MCQs on Structural Organisation in Animals – NCERT Class 11
MCQs on Structural Organisation in Animals – CBSE Class 11 Biology (Unit II | NCERT-Based)
CBSE Class 11 Biology – MCQs with Answers and Explanations
Unit II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
Topic: Structural Organisation in Animals
Section A: Animal Tissues – Epithelial Tissue (Q1–Q15)
Q1. Which tissue covers the external surface of the body?
A. Connective tissue
B. Muscular tissue
C. Nervous tissue
D. Epithelial tissue
Answer: D
Explanation: Epithelial tissue forms the outer covering of the body and lines internal organs and cavities.
Q2. Squamous epithelium is best suited for:
A. Protection from friction
B. Absorption
C. Rapid diffusion
D. Secretion
Answer: C
Explanation: Squamous epithelium is thin and flat, allowing rapid diffusion, as seen in alveoli.
Q3. The epithelial tissue lining blood vessels is called:
A. Cuboidal epithelium
B. Ciliated epithelium
C. Stratified epithelium
D. Endothelium
Answer: D
Explanation: Endothelium is a specialized squamous epithelium lining blood vessels.
Q4. Which epithelium is mainly involved in absorption and secretion?
A. Squamous
B. Cuboidal
C. Ciliated
D. Stratified
Answer: B
Explanation: Cuboidal epithelium lines kidney tubules and glands, aiding absorption and secretion.
Q5. Columnar epithelium is commonly found in:
A. Skin
B. Blood vessels
C. Stomach lining
D. Trachea
Answer: C
Explanation: Columnar epithelium lines the digestive tract, helping in absorption and secretion.
Q6. Presence of cilia helps in:
A. Protection
B. Absorption
C. Movement of substances
D. Secretion
Answer: C
Explanation: Cilia beat rhythmically to move materials, such as mucus in the trachea.
Q7. Stratified squamous epithelium is mainly protective because it:
A. Is thin
B. Is single layered
C. Has multiple layers
D. Has cilia
Answer: C
Explanation: Multiple layers provide protection against wear and tear.
Q8. Which tissue forms glands?
A. Nervous tissue
B. Muscular tissue
C. Epithelial tissue
D. Connective tissue
Answer: C
Explanation: Glands are derived from epithelial tissue specialized for secretion.
Q9. Tight junctions in epithelial cells prevent:
A. Cell division
B. Cell movement
C. Leakage between cells
D. Secretion
Answer: C
Explanation: Tight junctions prevent intercellular leakage.
Q10. Which epithelial tissue lines the respiratory tract?
A. Simple cuboidal
B. Simple squamous
C. Ciliated columnar
D. Stratified squamous
Answer: C
Explanation: Ciliated columnar epithelium helps in removing dust and mucus.
Q11. Basement membrane is present between:
A. Two epithelial layers
B. Epithelium and connective tissue
C. Two connective tissues
D. Muscle and nerve tissue
Answer: B
Explanation: Basement membrane separates epithelium from connective tissue.
Q12. Which epithelium shows maximum regeneration capacity?
A. Nervous tissue
B. Muscular tissue
C. Epithelial tissue
D. Connective tissue
Answer: C
Explanation: Epithelial tissue has high regenerative ability.
Q13. Glandular epithelium is specialized for:
A. Absorption
B. Protection
C. Secretion
D. Support
Answer: C
Explanation: Glandular epithelium produces and releases secretions.
Q14. Which epithelium lines the urinary bladder?
A. Squamous
B. Transitional
C. Cuboidal
D. Ciliated
Answer: B
Explanation: Transitional epithelium allows stretching of urinary bladder walls.
Q15. Which feature is absent in epithelial tissue?
A. Cell junctions
B. Basement membrane
C. Blood vessels
D. High regeneration
Answer: C
Explanation: Epithelial tissue is avascular (lacks blood vessels).
Section B: Connective Tissue (Q16–Q30)
Q16. Which connective tissue binds muscles to bones?
A. Ligament
B. Tendon
C. Cartilage
D. Areolar tissue
Answer: B
Explanation: Tendons connect muscle to bone.
Q17. Ligaments connect:
A. Muscle to muscle
B. Muscle to bone
C. Bone to bone
D. Cartilage to bone
Answer: C
Explanation: Ligaments hold bones together at joints.
Q18. Which tissue acts as a packing tissue?
A. Cartilage
B. Areolar tissue
C. Blood
D. Bone
Answer: B
Explanation: Areolar tissue fills spaces and supports internal organs.
Q19. Cartilage lacks:
A. Matrix
B. Cells
C. Blood vessels
D. Fibres
Answer: C
Explanation: Cartilage is avascular, receiving nutrients by diffusion.
Q20. Which connective tissue stores fat?
A. Areolar
B. Adipose
C. Cartilage
D. Dense regular
Answer: B
Explanation: Adipose tissue stores fat and provides insulation.
Q21. Bone cells are called:
A. Chondrocytes
B. Osteocytes
C. Myocytes
D. Erythrocytes
Answer: B
Explanation: Osteocytes are bone cells embedded in a hard matrix.
Q22. Blood is classified as a connective tissue because it:
A. Has fibres
B. Transports materials
C. Is solid
D. Is avascular
Answer: B
Explanation: Blood connects body systems by transporting substances.
Q23. Which component of blood helps in clotting?
A. RBC
B. WBC
C. Plasma
D. Platelets
Answer: D
Explanation: Platelets play a key role in blood clotting.
