristics of Plant Kingdom
Q1. Members of the plant kingdom are primarily:
A. Heterotrophic
B. Saprophytic
C. Autotrophic
D. Parasitic
Answer: C
Explanation:
Most plants are autotrophic and synthesise food by photosynthesis using chlorophyll.
Q2. Which pigment is essential for photosynthesis in all plants?
A. Chlorophyll-b
B. Carotene
C. Xanthophyll
D. Chlorophyll-a
Answer: D
Explanation:
Chlorophyll-a is the primary photosynthetic pigment present in all photosynthetic plants.
Q3. Reserve food material in plants is mainly:
A. Glycogen
B. Protein
C. Starch
D. Lipid
Answer: C
Explanation:
Plants store reserve food mainly in the form of starch.
Q4. Cell wall of plants is composed mainly of:
A. Chitin
B. Peptidoglycan
C. Cellulose
D. Lignin only
Answer: C
Explanation:
Cellulose is the chief structural component of plant cell walls.
Section B: Algae
Q5. Algae are primarily:
A. Heterotrophic plants
B. Aquatic autotrophs
C. Terrestrial autotrophs
D. Parasitic organisms
Answer: B
Explanation:
Algae are mostly aquatic, photosynthetic organisms.
Q6. Which pigment is characteristic of green algae?
A. Fucoxanthin
B. Phycoerythrin
C. Chlorophyll-a and b
D. Phycocyanin
Answer: C
Explanation:
Green algae possess chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b.
Q7. Reserve food material in brown algae is:
A. Starch
B. Floridean starch
C. Laminarin and mannitol
D. Glycogen
Answer: C
Explanation:
Brown algae store food as laminarin and mannitol.
Q8. Red algae store food in the form of:
A. Starch
B. Glycogen
C. Floridean starch
D. Laminarin
Answer: C
Explanation:
Floridean starch is the reserve food of red algae.
Q9. The cell wall of algae is mainly composed of:
A. Chitin
B. Cellulose
C. Peptidoglycan
D. Lignin
Answer: B
Explanation:
Algal cell walls are primarily made of cellulose.
Q10. Which algal group contributes maximum to marine primary productivity?
A. Green algae
B. Brown algae
C. Red algae
D. Blue-green algae
Answer: B
Explanation:
Brown algae form extensive marine forests and contribute significantly to marine productivity.
Section C: Bryophytes
Q11. Bryophytes are called amphibians of the plant kingdom because they:
A. Live in water
B. Need water for reproduction
C. Are aquatic plants
D. Have vascular tissues
Answer: B
Explanation:
Bryophytes require water for fertilisation, though they grow on land.
Q12. Dominant plant body in bryophytes is:
A. Sporophyte
B. Gametophyte
C. Thallus only
D. Mycelium
Answer: B
Explanation:
In bryophytes, the gametophyte is the dominant and independent phase.
Q13. Bryophytes lack:
A. Chlorophyll
B. Rhizoids
C. Vascular tissues
D. Sex organs
Answer: C
Explanation:
Bryophytes do not have vascular tissues like xylem and phloem.
Q14. Which of the following is a bryophyte?
A. Funaria
B. Selaginella
C. Cycas
D. Pinus
Answer: A
Explanation:
Funaria is a moss and belongs to bryophytes.
Section D: Pteridophytes
Q15. Pteridophytes are the first plants to possess:
A. Flowers
B. Seeds
C. Vascular tissues
D. Fruits
Answer: C
Explanation:
Pteridophytes are the first vascular plants with xylem and phloem.
Q16. Dominant phase in pteridophytes is:
A. Gametophyte
B. Sporophyte
C. Thallus
D. Protonema
Answer: B
Explanation:
Sporophyte is dominant and independent in pteridophytes.
Q17. Which pteridophyte is heterosporous?
A. Pteris
B. Dryopteris
C. Selaginella
D. Adiantum
Answer: C
Explanation:
Selaginella produces two types of spores and is heterosporous.
Q18. Fern leaves are called:
A. Sporophylls
B. Fronds
C. Phyllodes
D. Needles
Answer: B
Explanation:
Leaves of ferns are known as fronds.
Section E: Gymnosperms
Q19. Gymnosperms bear seeds that are:
A. Enclosed in fruits
B. Enclosed in ovary
C. Naked
D. Present in flowers
Answer: C
Explanation:
Seeds of gymnosperms are naked and not enclosed in fruits.
