MCQs on Reproductive Health – CBSE Biology Class 12

Course: CBSE Class 12 Biology | Unit I: Reproduction
NCERT-Based MCQs with Answers and Elaborate Concept-Clearing Explanations

Section A: Introduction to Reproductive Health

Q1. Reproductive health refers to

A. absence of disease only
B. physical well-being only
C. total well-being in reproductive matters
D. population control

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: According to NCERT, reproductive health implies a total well-being in physical, emotional, behavioural and social aspects of reproduction.

Q2. The main aim of reproductive health programmes is to

A. increase birth rate
B. promote unsafe practices
C. create awareness about reproduction
D. prevent fertilisation

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Reproductive health programmes focus on awareness, safe practices, and informed decision-making.

Q3. Which organisation launched the “Reproductive and Child Health (RCH)” programme in India?

A. WHO
B. UNICEF
C. Government of India
D. UNDP

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The Government of India launched the RCH programme to improve reproductive health.

Section B: Population Growth and Birth Control

Q4. Rapid population growth mainly results in

A. improved economy
B. resource abundance
C. pressure on resources
D. increased literacy

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Overpopulation strains food, housing, healthcare, and employment resources.

Q5. Which of the following is a natural method of contraception?

A. IUD
B. Oral pills
C. Lactational amenorrhea
D. Condom

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Lactational amenorrhea prevents ovulation during breastfeeding.

Q6. Barrier methods of contraception prevent pregnancy by

A. stopping ovulation
B. killing sperms
C. preventing sperm-ovum contact
D. inhibiting implantation

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Condoms and diaphragms block sperm entry.

Q7. Which contraceptive also protects against sexually transmitted diseases?

A. Oral pills
B. IUD
C. Condom
D. Sterilisation

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Condoms provide dual protection—contraception and STD prevention.

Section C: Contraceptive Methods

Q8. Copper-T is an example of

A. hormonal contraceptive
B. barrier method
C. intrauterine device
D. surgical method

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Copper-T releases copper ions that suppress sperm activity.

Q9. Oral contraceptive pills mainly function by

A. destroying sperms
B. inhibiting ovulation
C. preventing fertilisation
D. blocking uterus

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Pills contain hormones that inhibit ovulation.

Q10. Emergency contraceptive pills are effective if taken within

A. 12 hours
B. 24 hours
C. 72 hours
D. one week

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: They prevent or delay ovulation if taken within 72 hours.

Q11. Surgical sterilisation in males is called

A. tubectomy
B. hysterectomy
C. vasectomy
D. oophorectomy

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Vasectomy involves cutting and tying the vas deferens.

Q12. Tubectomy is a method of contraception in

A. males
B. females
C. both sexes
D. children

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Tubectomy blocks fallopian tubes in females.

Section D: Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)

Q13. Which of the following is NOT a sexually transmitted disease?

A. AIDS
B. Syphilis
C. Gonorrhoea
D. Malaria

Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Malaria is vector-borne, not sexually transmitted.

Q14. AIDS is caused by

A. bacteria
B. virus
C. protozoa
D. fungus

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: AIDS is caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).

Q15. HIV primarily attacks

A. RBCs
B. platelets
C. helper T-lymphocytes
D. B-cells

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: HIV destroys CD4⁺ T-helper cells, weakening immunity.

Q16. Which practice helps in preventing STDs?

A. multiple partners
B. unprotected sex
C. use of condoms
D. sharing needles

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Condoms significantly reduce STD transmission.

Q17. Early detection of STDs helps in

A. population growth
B. complete immunity
C. effective treatment
D. mutation

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Early diagnosis allows timely medical intervention.

Section E: Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP)

Q18. Medical termination of pregnancy is legal in India up to

A. 12 weeks
B. 20 weeks
C. 28 weeks
D. 9 months

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: As per NCERT, MTP is legally allowed up to 20 weeks.

Q19. One major reason for MTP is

A. population explosion
B. infertility
C. genetic disorders
D. late marriage

Correct Answer: A
Explanation: MTP helps in controlling unwanted pregnancies.

Q20. Unsafe MTP practices can lead to

A. improved health
B. hormonal balance
C. maternal mortality
D. immunity

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Unhygienic procedures may cause severe complications.

Section F: Infertility and Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)

Q21. Inability to conceive even after two years of unprotected intercourse is called

A. sterility
B. infertility
C. impotence
D. menopause

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Infertility may be due to physical or psychological causes.

Q22. IVF stands for

A. In Vivo Fertilisation
B. In Vitro Fertilisation
C. Internal Fertilisation Variant
D. In Vitro Foetus

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: IVF involves fertilisation outside the body.

Q23. The test-tube baby technique involves fertilisation in

A. uterus
B. ovary
C. laboratory dish
D. fallopian tube

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Fertilisation occurs in vitro and embryo is transferred later.

Q24. GIFT involves transfer of

A. zygote into uterus
B. embryo into uterus
C. gametes into fallopian tube
D. sperms into uterus

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: GIFT places gametes directly into fallopian tube.

