Economic Activities Around Us – MCQs
MCQs – Economic Activities Around Us
Section 1 — Basics of Economic Activities (Q1–Q20)
Q1. Which of the following is an example of a primary economic activity?
A. Shopkeeping
B. Farming
C. Teaching
D. Banking
Correct Answer: B — Farming
- A: Shopkeeping is tertiary/service activity (distribution), not primary.
- B: Farming directly uses natural resources (soil, water) — a classic primary activity.
- C: Teaching is a service (tertiary sector), not primary.
- D: Banking is a service supporting the economy, so tertiary.
Q2. Which sector is involved in manufacturing goods from raw materials?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
C. Tertiary
D. Quaternary
Correct Answer: B — Secondary
- A: Primary extracts or produces raw materials (not manufacturing).
- B: Secondary sector converts raw materials into finished goods (manufacturing).
- C: Tertiary provides services (transport, banking) — not manufacturing.
- D: Quaternary refers to knowledge-based services; not relevant for Class 6 basics.
Q3. Which of these best defines ‘services’?
A. Tangible goods only
B. Activities that provide help without producing physical goods
C. Farming and mining
D. Building factories
Correct Answer: B
- A: Goods are tangible; services are intangible.
- B: Correct: services are activities (education, transport) that help others without producing tangible goods.
- C: Farming and mining are primary activities (produce goods).
- D: Building factories is secondary (construction/industry), not a service per se.
Q4. A region with fertile alluvial soil and rivers is most suitable for which activity?
A. Tea plantations only
B. Mining exclusively
C. Intensive farming (like rice and wheat)
D. Deep-sea fishing
Correct Answer: C — Intensive farming
- A: Tea prefers hilly, well-drained soils, not flat alluvial plains.
- B: Mining depends on minerals, not necessarily alluvial plains.
- C: Alluvial plains and rivers are ideal for intensive crops like rice and wheat (correct).
- D: Deep-sea fishing is a coastal activity, unrelated to inland plains.
Q5. Which statement is TRUE about trade?
A. Trade reduces the availability of goods.
B. Trade connects producers to consumers.
C. Trade only happens inside villages.
D. Trade makes products disappear.
Correct Answer: B — Trade connects producers to consumers
- A: Incorrect — trade increases distribution and availability.
- B: Correct — trade links producers (farmers, industries) with consumers.
- C: Trade happens locally, nationally, and internationally; not only in villages.
- D: Incorrect and nonsensical — trade circulates goods, not destroys them.
Q6. Which of the following is NOT a tertiary activity?
A. Transport
B. Banking
C. Fishing
D. Education
Correct Answer: C — Fishing
- A: Transport is a service (tertiary).
- B: Banking provides financial services — tertiary.
- C: Fishing extracts natural resources — it’s a primary activity (not tertiary).
- D: Education is a service — tertiary.
Q7. What is meant by ‘livelihood’?
A. Leisure time only
B. Way to earn a living
C. A type of industry
D. A landform
Correct Answer: B — Way to earn a living
- A: Leisure is free time, not livelihood.
- B: Correct — livelihood refers to means of earning income (job, farming, trade).
- C: An industry is a sector, not the definition of livelihood.
- D: A landform is geographic, unrelated to livelihood.
Q8. Which of these statements about natural resources is CORRECT?
A. They have no influence on jobs.
B. They help determine regional economic activities.
C. They are always man-made.
D. They can only be used for tourism.
Correct Answer: B
- A: Incorrect — resources strongly influence local occupations.
- B: Correct — resources like soil, minerals, and climate shape what people do (farming, mining).
- C: Natural resources are natural, not man-made.
- D: Too narrow; resources support many activities beyond tourism.
Q9. Which activity is seasonal and depends on harvest time?
A. Year-round software development
B. Harvesting paddy (rice)
C. Bank accounting work
D. University teaching
Correct Answer: B — Harvesting paddy
- A: Software development usually runs year-round (not seasonal).
- B: Harvesting occurs in specific seasons — seasonal agricultural work.
- C: Banking is continuous (not seasonal).
- D: Teaching typically follows an academic calendar, but is not harvest-dependent.
Q10. Which of the following increases if farmers get better irrigation?
A. Crop failure risk rises only
B. Agricultural productivity and crop yield
C. Immediate disappearance of all pests
D. Decline in all other economic activities
Correct Answer: B — Productivity and crop yield
- A: Better irrigation reduces reliance on erratic rain, decreasing crop failure risk.
- B: Correct — irrigation helps crops grow more reliably and often increases yield.
- C: Irrigation does not automatically eliminate pests.
- D: Not true — other activities are not forced into decline by irrigation improvements.
Q11. Which of these pairs is correctly matched?
A. Coal — Fishing
B. Cotton — Textile industry
C. Tea — Coal mining
D. Wheat — Coal power plants
Correct Answer: B — Cotton → Textile industry
- A: Coal is a mineral, not related to fishing.
- B: Correct — cotton is raw material used by textile mills.
- C: Tea is a crop; coal mining is unrelated.
- D: Wheat is a food crop; coal powers factories but is not directly related to wheat.
Q12. Which activity would be most common in a coastal town?
A. Alpine skiing
B. Deep-sea fishing and port trade
C. Desert camel breeding
D. Large iron ore mining inland
Correct Answer: B — Fishing and port trade
- A: Alpine skiing requires mountains with snow, not coastal towns.
