This section introduces the basic agricultural practices involved in growing crops. It covers topics such as preparation of soil, sowing, use of manures and fertilizers, irrigation methods, weed control, harvesting, and storage. Students learn about different crop seasons (Kharif and Rabi) and modern farming techniques, helping them understand how food is produced and managed efficiently for sustainable agriculture.

This section introduces synthetic fibres such as nylon, polyester, and acrylic, and explains how they differ from natural fibres. It also covers types of plastics, their properties, uses, and environmental impact. Students learn about the advantages of synthetic materials along with the importance of reducing plastic use and promoting recycling.

This section explains the physical and chemical properties of metals and non-metals. It covers their uses, reactions with air and water, displacement reactions, and the process of corrosion. Students learn how these materials are essential in daily life and industry, along with methods to prevent metal deterioration.

This section focuses on fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum, their formation, extraction, and uses. It explains products obtained from petroleum refining and the importance of these fuels in daily life. Students also learn about non-renewable natural resources and the need for their conservation for sustainable development.

This section explains the process of combustion and the conditions necessary for burning. It covers types of combustion, fuels and their calorific values, and the structure of a flame. Students also learn about fire safety, efficient fuel use, and the environmental effects of burning fuels.

This section highlights the importance of conserving biodiversity. It discusses deforestation, its causes and effects, and the need to protect wildlife. Students learn about national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, and conservation efforts to maintain ecological balance and safeguard endangered species.

This section introduces the cell as the basic unit of life. It explains the structure and functions of plant and animal cells, including key organelles like the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane. Students also learn about differences between unicellular and multicellular organisms and the role of cells in living processes.

This section explains how animals reproduce to continue their species. It covers modes of reproduction, including sexual and asexual reproduction, fertilisation, and development of the embryo. Students also learn about the human reproductive system and various stages of growth from birth to adulthood.

This section discusses the physical and emotional changes that occur during adolescence. It explains puberty, hormonal changes, development of reproductive organs, and the role of the endocrine system. Students also learn about personal health, hygiene, and the importance of a balanced diet during this stage of growth.

This section explains the concepts of force and pressure and their effects on objects. It covers types of forces such as contact and non-contact forces, and how pressure acts in solids, liquids, and gases. Students also learn about atmospheric pressure and its applications in everyday life.

This section explains friction as a force that opposes motion between surfaces in contact. It covers different types of friction, factors affecting it, and its advantages and disadvantages. Students also learn methods to increase or reduce friction and its importance in daily activities.

This section introduces sound as a form of energy produced by vibrations. It explains how sound travels through different mediums, its characteristics such as pitch and loudness, and the range of audible sounds. Students also learn about noise pollution and ways to control it.

This section explains how electric current can produce chemical changes. It covers conductors and insulators of electricity in liquids, electrolysis, and the process of electroplating. Students learn about practical applications of these chemical effects in industries and everyday life.

This section explores natural events such as lightning and earthquakes. It explains the causes of these phenomena, safety measures to follow during such events, and the role of devices like lightning conductors. Students gain awareness about disaster preparedness and protection.

This section explains the properties and behavior of light. It covers reflection, laws of reflection, types of mirrors, and the structure and function of the human eye. Students also learn about dispersion of light and its role in natural phenomena like rainbows.

This section introduces celestial bodies such as stars, planets, satellites, and comets. It explains the structure of the solar system, characteristics of different planets, and the role of artificial satellites. Students gain basic knowledge about space and astronomical observations.

This section discusses the causes and effects of air and water pollution. It explains major pollutants, their impact on health and the environment, and methods to control pollution. Students also learn the importance of conservation and sustainable practices to protect natural resources.