Q25. ICSI is mainly used when

A. ovulation fails
B. sperms are weak
C. uterus is absent
D. hormones are low

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: ICSI injects sperm directly into ovum.

Section G: Adolescence and Reproductive Health Awareness

Q26. Adolescence is marked by

A. ageing
B. reproductive maturity
C. menopause
D. infertility

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Puberty leads to sexual maturity.

Q27. One major reason for teenage pregnancy is

A. awareness
B. education
C. lack of sex education
D. medical care

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Lack of awareness leads to unsafe practices.

Q28. Sex education helps in

A. encouraging early marriage
B. reducing myths and taboos
C. increasing population
D. causing infertility

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Sex education promotes responsible behaviour.

Section H: Social and Ethical Issues

Q29. Female foeticide is mainly due to

A. poverty
B. gender bias
C. illiteracy only
D. infertility

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Social preference for male children leads to foeticide.

Q30. Prenatal diagnostic techniques should be used to

A. identify sex of foetus
B. terminate pregnancy
C. detect genetic disorders
D. promote gender bias

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: These techniques help detect abnormalities, not sex selection.

Section I: Conceptual and Application-Based MCQs

Q31. Which hormone-based contraceptive is taken orally?

A. Copper-T
B. Diaphragm
C. Oral pills
D. Condom

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Oral pills contain estrogen and progesterone.

Q32. Which contraceptive method is irreversible?

A. Condom
B. Oral pills
C. Vasectomy
D. IUD

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Surgical methods are considered permanent.

Q33. Which STD can be transmitted through blood transfusion?

A. Syphilis
B. Gonorrhoea
C. AIDS
D. Trichomoniasis

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: HIV spreads through infected blood.

Q34. Which ART involves transfer of embryo into uterus?

A. GIFT
B. ZIFT
C. IVF-ET
D. ICSI

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: IVF-ET transfers embryo after fertilisation.

Q35. Which practice reduces population growth effectively?

A. Early marriage
B. Family planning
C. Illiteracy
D. Gender bias

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Family planning promotes small family norms.

Section J: Higher-Order Thinking MCQs

Q36. Why are hormonal contraceptives not recommended without medical advice?

A. They increase fertility
B. They are ineffective
C. They may cause side effects
D. They prevent menstruation permanently

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Hormonal imbalance may occur if misused.

Q37. Which factor mainly contributes to infertility in males?

A. Ovulation failure
B. Low sperm count
C. Blocked oviduct
D. Endometriosis

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Reduced sperm count or motility causes male infertility.

Q38. Why is ART considered expensive?

A. Requires surgery only
B. Needs advanced technology
C. No medical staff
D. No laboratory

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: ART involves sophisticated equipment and expertise.

Q39. Which method prevents both pregnancy and STDs?

A. IUD
B. Oral pills
C. Condom
D. Tubectomy

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Condoms provide dual protection.

Q40. Why is awareness about STDs important?

A. For population growth
B. For social stigma
C. For prevention and early treatment
D. For infertility

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Awareness helps reduce transmission.

Q41. Which age group is most vulnerable to STDs?

A. Infants
B. Adolescents
C. Old age
D. Children

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Adolescents often lack awareness and indulge in risky behaviour.

Q42. Which contraceptive method mimics natural hormonal cycle?

A. Copper-T
B. Oral pills
C. Condom
D. Vasectomy

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Pills contain synthetic hormones.

Q43. Which law prevents misuse of prenatal diagnostic techniques?

A. RCH Act
B. MTP Act
C. PCPNDT Act
D. ART Act

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: PCPNDT Act bans sex determination.

Q44. Which is a correct statement about MTP?

A. Always unsafe
B. Illegal in India
C. Safe if done early by experts
D. Causes infertility always

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Early and medical MTP is safe.

Q45. ART helps mainly in cases of

A. overpopulation
B. infertility
C. pregnancy
D. menstruation

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: ART assists infertile couples.

Q46. Which hormone suppresses ovulation in oral pills?

A. LH
B. FSH
C. Estrogen-progesterone
D. Oxytocin

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Combined hormones inhibit ovulation.

Q47. Which disease weakens immune system severely?

A. Syphilis
B. Gonorrhoea
C. AIDS
D. Hepatitis

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: HIV destroys immune cells.

Q48. Why is small family norm encouraged?

A. Cultural reasons
B. Economic stability
C. Genetic variation
D. Hormonal balance

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Small families improve quality of life.

Q49. Which method is best for spacing children?

A. Vasectomy
B. Tubectomy
C. Oral pills
D. Hysterectomy

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Oral pills are temporary and reversible.

Q50. The ultimate goal of reproductive health education is

A. population explosion
B. gender discrimination
C. responsible reproductive behaviour
D. infertility

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Education promotes informed and healthy choices.

✅ Strictly NCERT-aligned
✅ Ideal for CBSE Class 12 Board Examinations