- B: Correct — coastal towns often have fishing and ports for trade.
- C: Desert camel breeding occurs in arid regions, not coastal.
- D: Iron ore mining typically occurs inland near mineral deposits.
Q13. Which is an example of a small-scale industry?
A. Automobile manufacturing plant
B. Handloom weaving by local artisans
C. Steel plant producing rails
D. Large petrochemical refinery
Correct Answer: B — Handloom weaving
- A: Automobile plants are large-scale industries.
- B: Correct — handloom/weaving is typically small, labour-intensive, local.
- C: Steel plants are heavy large-scale industries.
- D: Petrochemical refineries are large and capital-intensive.
Q14. Which of the following best describes ‘mixed farming’?
A. Only growing one crop repeatedly
B. Growing crops and rearing animals together
C. Mining mixed ores
D. Fishing in mixed waters
Correct Answer: B — Growing crops and rearing animals
- A: Monocropping is repeated single-crop farming, not mixed farming.
- B: Correct — mixed farming combines crops with livestock for diversified income.
- C: Mining mixed ores is unrelated to farming.
- D: Fishing is not part of mixed farming definition.
Q15. Where would you most likely find tea plantations?
A. Hot desert plains
B. Rainy hilly regions with cool climate
C. Arctic tundra
D. Urban downtown areas
Correct Answer: B — Rainy hilly regions
- A: Deserts are too dry; tea needs rainfall and good drainage.
- B: Correct — tea thrives in hilly, moist, cool climates (e.g., Assam, Nilgiris).
- C: Arctic conditions are unsuitable for tea.
- D: Urban downtowns do not host plantations.
Q16. What is ‘subsistence farming’?
A. Farming solely to sell in exports
B. Farming mainly to meet family needs
C. A type of industrial production
D. Mining for subsistence
Correct Answer: B — Farming to meet family needs
- A: Export-oriented farming is commercial, not subsistence.
- B: Correct — subsistence farmers produce mostly for household consumption.
- C: It is an agricultural pattern, not industry.
- D: Mining is not farming.
Q17. Which mode of transport is most suitable for long-distance heavy goods in a country?
A. Bicycle
B. Railway
C. Small hand-cart
D. Walking
Correct Answer: B — Railway
- A: Bicycle is only for short/light transport.
- B: Correct — railways efficiently move heavy goods long distances.
- C: Hand-carts are local; not ideal for long distances/heavy loads.
- D: Walking is impractical for heavy goods or long distances.
Q18. What is the main purpose of trade?
A. To reduce production
B. To exchange goods and services between people/regions
C. To forbid sharing of goods
D. To make goods invisible
Correct Answer: B — Exchange goods and services
- A: Trade does not reduce production; it helps distribute it.
- B: Correct — trade facilitates exchange between producers and consumers.
- C: Trade encourages sharing/exchange rather than forbidding it.
- D: Nonsense — trade makes goods visible in markets.
Q19. Which of the following is an example of a quaternary activity (knowledge-based)?
A. Mining coal
B. Teaching research scientists and data processing
C. Selling vegetables in a market
D. Sweeping the street
Correct Answer: B — Research/data processing
- A: Mining is primary.
- B: Correct — quaternary sector includes information, research, IT, and knowledge services.
- C: Selling vegetables is tertiary (retail).
- D: Street sweeping is tertiary (service) but not quaternary.
Q20. Time-use surveys mainly record:
A. How people spend their time on various tasks (including unpaid household work)
B. Only the paid jobs data
C. The cost of goods in markets
D. Only government records
Correct Answer: A — How people spend their time
- A: Correct — time-use surveys capture both paid and unpaid activities, making invisible work visible.
- B: Surveys often include unpaid household tasks as well.
- C: Market prices are not the main focus of time-use surveys.
- D: They are research tools, not just government records.
Section 2 — Farming & Agriculture (Q21–Q40)
Q21. Which of these is a Kharif crop in India?
A. Wheat
B. Rice (in many regions)
C. Barley
D. Oats
Correct Answer: B — Rice (Kharif)
- A: Wheat is mainly a Rabi crop (winter).
- B: Rice is commonly a Kharif crop sown during monsoon.
- C: Barley is often Rabi or winter crop.
- D: Oats are not a primary Indian crop of the NCERT focus.
Q22. Terrace farming is practiced to:
A. Grow crops on steep slopes and reduce soil erosion
B. Make deserts greener
C. Harvest fish in mountain streams
D. Build skyscrapers
Correct Answer: A — Farming on slopes and reduce erosion
- A: Correct — terraces create flat steps on hills to farm safely.
- B: Terracing does not directly transform deserts.
- C: Terrace farming is for crops, not fish harvesting.
- D: Irrelevant.
Q23. Which factor is LEAST important for crop selection?
A. Climate and rainfall
B. Soil type
C. Political party in power
D. Market demand
Correct Answer: C — Political party
- A: Climate and rainfall determine what crops can grow.
- B: Soil type is crucial for crop success.
- C: While policies matter, the specific political party is not a direct agronomic factor for selecting crops — least important among options.
- D: Market demand influences farmers’ choices.
Q24. Which crop is commonly associated with tea plantations?
A. Cotton
B. Tea (Camellia sinensis)
C. Maize
D. Mustard
Correct Answer: B — Tea
- A: Cotton is a fibre crop, not tea.
- B: Correct — tea plantations grow the tea plant.