Q20. Which plant is a gymnosperm?
A. Mango
B. Wheat
C. Pinus
D. Mustard
Answer: C
Explanation:
Pinus is a classic example of gymnosperms.
Q21. Gymnosperms have vascular tissues but lack:
A. Tracheids
B. Vessels
C. Phloem
D. Cambium
Answer: B
Explanation:
Gymnosperms generally lack vessels in xylem (except Gnetales).
Q22. The male gametophyte in gymnosperms is represented by:
A. Ovule
B. Pollen grain
C. Embryo sac
D. Seed
Answer: B
Explanation:
Pollen grain is the male gametophyte in seed plants.
Section F: Angiosperms
Q23. Angiosperms are characterised by:
A. Naked seeds
B. Absence of flowers
C. Seeds enclosed in fruits
D. Absence of vascular tissue
Answer: C
Explanation:
Angiosperms produce seeds enclosed within fruits.
Q24. Double fertilisation occurs only in:
A. Bryophytes
B. Pteridophytes
C. Gymnosperms
D. Angiosperms
Answer: D
Explanation:
Double fertilisation is a unique feature of angiosperms.
Q25. Which tissue transports water in angiosperms?
A. Phloem
B. Cambium
C. Xylem
D. Cortex
Answer: C
Explanation:
Xylem transports water and minerals from roots to aerial parts.
Q26. The fruit develops from:
A. Ovule
B. Ovary
C. Zygote
D. Endosperm
Answer: B
Explanation:
The ovary develops into fruit after fertilisation.
Section G: Alternation of Generations
Q27. Alternation of generations refers to:
A. Asexual reproduction only
B. Alternation of habitat
C. Alternation of gametophyte and sporophyte
D. Alternation of roots and shoots
Answer: C
Explanation:
Plants alternate between haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte phases.
Q28. Dominant phase in angiosperms is:
A. Gametophyte
B. Sporophyte
C. Thallus
D. Protonema
Answer: B
Explanation:
Sporophyte is the dominant phase in angiosperms.
Section H: Economic and Ecological Importance
Q29. Algae are important because they:
A. Cause diseases
B. Reduce oxygen
C. Produce oxygen
D. Are parasitic
Answer: C
Explanation:
Algae contribute significantly to oxygen production through photosynthesis.
Q30. Bryophytes help in:
A. Soil erosion
B. Soil formation
C. Nitrogen fixation
D. Decomposition only
Answer: B
Explanation:
Bryophytes help in soil formation on bare rocks.
Q31. Pteridophytes are important because they:
A. Produce fruits
B. Were first seed plants
C. Were first vascular plants
D. Produce flowers
Answer: C
Explanation:
Pteridophytes were the first plants to evolve vascular tissues.
Section I: NCERT-Based Higher Order MCQs
Q32. Which group shows maximum diversity?
A. Bryophytes
B. Pteridophytes
C. Gymnosperms
D. Angiosperms
Answer: D
Explanation:
Angiosperms are the most diverse group of plants.
Q33. Heterospory is considered an evolutionary advancement because it leads to:
A. Asexual reproduction
B. Seed habit
C. Flower formation
D. Pollination
Answer: B
Explanation:
Heterospory is a precursor to seed habit.
Q34. Which plant group depends completely on water for fertilisation?
A. Gymnosperms
B. Angiosperms
C. Pteridophytes
D. Algae
Answer: C
Explanation:
Pteridophytes require water for movement of male gametes.
Q35. Which plant group has the simplest body organisation?
A. Angiosperms
B. Gymnosperms
C. Bryophytes
D. Algae
Answer: D
Explanation:
Algae have the simplest thalloid body organisation.
Section J: Final Revision MCQs
Q36. Vascular tissues are absent in:
A. Bryophytes
B. Pteridophytes
C. Gymnosperms
D. Angiosperms
Answer: A
Q37. Seed formation occurs in:
A. Algae and bryophytes
B. Bryophytes and pteridophytes
C. Gymnosperms and angiosperms
D. Pteridophytes only
Answer: C
Q38. Which plant group has flowers?
A. Gymnosperms
B. Pteridophytes
C. Angiosperms
D. Bryophytes
Answer: C
Q39. Water transport in plants is mainly through:
A. Phloem
B. Cortex
C. Xylem
D. Cambium
Answer: C
Q40. The most advanced plant group is:
A. Bryophytes
B. Pteridophytes
C. Gymnosperms
D. Angiosperms
Answer: D