Introduction Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a critical process in the field of environmental management…
MCQs on “The Impact of Industrialization on Air Quality in India”
1. Which of the following is the most significant air pollutant emitted by industries in India?
a) Carbon dioxide (CO2)
b) Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
c) Nitrogen
d) Hydrogen
Answer: b) Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
2. The term “AQI” stands for:
a) Air Quality Index
b) Air Quantitative Index
c) Atmospheric Quality Index
d) Advanced Quality Indicator
Answer: a) Air Quality Index
3. Which industrial sector contributes the most to air pollution in India?
a) IT Industry
b) Thermal Power Plants
c) Textile Industry
d) Agriculture
Answer: b) Thermal Power Plants
4. What is the primary source of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in industrial emissions?
a) Carbon monoxide
b) Fly ash
c) Methane
d) Oxygen
Answer: b) Fly ash
5. Which Indian city is consistently ranked among the most polluted in terms of air quality?
a) Bangalore
b) Delhi
c) Mumbai
d) Chennai
Answer: b) Delhi
6. What role do brick kilns play in air pollution?
a) Reduce CO2 levels
b) Emit significant amounts of black carbon
c) Absorb sulfur dioxide
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Emit significant amounts of black carbon
7. Which law governs air pollution control in India?
a) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
b) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
c) Environment Protection Act, 1986
d) Factories Act, 1948
Answer: b) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
8. What is the major pollutant from cement industries?
a) Nitrous oxide
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Particulate matter
d) Ozone
Answer: c) Particulate matter
9. The National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP) in India monitors air quality based on how many parameters?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
Answer: c) 4
10. Which of the following industrial processes is a significant source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)?
a) Textile dyeing
b) Petroleum refining
c) Cement manufacturing
d) Steel production
Answer: b) Petroleum refining
11. The term “thermal inversion” in the context of air pollution refers to:
a) Cooling of industrial plants
b) A weather condition trapping pollutants near the ground
c) Excessive thermal emissions
d) None of the above
Answer: b) A weather condition trapping pollutants near the ground
12. Which Indian state has the highest number of thermal power plants, contributing to air pollution?
a) Gujarat
b) Maharashtra
c) Tamil Nadu
d) Uttar Pradesh
Answer: d) Uttar Pradesh
13. The pollutant “black carbon” is associated with which industry?
a) Software industry
b) Textile industry
c) Coal-based power plants
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Coal-based power plants
14. What is the main objective of the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP)?
a) Increase industrial output
b) Reduce particulate matter by 20-30% by 2024
c) Promote industrialization in rural areas
d) Reduce global warming
Answer: b) Reduce particulate matter by 20-30% by 2024
15. Acid rain is primarily caused by which industrial emissions?
a) Carbon dioxide and methane
b) Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
c) Ozone and carbon monoxide
d) Hydrogen sulfide and ammonia
Answer: b) Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
16. Which gas released from industries is the primary contributor to the greenhouse effect?
a) Oxygen
b) Methane
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Sulfur dioxide
Answer: c) Carbon dioxide
17. Which ministry in India is responsible for regulating industrial emissions?
a) Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
b) Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change
c) Ministry of Industries
d) Ministry of Science and Technology
Answer: b) Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change
18. What is the main environmental impact of thermal power plants?
a) Depletion of water resources
b) Emission of greenhouse gases
c) Airborne heavy metals
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
19. The term “smog” is a combination of:
a) Smoke and fog
b) Smoke and gas
c) Sulfur and fog
d) Sulfur and gas
Answer: a) Smoke and fog
20. The largest contributor to industrial air pollution in India is:
a) Automobiles
b) Thermal power plants
c) Agricultural burning
d) Brick kilns
Answer: b) Thermal power plants
21. Which pollutant is a key indicator of air pollution from steel industries?
a) Hydrogen sulfide
b) Carbon monoxide
c) Sulfur dioxide
d) Lead
Answer: b) Carbon monoxide
22. What is a key feature of “scrubbers” in industries?
a) Absorb excess oxygen
b) Control particulate emissions
c) Increase fuel efficiency
d) Release sulfur dioxide
Answer: b) Control particulate emissions
23. Fly ash is a byproduct of which industrial process?
a) Steel manufacturing
b) Thermal power generation
c) Textile processing
d) Cement manufacturing
Answer: b) Thermal power generation
24. Ozone in the lower atmosphere is considered:
a) Harmless
b) Beneficial
c) A pollutant
d) None of the above
Answer: c) A pollutant
25. Which pollutant is released by fertilizer industries?
a) Ammonia
b) Lead
c) Mercury
d) Ozone
Answer: a) Ammonia
26. What does PM10 refer to in air pollution?
a) Particles smaller than 10 micrometers in diameter
b) Particles larger than 10 micrometers in diameter
c) Carbon monoxide levels
d) Nitrous oxide levels
Answer: a) Particles smaller than 10 micrometers in diameter
27. Which industrial sector is responsible for releasing the most nitrogen oxides?
a) Fertilizers
b) Cement
c) Power plants
d) Textiles
Answer: c) Power plants
28. Which Indian initiative promotes cleaner technologies in industries?
a) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
b) PAT (Perform, Achieve, Trade) Scheme
c) Digital India
d) Skill India
Answer: b) PAT (Perform, Achieve, Trade) Scheme
29. How does industrialization indirectly increase air pollution?
a) Promotes deforestation
b) Increases urbanization
c) Boosts energy consumption
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
30. The term “industrial plume” refers to:
a) Water contamination
b) Airborne pollutants from industries
c) Solid waste from industries
d) None of the above
Answer: b) Airborne pollutants from industries