- C: Maize is a cereal, not grown in tea estates.
- D: Mustard is an oilseed grown in plains.
Q25. What happens when soil becomes overused without rest (fallow period)?
A. Soil fertility decreases
B. Soil turns into gold
C. Soil becomes immune to erosion
D. Crops always improve
Correct Answer: A — Soil fertility decreases
- A: Correct — continuous cropping without fallow depletes nutrients.
- B: Nonsense.
- C: Overuse can increase erosion risk; not make immune.
- D: Continuous overuse usually reduces, not improves, crop yields.
Q26. Which is a common method of irrigation?
A. Rain dancing
B. Canals and tube wells
C. Flying water planes
D. Solar stoves
Correct Answer: B — Canals and tube wells
- A: Rain dancing is a cultural myth, not a method of irrigation.
- B: Correct — canals, tube wells, drip, and sprinkler systems are real irrigation methods.
- C: Not a practical irrigation method.
- D: Solar stoves are cooking devices, not irrigation.
Q27. Which agricultural practice helps conserve soil and water: crop rotation or monocropping?
A. Monocropping
B. Neither
C. Crop rotation
D. None of these
Correct Answer: C — Crop rotation
- A: Monocropping can deplete soil nutrients.
- B: Incorrect — crop rotation is beneficial.
- C: Correct — rotating crops replenishes nutrients and breaks pest cycles.
- D: Redundant.
Q28. Which animal is commonly reared in mixed farming for milk production?
A. Crocodile
B. Cow or buffalo
C. Eagle
D. Shark
Correct Answer: B — Cow or buffalo
- A: Crocodiles are not typical livestock for milk.
- B: Correct — cows/buffaloes are reared for milk alongside crop farming.
- C: Eagles are wild birds; not reared for milk.
- D: Sharks are marine; not part of mixed farming.
Q29. Which statement about Green Revolution is TRUE?
A. It introduced high-yielding varieties and improved irrigation to increase food production.
B. It meant painting farms green.
C. It reduced yields everywhere.
D. It only promoted tea.
Correct Answer: A — Introduced HYVs and irrigation
- A: Correct — Green Revolution used HYV seeds, fertilizers, and better irrigation for higher yields.
- B: Literal and incorrect.
- C: It increased yields in many regions (though with environmental concerns).
- D: It covered cereals (wheat, rice), not only tea.
Q30. Which of the following is not a crop rotation benefit?
A. Reduces soil nutrient depletion
B. Lowers pest and disease buildup
C. Improves soil structure
D. Guarantees unlimited water supply
Correct Answer: D — Guarantees unlimited water
- A: Crop rotation helps maintain nutrients.
- B: Rotating crops breaks pest cycles.
- C: Proper rotation contributes to better soil health.
- D: It cannot ensure more water; irrigation determines water availability.
Q31. Which crop requires a lot of water and is commonly grown in marshy fields?
A. Cotton
B. Rice
C. Mustard
D. Millet
Correct Answer: B — Rice
- A: Cotton prefers well-drained soils; not waterlogged.
- B: Correct — paddy fields are flooded; rice is water-intensive.
- C: Mustard grows in drier conditions than rice.
- D: Millet is drought-tolerant; not water-demanding like rice.
Q32. Which of the following is an example of shifting cultivation?
A. Terrace farming in hills
B. Jhum cultivation practiced in some forest regions
C. Intensive paddy cultivation on plains
D. Commercial tea gardens
Correct Answer: B — Jhum cultivation
- A: Terrace farming is a stable method on hills, not shifting.
- B: Correct — jhum is a form of shifting agriculture practiced in NE India.
- C: Intensive paddy on plains is not shifting cultivation.
- D: Tea gardens are permanent commercial plantations.
Q33. What is the main reason some farmers cannot use modern machines?
A. They prefer manual labour always
B. Lack of money and small landholdings
C. Machines do not exist anywhere
D. Government bans machines
Correct Answer: B — Lack of money and small lands
- A: While some may prefer traditional ways, finance and land size are bigger constraints.
- B: Correct — cost and land fragmentation prevent many from mechanising.
- C: Machines do exist, but access is limited.
- D: Governments do not generally ban farming machines.
Q34. Which is an example of an agro-based industry?
A. Software development company
B. Sugar mill using sugarcane
C. Coal mining company
D. Airline service
Correct Answer: B — Sugar mill
- A: Software is IT service, not agro-based.
- B: Correct — sugar mills process agricultural produce (sugarcane).
- C: Coal mining is mineral-based industry.
- D: Airlines are service industries.
Q35. Organic farming mainly avoids which of the following?
A. Using traditional seeds
B. Using chemical fertilizers and pesticides
C. Using compost and crop rotation
D. Promoting biodiversity
Correct Answer: B — Chemical fertilizers and pesticides
- A: Organic farming can use traditional or improved seeds compatible with organic norms.
- B: Correct — organic farming avoids synthetic chemicals, using natural inputs instead.
- C: Compost and rotation are typical organic practices (not avoided).
- D: Organic farming often promotes biodiversity.
Q36. The land left uncultivated for a season to restore fertility is called:
A. Fallow land
B. Factory land
C. Urban land
D. Floating land
Correct Answer: A — Fallow land
- A: Correct — fallow land rests to regain fertility.
- B: Factory land is industrial, not farmland resting.
- C: Urban land is city area, not relevant.
- D: Floating land is not an agricultural term here.
