MCQs on Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production – CBSE Class 12 Biology

Course: CBSE Class 12 Biology
Unit III: Biology and Human Welfare
Topic: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
Strictly as per NCERT | CBSE Board Exam Oriented | Concept-Clearing Explanations

Section A: Animal Husbandry and Dairy Management (Q1–Q15)

Q1. Animal husbandry mainly deals with

A. wildlife conservation
B. care and breeding of farm animals
C. animal behavior
D. animal evolution

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Animal husbandry involves management, feeding, breeding and disease control of domesticated animals.

Q2. The main objective of animal husbandry is to

A. increase animal population
B. improve quality and quantity of animal products
C. prevent animal diseases only
D. conserve endangered species

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Scientific management aims to enhance productivity of milk, meat, eggs and wool.

Q3. Which of the following is a high-yielding indigenous cow breed?

A. Jersey
B. Brown Swiss
C. Sahiwal
D. Holstein

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Sahiwal is a high milk-yielding Indian breed.

Q4. Exotic cattle breeds are preferred because they

A. are disease resistant
B. require less feed
C. have high milk yield
D. survive in all climates

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Exotic breeds like Jersey and Holstein have high milk production.

Q5. Cross-breeding helps in

A. reducing productivity
B. combining desirable traits
C. eliminating native breeds
D. decreasing disease resistance

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Cross-breeding combines high yield of exotic breeds with disease resistance of indigenous breeds.

Q6. Poultry farming is related to production of

A. milk
B. eggs and meat
C. wool
D. honey

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Poultry involves rearing birds for eggs and meat.

Q7. Layers in poultry farming are reared for

A. meat
B. eggs
C. feathers
D. manure

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Layer birds are specialized for egg production.

Q8. Broilers are reared mainly for

A. egg laying
B. milk production
C. meat production
D. wool

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Broilers are fast-growing birds used for meat.

Q9. Balanced diet in poultry includes

A. proteins only
B. carbohydrates only
C. vitamins only
D. proteins, carbohydrates, fats and vitamins

Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Proper nutrition ensures growth, productivity and disease resistance.

Q10. Fish farming is also known as

A. apiculture
B. sericulture
C. pisciculture
D. floriculture

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pisciculture refers to breeding and rearing of fish.

Q11. Which is a freshwater fish?

A. Hilsa
B. Tuna
C. Rohu
D. Sardine

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Rohu is a commonly cultured freshwater fish.

Q12. Composite fish culture involves

A. one species of fish
B. carnivorous fishes only
C. multiple species with different feeding habits
D. marine fishes only

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Different species occupy different niches, increasing yield.

Q13. Apiculture is related to

A. silkworm rearing
B. fish culture
C. honey bee rearing
D. mushroom cultivation

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Apiculture is the practice of maintaining honey bees.

Q14. The main product of apiculture is

A. wax only
B. honey and wax
C. milk
D. silk

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Honey bees produce honey and beeswax.

Q15. Which bee species is commonly used for commercial honey production in India?

A. Apis florea
B. Apis dorsata
C. Apis indica
D. Apis mellifera

Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Apis mellifera is preferred due to high honey yield.

Section B: Plant Breeding and Crop Improvement (Q16–Q30)

Q16. Plant breeding aims at

A. reducing crop yield
B. improving crop varieties
C. eliminating traditional crops
D. increasing pests

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Plant breeding improves yield, quality and resistance.

Q17. Hybridization refers to

A. self-pollination
B. crossing genetically different plants
C. vegetative propagation
D. cloning

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Hybridization combines desirable traits from different varieties.

Q18. Green Revolution led to

A. decrease in food production
B. use of traditional seeds only
C. increase in crop yield
D. organic farming only

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: High-yielding varieties increased food grain production.

Q19. Which crop showed maximum improvement during Green Revolution?

A. Rice
B. Wheat
C. Maize
D. Pulses

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Wheat productivity increased significantly.

Q20. High Yielding Varieties (HYVs) require

A. no fertilizers
B. low irrigation
C. high input of fertilizers and water
D. wild conditions

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: HYVs respond well to fertilizers and irrigation.

Q21. Disease-resistant varieties are developed to

A. reduce yield
B. increase pesticide use
C. reduce crop losses
D. increase weeds

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Resistance minimizes damage caused by pathogens.

Q22. Biofortification aims to

A. increase crop size
B. enhance nutritional quality
C. reduce pest attack
D. increase shelf life only

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Biofortified crops have higher vitamins and minerals.

Q23. Mutation breeding uses

A. fertilizers
B. pesticides
C. radiation or chemicals
D. hybrid seeds

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Mutagens induce genetic variations for improvement.

Q24. Which is a cereal crop?