Q24. Plasma is mainly composed of:
A. Proteins only
B. Water only
C. Water and proteins
D. Lipids only
Answer: C
Explanation: Plasma is mostly water with dissolved proteins.
Q25. Which connective tissue provides elasticity to organs?
A. Dense regular
B. Dense irregular
C. Elastic tissue
D. Areolar
Answer: C
Explanation: Elastic tissue allows stretching and recoil.
Q26. Matrix of bone is rich in:
A. Calcium salts
B. Sodium salts
C. Potassium salts
D. Iron
Answer: A
Explanation: Calcium salts make bones hard and rigid.
Q27. Which connective tissue forms the skeleton of the body?
A. Cartilage
B. Areolar
C. Bone
D. Blood
Answer: C
Explanation: Bones form the skeletal framework.
Q28. Which cells are involved in immune response?
A. RBCs
B. Platelets
C. WBCs
D. Plasma cells
Answer: C
Explanation: WBCs protect the body against infections.
Q29. Fibroblasts secrete:
A. Hormones
B. Antibodies
C. Fibres and matrix
D. Enzymes
Answer: C
Explanation: Fibroblasts produce fibres and ground substance.
Q30. Which tissue connects skin to muscles?
A. Adipose
B. Areolar
C. Cartilage
D. Dense tissue
Answer: B
Explanation: Areolar tissue binds skin to underlying muscles.
Section C: Muscular and Nervous Tissue (Q31–Q50)
Q31. Which muscle is involuntary and striated?
A. Skeletal
B. Smooth
C. Cardiac
D. Visceral
Answer: C
Explanation: Cardiac muscle is striated but involuntary.
Q32. Smooth muscles are found in:
A. Limbs
B. Heart
C. Digestive tract
D. Tongue
Answer: C
Explanation: Smooth muscles line internal organs.
Q33. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones by:
A. Ligaments
B. Tendons
C. Cartilage
D. Fascia
Answer: B
Explanation: Tendons connect skeletal muscles to bones.
Q34. Which muscle shows intercalated discs?
A. Smooth
B. Skeletal
C. Cardiac
D. Visceral
Answer: C
Explanation: Intercalated discs allow rapid impulse conduction.
Q35. Which muscle helps in peristalsis?
A. Skeletal
B. Cardiac
C. Smooth
D. Striated
Answer: C
Explanation: Smooth muscles enable peristaltic movements.
Q36. The functional unit of nervous tissue is:
A. Axon
B. Dendrite
C. Neuron
D. Synapse
Answer: C
Explanation: Neuron is the structural and functional unit of nervous tissue.
Q37. Dendrites receive impulses and carry them towards:
A. Axon terminal
B. Cell body
C. Synapse
D. Nerve fibre
Answer: B
Explanation: Dendrites conduct impulses towards the cell body.
Q38. Axon carries impulses:
A. Towards cell body
B. Between neurons
C. Away from cell body
D. Within nucleus
Answer: C
Explanation: Axon transmits impulses away from the cell body.
Q39. Myelin sheath is produced by:
A. Astrocytes
B. Schwann cells
C. Neurons
D. Microglia
Answer: B
Explanation: Schwann cells form the myelin sheath around axons.
Q40. Nodes of Ranvier help in:
A. Slow conduction
B. Diffusion
C. Saltatory conduction
D. Muscle contraction
Answer: C
Explanation: Impulses jump between nodes, increasing speed of conduction.
Q41. Synapse is the junction between:
A. Two muscles
B. Two neurons
C. Muscle and gland
D. Bone and muscle
Answer: B
Explanation: Synapse connects two neurons.
Q42. Neuroglial cells function to:
A. Conduct impulses
B. Support neurons
C. Secrete hormones
D. Contract muscles
Answer: B
Explanation: Neuroglia provide support, protection, and nutrition.
Q43. Which tissue shows maximum conductivity?
A. Muscle
B. Epithelial
C. Nervous
D. Connective
Answer: C
Explanation: Nervous tissue conducts electrical impulses.
Q44. Voluntary muscles are also called:
A. Smooth
B. Cardiac
C. Skeletal
D. Visceral
Answer: C
Explanation: Skeletal muscles work under conscious control.
Q45. Which muscle type lacks striations?
A. Cardiac
B. Skeletal
C. Smooth
D. Striated
Answer: C
Explanation: Smooth muscles are non-striated.
Q46. Nissl bodies are found in:
A. Axon
B. Dendrite
C. Neuron cell body
D. Synapse
Answer: C
Explanation: Nissl bodies are present in cytoplasm of neuron cell body.
Q47. Which ion plays a major role in nerve impulse transmission?
A. Calcium
B. Potassium
C. Sodium
D. Magnesium
Answer: C
Explanation: Sodium ions are crucial for action potential generation.
Q48. Which muscle fatigues the least?
A. Skeletal
B. Smooth
C. Cardiac
D. Voluntary
Answer: C
Explanation: Cardiac muscle works continuously without fatigue.
Q49. Which tissue coordinates body activities?
A. Muscular
B. Epithelial
C. Nervous
D. Connective
Answer: C
Explanation: Nervous tissue controls and coordinates body functions.
Q50. Which feature is unique to nervous tissue?
A. Contraction
B. Secretion
C. Excitability and conductivity
D. Support
Answer: C
Explanation: Nervous tissue is specialized for receiving and transmitting stimuli.