Q37. Which crop is associated with plantation agriculture rather than small-holder farming?
A. Potatoes in kitchen gardens
B. Tea in large estates
C. Small-scale vegetable plots
D. Backyard fruit trees
Correct Answer: B — Tea plantations
- A: Potatoes are often small-holder or field crops, not plantation-scale.
- B: Correct — tea is typically grown on large estates (plantations).
- C: Vegetables are usually small-holder.
- D: Backyard fruit trees are domestic scale.
Q38. Which of these is a consequence of excessive use of chemical fertilisers?
A. Soil nutrient balance may be disrupted
B. Immediate improvement of human memory
C. Soil becomes invincible
D. Crops stop growing instantly forever
Correct Answer: A — Nutrient balance disrupted
- A: Correct — overuse can harm soil health, cause salinity or nutrient imbalance.
- B: Not a factual outcome.
- C: Not true — chemicals can damage soil structure, not protect it.
- D: Not immediate; long-term misuse may reduce yields, but not instant stoppage forever.
Q39. Which practice helps increase agricultural production sustainably?
A. Overusing groundwater without recharge
B. Balanced fertiliser use and crop rotation
C. Cutting down all trees near fields
D. Ignoring pests completely
Correct Answer: B — Balanced fertiliser and rotation
- A: Unsustainable and depletes aquifers.
- B: Correct — sustainable practices maintain soil health and yields.
- C: Removing trees can increase erosion and reduce biodiversity.
- D: Ignoring pests harms yields.
Q40. Which of the following best describes commercial farming?
A. Farming just for subsistence
B. Farming with the primary aim of selling produce in markets
C. A type of industry unrelated to agriculture
D. Planting only flowers at home
Correct Answer: B — Farming for market sale
- A: That is subsistence farming.
- B: Correct — commercial farming focuses on profit and market supply.
- C: It is linked to agriculture, not unrelated.
- D: Flower planting at home might be hobby-scale, not commercial by default.
Section 3 — Trade & Markets (Q41–Q60)
Q41. What is a weekly market (haat) in rural India mainly used for?
A. Hosting sports exclusively
B. Farmers and artisans selling and buying goods locally
C. Military exercises
D. Only political rallies
Correct Answer: B — Farmers and artisans trade locally
- A: Sports might occur, but haats are primarily market spaces.
- B: Correct — haats facilitate local exchange and livelihoods.
- C: Irrelevant.
- D: Political rallies may happen but are not the haat’s main purpose.
Q42. Which among these is an export item of India historically?
A. Tea and spices
B. Ice from Arctic
C. Local street dust
D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A — Tea and spices
- A: Correct — India historically exported tea, spices, textiles, etc.
- B: Arctic ice is unrelated to India.
- C: Nonsensical.
- D: Incorrect; option A is correct.
Q43. Which institution helps farmers by providing loans and saving facilities?
A. Sports clubs
B. Banks and cooperative societies
C. Movie theatres
D. Weather stations
Correct Answer: B — Banks/cooperatives
- A: Sports clubs do not typically provide financial services.
- B: Correct — banks and cooperatives give credit and banking support to farmers.
- C: Entertainment venues are not financial institutions.
- D: Weather stations provide data, not loans.
Q44. Which transport mode is most suitable for perishable goods (fruits, vegetables) over short distances?
A. Rail freight with long delays
B. Refrigerated trucks or road transport
C. Hand-delivered by mail over weeks
D. Deep-sea shipping for local towns
Correct Answer: B — Refrigerated trucks/road
- A: Rail can be used, but for short, timely delivery, road refrigerated trucks are better.
- B: Correct — cooling and road speed help perishable goods reach markets fresh.
- C: Too slow for perishables.
- D: Deep-sea is for long-distance international shipping, not local short distances.
Q45. Which is a reason why international trade is important?
A. It isolates countries from each other.
B. It allows countries to obtain goods they do not produce locally.
C. It makes all local goods illegal.
D. It prevents cultural exchange.
Correct Answer: B — Access to non-produced goods
- A: International trade connects rather than isolates nations.
- B: Correct — trade gives access to resources, technology, and goods not locally available.
- C: False statement.
- D: Trade often promotes cultural exchange, not prevent it.
Q46. Which document is commonly used to record details of goods being transported internationally?
A. Passport only
B. Bill of lading / shipping documents
C. School report card
D. Local grocery receipt only
Correct Answer: B — Bill of lading
- A: Passport identifies people, not goods.
- B: Correct — bill of lading lists goods and terms involved in shipping.
- C: Irrelevant.
- D: Local receipts are not comprehensive international shipping documents.
Q47. Which market helps buyers and sellers meet and set prices for goods?
A. Stock market only
B. Any regular market, such as weekly village haat or city market
C. Military base
D. Ruins of ancient buildings
Correct Answer: B — Any regular market
- A: Stock markets are specialized; but general markets also set prices through demand/supply — so B is broader and correct.
- B: Correct — local markets are where supply and demand determine prices.
- C: Not a marketplace.
- D: Ruins are not active markets.
Q48. Which factor reduces trade in remote, hilly regions?
A. Excellent roads and transport
B. Difficult terrain and poor connectivity
C. High availability of ports
D. Abundant market infrastructure
Correct Answer: B — Difficult terrain
- A: Would increase trade, not reduce it.
- B: Correct — remote hilly areas often face poor connectivity, limiting trade.