A. Gram
B. Wheat
C. Mustard
D. Groundnut

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Wheat is a cereal providing carbohydrates.

Q25. Leguminous crops improve soil fertility by

A. absorbing nitrogen
B. fixing atmospheric nitrogen
C. releasing oxygen
D. increasing salinity

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Root nodules with Rhizobium fix nitrogen.

Q26. Genetic diversity in crops helps in

A. uniformity only
B. vulnerability to diseases
C. adaptability and survival
D. elimination of variation

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Diversity increases adaptability to changing environments.

Q27. The first step in plant breeding is

A. hybridization
B. selection of parents
C. testing hybrids
D. commercialization

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Desirable parents are selected before crossing.

Q28. Which crop is rich in protein?

A. Rice
B. Wheat
C. Pulses
D. Sugarcane

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Pulses are protein-rich food crops.

Q29. Seed dormancy is important for

A. immediate germination
B. preventing germination during unfavorable conditions
C. reducing yield
D. killing seeds

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Dormancy ensures seed survival.

Q30. Improved crop varieties should have

A. low yield
B. long maturity period
C. resistance to stresses
D. poor quality

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Stress resistance ensures stable production.

Section C: Microbes in Food Production and Sustainable Practices (Q31–Q50)

Q31. Microorganisms are used in food production mainly for

A. spoilage
B. fermentation
C. pollution
D. disease

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Fermentation enhances taste and nutritional value.

Q32. Bread making involves fermentation by

A. bacteria
B. virus
C. yeast
D. algae

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Yeast produces CO₂, making bread soft.

Q33. Curd formation is due to

A. yeast
B. Lactobacillus
C. virus
D. fungus

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Lactobacillus converts lactose to lactic acid.

Q34. Single Cell Protein (SCP) is produced from

A. plants only
B. animals only
C. microorganisms
D. insects

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: SCP provides protein using microbes like algae and yeast.

Q35. SCP is advantageous because it

A. is expensive
B. requires large land area
C. has high protein content
D. causes pollution

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: SCP is a cheap protein source.

Q36. Biofertilizers help in

A. killing plants
B. increasing soil fertility
C. reducing nutrients
D. soil erosion

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Biofertilizers enrich soil nutrients naturally.

Q37. Rhizobium is a

A. pathogen
B. decomposer
C. nitrogen-fixing bacterium
D. fungus

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Rhizobium fixes atmospheric nitrogen.

Q38. Biogas is produced by

A. algae
B. aerobic bacteria
C. methanogens
D. fungi

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Methanogens produce methane during anaerobic digestion.

Q39. Organic farming avoids the use of

A. manure
B. compost
C. chemical fertilizers
D. biofertilizers

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Organic farming relies on natural inputs.

Q40. Sustainable agriculture aims to

A. exhaust soil nutrients
B. harm environment
C. meet present needs without harming future
D. reduce crop diversity

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Sustainability balances productivity and environment.

Q41. Integrated pest management focuses on

A. heavy pesticide use
B. biological and cultural methods
C. killing all insects
D. chemical control only

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: IPM reduces pesticide dependence.

Q42. Vermicomposting uses

A. bacteria only
B. fungi only
C. earthworms
D. insects

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Earthworms convert waste into nutrient-rich compost.

Q43. Which practice improves soil structure?

A. Excessive ploughing
B. Crop rotation
C. Monoculture
D. Overgrazing

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Crop rotation maintains soil health.

Q44. Blue-green algae help in

A. nitrogen fixation
B. causing diseases
C. pollution
D. pest control

Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Cyanobacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen.

Q45. Which crop is commonly used in green manuring?

A. Rice
B. Sunhemp
C. Wheat
D. Maize

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Sunhemp enriches soil nitrogen.

Q46. Food production can be enhanced sustainably by

A. excessive chemicals
B. monocropping
C. biotechnology and eco-friendly practices
D. deforestation

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Biotechnology and sustainability ensure long-term productivity.

Q47. Aquaculture refers to

A. crop cultivation
B. forest management
C. rearing aquatic organisms
D. poultry farming

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Aquaculture includes fish, prawns and other aquatic organisms.

Q48. Which is NOT a benefit of organic farming?

A. Eco-friendly
B. Improved soil fertility
C. Reduced pollution
D. Immediate high yield

Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Organic farming may not give instant high yields.

Q49. Food security means

A. excess food production
B. availability of safe and nutritious food
C. food export
D. luxury foods

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Food security ensures access to nutritious food for all.

Q50. Enhancement of food production is essential due to

A. decreasing population
B. increasing population
C. surplus resources
D. reduced demand

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Growing population demands increased food production.

✅ End of MCQs – Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production (Class 12 Biology, NCERT)