- C: Ports are coastal and facilitate trade; remote hills lack them.
- D: Abundant markets boost trade, not reduce.
Q49. What role do middlemen/traders often play?
A. They destroy goods purposely
B. They act as link between producers and consumers and bear storage/transport costs
C. They prevent any exchange from happening
D. They only produce raw materials themselves
Correct Answer: B — Link between producers and consumers
- A: Incorrect — ethical traders facilitate trade rather than destroy goods.
- B: Correct — traders buy, store, transport, and sell goods, connecting producers and buyers.
- C: Incorrect — their role is the opposite.
- D: Middlemen typically don’t produce raw materials; they distribute them.
Q50. Which of these is an effect of improved transport infrastructure on trade?
A. Slower movement of goods and higher costs
B. Faster movement of goods, lower cost and broader market reach
C. Complete stoppage of trade
D. Increase in only local isolation
Correct Answer: B — Faster movement, lower costs
- A: Opposite of reality — better roads/rails speed up and reduce costs.
- B: Correct — infrastructure upgrades improve trade efficiency and access to markets.
- C: Untrue — typically trade increases.
- D: Improved transport reduces isolation, not increase it.
Q51. Which of the following would a trader most worry about?
A. Better roads to markets
B. Transport strikes blocking movement of goods
C. Stable power supply to warehouses
D. Demand for products in markets
Correct Answer: B — Transport strikes
- A: Better roads are beneficial, not a worry.
- B: Correct — strikes can halt trade and cause losses.
- C: Stable power helps operations — not a worry.
- D: Demand is good for traders — not a worry unless it collapses.
Q52. Which activity increases when a region begins exporting its products?
A. Trade and earning of foreign exchange
B. Complete cessation of production
C. Loss of all jobs
D. No economic change
Correct Answer: A — Trade and foreign exchange
- A: Correct — exports increase trade volume and bring foreign currency.
- B: Exports complement production, not stop it.
- C: Exports usually create jobs, not destroy them.
- D: Exports generally cause significant economic changes.
Q53. Which of the following is a barrier to trade in some regions?
A. Good market information and connectivity
B. Poor road networks and lack of storage
C. Lower production costs
D. Excess demand everywhere
Correct Answer: B — Poor roads and storage
- A: These promote trade, not barrier.
- B: Correct — weak infrastructure and storage constrain trade.
- C: Lower costs ease trade.
- D: Excess demand generally encourages trade expansion.
Q54. Which practice helps farmers get better prices by bypassing middlemen?
A. Selling produce only to local shopkeepers at low rates
B. Direct farmer markets/mandis or cooperative marketing
C. Burning their produce
D. Hiding their harvest indefinitely
Correct Answer: B — Direct markets or cooperatives
- A: Often leaves farmers at disadvantage.
- B: Correct — direct market access can increase farmer incomes by reducing intermediary margins.
- C: Destructive and pointless.
- D: Hiding produce harms the farmer financially.
Q55. Which of the following improves market access for remote villages?
A. Building all-weather roads and better transport
B. Reducing communication networks
C. Removing local markets
D. Increasing isolation policies
Correct Answer: A — Roads and transport
- A: Correct — good roads/transport allow producers to reach broader markets.
- B: Poor communication hinders market knowledge.
- C: Removing markets reduces access.
- D: Isolation policies would be counterproductive.
Q56. Which of these is a national-level trade example?
A. Selling vegetables in a village hut
B. Moving wheat from Punjab to Kerala
C. Exporting tea to another country
D. Street vending in the same town
Correct Answer: B — Inter-state trade
- A: Local trade.
- B: Correct — trade between states is national trade.
- C: Exports are international trade.
- D: Local trade again.
Q57. How do fairs and exhibitions help trade?
A. They distract people from buying anything
B. They bring producers and buyers together, showcase new products and attract large audiences
C. They stop goods from being produced
D. They only show old goods never to be sold
Correct Answer: B — Connect producers and buyers
- A: Not typically; fairs often boost sales.
- B: Correct — exhibitions promote products, foster contracts, and increase market linkages.
- C: Not true.
- D: Fairs often promote new products and sales.
Q58. Which of the following helps in preserving perishable goods for trade?
A. Refrigeration and cold storage
B. Leaving them under the sun for days
C. Rain exposure
D. Buried underground immediately
Correct Answer: A — Refrigeration/cold storage
- A: Correct — cold chain preserves freshness and extends shelf life.
- B: Sun exposure spoils perishables.
- C: Rain can cause rot.
- D: Burying is not a practical preservation method for most perishables.
Q59. Which of these is true about exporters?
A. They sell goods to buyers in other countries and earn foreign exchange.
B. They never need to document shipments.
C. They make goods disappear.
D. They only sell within the same village.
Correct Answer: A — Sell internationally & earn foreign exchange
- A: Correct — exporters ship goods abroad and bring in foreign currency.
- B: Exporting requires documentation (customs, bills).
- C: Incorrect.
- D: That is local trade, not exporting.
Q60. A trade embargo restricts trade usually because:
A. Countries want to encourage more trade
B. Political or economic disagreements lead to limiting trade
C. Everyone is happy to trade more with each other
D. It is a farming technique
Correct Answer: B — Political/economic disagreements
- A: Embargo is opposite of encouragement.
- B: Correct — embargoes are political/economic measures to limit exchange.
- C: Not consistent with embargo.
- D: Not related to farming.
Section 4 — Industry & Manufacturing (Q61–Q80)
Q61. Which industry is likely to be set up near a cotton-producing area?
A. Textile mill
B. Coal-fired power plant unrelated to cotton
C. Deep-sea fishing factory
D. Ski resort
Correct Answer: A — Textile mill
- A: Correct — textile mills use local cotton, reducing transport costs.
- B: Coal plants depend on coal locations; not specifically cotton.
- C: Fishing factories are coastal; irrelevant to cotton.
- D: Ski resorts depend on snow — unrelated.
Q62. Heavy industries usually require which of the following?
A. No capital and few workers
B. Large capital, raw materials, and energy supply
C. Only sunlight and no raw materials
D. Ordinary kitchen utensils only
Correct Answer: B — Large capital and energy
- A: Heavy industries are capital-intensive.
- B: Correct — they need raw materials, energy, and huge investments.
- C: Sunlight alone is insufficient.
- D: Oversimplified and incorrect.
Q63. Which of these is an environmental concern related to industries?
A. Reduced pollution
B. Industrial waste causing water and air pollution
C. Increased forest coverage always
D. Spreading wild flowers everywhere
Correct Answer: B — Industrial pollution
- A: Some industries may reduce pollution with tech, but many cause pollution.
- B: Correct — factories can emit pollutants and discharge waste into rivers if not managed.
- C: Industrialization often reduces forest cover if expansion is not planned sustainably.
- D: Not a general outcome of industries.
Q64. Where are mineral-based industries usually located?
A. Far away from mineral deposits
B. Near mineral sources to reduce transport cost of raw materials
C. On the moon
D. Only inside schools
Correct Answer: B — Near mineral sources
- A: It is inefficient and costly to be far from raw materials.
- B: Correct — proximity reduces raw material transport costs and is practical.
- C: Not currently viable.
- D: Nonsensical.
Q65. Which characteristic best describes small-scale industries?
A. Large capital and mass production
B. Low investment, local workforce, traditional skills
C. Always located offshore only
D. Require rocket scientists exclusively
Correct Answer: B — Low investment and local skills
- A: Large capital is a feature of large-scale industry, not small-scale.
- B: Correct — small industries like handicrafts are labour-intensive and local.
- C: Small industries can be anywhere, not necessarily offshore.
- D: Not necessary — small industries typically use traditional craft skills.
Q66. Which of the following could be an agro-processing industry?
A. Textile dyeing that uses imported synthetic fibres only
B. Flour mill that processes wheat into flour
C. Software code compilation firm
D. Airline services
Correct Answer: B — Flour mill
- A: If it uses agricultural fibres, it could be agro-related, but importing synthetics makes it less agro-based.
- B: Correct — flour mills process agricultural produce, so agro-based.
- C: Software is a service/IT industry, not agro-processing.
- D: Airlines are services, not agro-processing.
Q67. What is one reason industries create urbanisation?
A. They create jobs that attract rural people to towns and cities
B. They make villages empty by law only
C. Industries never affect population distribution
D. They force animals to move instead
Correct Answer: A — Jobs attract people to cities
- A: Correct — job opportunities in factories and services draw rural migrants to urban areas.
- B: Urbanisation is not enforced by law in general.
- C: Industries have strong effects on population movement.
- D: Not the primary effect.
Q68. Which of these is a benefit of industrial growth in a region?
A. Employment and infrastructure development
B. Total elimination of all farms overnight
C. Making the area uninhabitable immediately
D. Reducing all trade permanently
Correct Answer: A — Employment & infrastructure
- A: Correct — industries create jobs, roads, and utility improvements.
- B: Not immediate; industrialisation may change land use gradually.
- C: Poorly planned industrial growth can harm the environment but not necessarily make it uninhabitable immediately.
- D: Industry often increases trade, not reduce it.
Q69. Which term best fits the conversion of raw sugarcane into sugar?
A. Primary extraction
B. Secondary/processing activity (industry)
C. Tertiary service
D. Quaternary knowledge job
Correct Answer: B — Secondary/processing
- A: Primary is producing sugarcane, not processing it.
- B: Correct — processing cane into sugar is secondary activity (industry).
- C: Services include selling/transport, not the processing itself.
- D: Not a knowledge-only role.
Q70. Why do industries need good transport links?
A. To make raw materials and finished goods easily available and reduce costs
B. To stop goods moving at all
C. To hide products from consumers
D. Transport links are irrelevant to industries
Correct Answer: A — To move inputs and outputs efficiently
- A: Correct — proximity to transport reduces costs and speeds delivery.
- B: Opposite effect.
- C: Nonsense.
- D: Transport is crucial for industry operations.
Q71. Which of the following is a light industry example?
A. Handicraft and leather goods workshop
B. Steel blast furnace producing rails
C. Large shipbuilding yard
D. Coal mining complex
Correct Answer: A — Handicraft workshop
- A: Correct — light industries have lower capital requirements and smaller scale.
- B: Heavy industry.
- C: Heavy and capital-intensive.
- D: Mining is primary, but heavy industry-related.
Q72. Which energy source is often used by industries in areas lacking electricity?
A. Solar power (increasingly used) and diesel generators
B. Fairy dust
C. Human wishes
D. Only candles
Correct Answer: A — Solar and diesel generators
- A: Correct — in remote areas industries may rely on diesel generators and increasingly solar power for electricity.
- B/C/D: Not realistic energy sources for industries.
Q73. Which of the following shows value addition by industry?
A. Turning raw jute into ropes and bags
B. Letting raw produce rot in fields
C. Selling raw crops only in field without processing forever
D. Burning raw materials for fun
Correct Answer: A — Value addition by processing
- A: Correct — transforming raw materials into finished goods adds value and income.
- B/C/D: Not value-adding practices.
Q74. Which is the most likely reason a factory might set up near a port city?
A. To increase distance from markets
B. To reduce shipping costs for imports/exports
C. To hide from customers
D. To only employ sea creatures
Correct Answer: B — Reduce shipping costs
- A: Factories prefer proximity to ports to reduce costs, not increase distance.
- B: Correct — ports offer easy access for exports/imports, beneficial for industries.
- C: Factories usually want market access.
- D: Silly.
Q75. Which industry depends heavily on mineral deposits like iron ore?
A. Steel industry
B. Tailoring of garments
C. Ice cream stalls
D. Book clubs
Correct Answer: A — Steel industry
- A: Correct — steel plants need iron ore as a key raw material.
- B: Garment making uses textiles, not iron ore.
- C/D: Not dependent on minerals.
Q76. What is an environmental measure industries can take to be sustainable?
A. Treat waste before discharge and use pollution control equipment
B. Dump waste directly into rivers always
C. Remove all safety measures to save money
D. Never plant trees around the site
Correct Answer: A — Treat waste and use controls
- A: Correct — wastewater treatment and filters reduce environmental damage.
- B/C/D: Harmful and unsustainable.
Q77. Which of these best describes cottage industries?
A. Small, home-based industries using traditional skills like pottery, weaving
B. Large-scale heavy manufacturing plants
C. Factories on other planets only
D. Only online tech startups
Correct Answer: A — Cottage industries
- A: Correct — cottage industries are small-scale, home-centered crafts.
- B: That is the opposite.
- C/D: Irrelevant here.
Q78. Which factor attracts industries to a region?
A. Availability of raw materials, labor, water, and transport
B. No available labor and lack of infrastructure
C. Complete absence of power and roads
D. Inaccessibility and high shipping costs
Correct Answer: A — Raw materials, labor, water, transport
- A: Correct — industries seek resource availability and connectivity.
- B/C/D: These are deterrents, not attractors.
Q79. Which industry contributes to earning foreign exchange for a country?
A. Export-oriented industries like textile exports and software services
B. Domestic-only petty shops with no exports
C. Only activities that receive no foreign payment
D. None at all
Correct Answer: A — Export industries
- A: Correct — exports bring foreign currency into the country.
- B: Domestic shops serve local markets, not foreign exchange earners.
- C/D: Incorrect.
Q80. Which of the following is a consequence of industrialization?
A. Job creation, urban growth, and environmental challenges
B. Instant disappearance of all cities
C. Blocking all trade permanently
D. Increasing only agricultural land continuously
Correct Answer: A — Jobs, urban growth, environmental challenges
- A: Correct — industrialization spurs jobs/urbanisation but can create pollution and social changes.
- B/C/D: Not realistic outcomes of industrialization.
Section 5 — Services, Geography & Interdependence (Q81–Q100)
Q81. Which city is known as an IT hub in India (example for students)?
A. Bengaluru (Bangalore)
B. Desert Oasis only
C. Mountain peak with no internet
D. Remote island with no offices
Correct Answer: A — Bengaluru
- A: Correct — Bengaluru is widely known for IT companies and tech parks.
- B/C/D: Not accurate or are hypothetical; real-world IT hubs are in cities with infrastructure.
Q82. Which service is essential to connect farmers to markets?
A. Transport services (trucks, rail)
B. Space tourism only
C. Only theatre performances
D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A — Transport services
- A: Correct — transport moves agricultural produce to markets quickly and safely.
- B/C/D: Not directly involved in connecting farmers to markets.
Q83. Which of the following best shows interdependence?
A. Farmers produce food → Food processing industries make products → Traders sell → Transport & banking support the chain
B. Each sector works alone with no relations
C. Only one sector exists globally
D. Nature does everything without people
Correct Answer: A — Example chain
- A: Correct — demonstrates how sectors rely on each other.
- B/C/D: Incorrect; economies function via interplay of sectors.
Q84. How does education (a service) contribute to economic activities?
A. By training skilled people who work in farms, industries, and services
B. By stopping all learning
C. By removing jobs always
D. By lowering productivity forever
Correct Answer: A — Trains skilled people
- A: Correct — education equips people with skills that improve productivity across sectors.
- B/C/D: Incorrect negative statements.
Q85. Which of these geographic regions is most suited for fishing?
A. Coastal regions with access to the sea
B. High mountain interiors with no water bodies
C. Deep deserts only
D. Arctic ice caps only (not relevant to India)
Correct Answer: A — Coastal regions
- A: Correct — proximity to sea and ports supports fishing activity.
- B/C/D: Not suitable in Indian context.
Q86. Which of following helps balance region-specific economic activities?
A. Trade that transfers goods from surplus to deficit regions
B. Preventing any movement of goods across regions
C. Isolating all communities
D. Locking markets permanently
Correct Answer: A — Trade balances surpluses and deficits
- A: Correct — trade distributes resources where needed.
- B/C/D: Isolation harms balance.
Q87. Which service sector earns large foreign exchange for India?
A. IT and software services (outsourcing)
B. Local street vending only
C. Village-only barter exchange
D. Backyard hobby clubs only
Correct Answer: A — IT and software services
- A: Correct — IT exports and services are major foreign exchange earners for India.
- B/C/D: These are mainly domestic and do not generate significant foreign exchange.
Q88. Which of these can improve a region’s economic prospects?
A. Building schools, hospitals, and improving roads
B. Reducing education and health facilities
C. Blocking markets and transport all the time
D. Discouraging all entrepreneurship
Correct Answer: A — Infrastructure & human development
- A: Correct — infrastructure and services attract investment and boost productivity.
- B/C/D: Opposite, would harm prospects.
Q89. Which factor could cause a region to specialise in a particular activity?
A. Natural resources (like minerals or fertile soil)
B. Complete absence of any resources or transport forever
C. Random guessing by people every year
D. No influence at all from geography
Correct Answer: A — Natural resources
- A: Correct — resources and climate are prime determinants of specialisation.
- B/C/D: Unrealistic or incorrect.
Q90. An area with many hospitals and schools reflects growth in which sector?
A. Tertiary (services) sector
B. Primary sector only
C. Mining sector exclusively
D. None of them
Correct Answer: A — Tertiary sector
- A: Correct — hospitals and schools are service providers in tertiary sector.
- B: Primary sector is agriculture/mining, not hospitals/schools.
- C: Not accurate.
Q91. Which of the following is an example of public service that supports economic activities?
A. Roads and public transport
B. Unmarked trails only
C. Closed private properties with no access
D. Idle heritage monuments with no care
Correct Answer: A — Roads and transport
- A: Correct — public transport and roads reduce transaction costs and connect markets.
- B/C/D: Not examples of supportive public services.
Q92. How does banking service help farmers and small industries?
A. By providing loans, saving facilities, and credit for investment
B. By forbidding saving money at all
C. By taking away all funds at once randomly
D. By being absent entirely
Correct Answer: A — Loans and savings
- A: Correct — banking provides financial tools to invest in seeds, machines, and working capital.
- B/C/D: Incorrect and detrimental.
Q93. Which of these statements is TRUE about tourism?
A. It creates jobs in hotels, transport, and guiding and promotes cultural exchange
B. It destroys all jobs always
C. It is never a source of income for local people
D. It only harms heritage sites always
Correct Answer: A — Creates jobs & cultural exchange
- A: Correct — tourism provides employment and earns revenue while often promoting local culture.
- B/C/D: Overstatements and untrue generalizations.
Q94. Which action by a community can show respect to local workers and improve social harmony?
A. Appreciating and thanking sanitation workers and including them in community events
B. Mocking and excluding them always
C. Denying them basic facilities intentionally
D. Burning their tools publicly
Correct Answer: A — Appreciation and inclusion
- A: Correct — showing respect uplifts dignity of labour and social cohesion.
- B/C/D: Harmful and discriminatory actions; wrong.
Q95. Which of the following best helps make unpaid household work visible in statistics?
A. Conducting time-use surveys and counting household chores
B. Ignoring such activities forever
C. Only counting market transactions
D. Banning data collection
Correct Answer: A — Time-use surveys
- A: Correct — these surveys capture hours spent on unpaid domestic labour and highlight contribution.
- B/C/D: Would keep work invisible.
Q96. How can schools promote dignity of labour among students?
A. By organizing cleanliness drives, inviting artisans, and teaching respect for all jobs
B. By making mockery of certain professions
C. By hiding all kinds of work from students
D. By encouraging students to never learn practical skills
Correct Answer: A — Practical activities & respect teaching
- A: Correct — hands-on activities and interactions with workers build respect.
- B/C/D: Negative approaches that promote discrimination or ignorance.
Q97. Which is an example of a public initiative that can support unpaid caregivers?
A. Setting up community childcare centres and respite services
B. Penalising caregivers for helping families
C. Reducing social protection only for caregivers
D. Ignoring the needs of caregivers completely
Correct Answer: A — Community childcare & support
- A: Correct — public services reduce burden and recognize caregiving work.
- B/C/D: Harmful and counterproductive.
Q98. Why is it important to include examples from local area in geography/economic lessons?
A. It helps students relate theory to real-life contexts and understand region-specific activities
B. It confuses students always
C. It never helps learning at all
D. It is only for entertainment, not learning
Correct Answer: A — Relates theory to local reality
- A: Correct — local examples make abstract ideas concrete and improve retention.
- B/C/D: False; local examples usually enhance learning.
Q99. Which of the following helps reduce gender inequality in household work?
A. Sharing chores among family members and promoting flexible work hours
B. Assigning all chores to one gender only
C. Banning men from doing household tasks always
D. Stopping women from joining schools
Correct Answer: A — Sharing chores & flexible hours
- A: Correct — equitable sharing and supportive policies reduce burden.
- B/C/D: Reinforce inequality and harm societal progress.
Q100. Which final statement best sums up the chapter “Economic Activities Around Us”?
A. Economic activities (farming, trade, industry, services) depend on geography and resources and are interlinked to sustain society.
B. Economic activities are pointless and unrelated to daily life.
C. Only one type of activity matters everywhere.
D. Geography has no role in shaping livelihoods.
Correct Answer: A — Interlinked sectors shaped by geography
- A: Correct — captures chapter essence: sectors, dependence on resources, and interdependence.
- B/C/D: Incorrect and contradict the chapter’s core message.
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