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Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers on “Climate Resilient Infrastructure Development in India”

  1. What is the primary objective of climate-resilient infrastructure development in India?
    • A) To reduce economic growth
    • B) To enhance infrastructure resilience against climate change
    • C) To increase greenhouse gas emissions
    • D) To decrease urbanization
    • Answer: B) To enhance infrastructure resilience against climate change
  2. Which Indian organization is responsible for developing guidelines on climate-resilient infrastructure?
    • A) Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)
    • B) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
    • C) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)
    • D) National Highways Authority of India (NHAI)
    • Answer: B) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
  3. What is the purpose of the National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change (NAFCC)?
    • A) To fund large-scale industrial projects
    • B) To support adaptation and resilience-building projects for climate change
    • C) To subsidize fossil fuel consumption
    • D) To promote international trade
    • Answer: B) To support adaptation and resilience-building projects for climate change
  4. Which of the following is a key component of climate-resilient infrastructure?
    • A) High carbon footprint materials
    • B) Use of non-renewable energy sources
    • C) Sustainable and eco-friendly building materials
    • D) Increase in land use for agriculture
    • Answer: C) Sustainable and eco-friendly building materials
  5. What does the term ‘climate-proofing’ refer to in infrastructure development?
    • A) Ignoring climate risks
    • B) Designing infrastructure to withstand climate impacts
    • C) Increasing energy consumption
    • D) Reducing urban areas
    • Answer: B) Designing infrastructure to withstand climate impacts
  6. Which Indian state has implemented the ‘Green Building Rating System’ to promote climate-resilient infrastructure?
    • A) Rajasthan
    • B) Maharashtra
    • C) Gujarat
    • D) Kerala
    • Answer: C) Gujarat
  7. What is the main focus of the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) in relation to infrastructure?
    • A) Reducing industrial emissions
    • B) Promoting climate-resilient and sustainable infrastructure
    • C) Expanding urban sprawl
    • D) Increasing fossil fuel extraction
    • Answer: B) Promoting climate-resilient and sustainable infrastructure
  8. Which initiative focuses on integrating climate resilience into urban planning and infrastructure development?
    • A) Swachh Bharat Mission
    • B) Smart Cities Mission
    • C) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
    • D) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana
    • Answer: B) Smart Cities Mission
  9. What is the role of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) in climate-resilient infrastructure?
    • A) Building new highways
    • B) Formulating disaster response strategies and guidelines
    • C) Promoting commercial real estate
    • D) Regulating international trade
    • Answer: B) Formulating disaster response strategies and guidelines
  10. Which sector is most vulnerable to climate change impacts in terms of infrastructure?
    • A) Healthcare
    • B) Transportation
    • C) Education
    • D) Information Technology
    • Answer: B) Transportation
  11. What kind of infrastructure does the term ‘green infrastructure’ refer to?
    • A) Traditional concrete buildings
    • B) Infrastructure that incorporates natural systems and processes
    • C) Industrial facilities
    • D) Space exploration facilities
    • Answer: B) Infrastructure that incorporates natural systems and processes
  12. What role do wetlands play in climate-resilient infrastructure?
    • A) They contribute to water pollution
    • B) They provide flood control and water filtration
    • C) They support urban sprawl
    • D) They increase greenhouse gas emissions
    • Answer: B) They provide flood control and water filtration
  13. Which Indian scheme focuses on developing climate-resilient rural infrastructure?
    • A) National Rural Health Mission
    • B) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
    • C) Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana
    • D) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
    • Answer: B) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
  14. What is the significance of ‘climate risk assessment’ in infrastructure projects?
    • A) It helps in increasing project costs
    • B) It assesses potential climate impacts and informs design adaptations
    • C) It avoids integrating sustainability measures
    • D) It delays project implementation
    • Answer: B) It assesses potential climate impacts and informs design adaptations
  15. Which of the following best describes ‘resilient infrastructure’?
    • A) Infrastructure that remains unaffected by climate change
    • B) Infrastructure that can recover quickly from climate impacts
    • C) Infrastructure designed for high energy consumption
    • D) Infrastructure that promotes urban congestion
    • Answer: B) Infrastructure that can recover quickly from climate impacts
  16. Which Indian river valley is known for its climate-resilient flood management infrastructure?
    • A) Ganges
    • B) Yamuna
    • C) Brahmaputra
    • D) Godavari
    • Answer: C) Brahmaputra
  17. What does ‘climate-smart agriculture’ involve in terms of infrastructure?
    • A) Using high-emission fertilizers
    • B) Implementing practices that enhance resilience to climate change and improve productivity
    • C) Expanding agricultural land indiscriminately
    • D) Ignoring soil health
    • Answer: B) Implementing practices that enhance resilience to climate change and improve productivity
  18. Which of the following is a key aspect of designing climate-resilient buildings?
    • A) Using high-energy consuming materials
    • B) Incorporating passive design strategies and energy-efficient systems
    • C) Avoiding renewable energy sources
    • D) Increasing the use of synthetic materials
    • Answer: B) Incorporating passive design strategies and energy-efficient systems
  19. Which Indian city has been a model for integrating climate resilience in urban planning?
    • A) Chennai
    • B) Delhi
    • C) Mumbai
    • D) Bangalore
    • Answer: D) Bangalore
  20. What is the role of the National Institute of Hydrology in climate-resilient infrastructure development?
    • A) Developing new transportation networks
    • B) Researching and providing data on water resources and flood management
    • C) Promoting industrial growth
    • D) Regulating financial markets
    • Answer: B) Researching and providing data on water resources and flood management
  21. Which of the following is a major focus area for the Indian Green Building Council (IGBC)?
    • A) Industrial emissions
    • B) Sustainable and energy-efficient building practices
    • C) Rural development
    • D) Urban transportation
    • Answer: B) Sustainable and energy-efficient building practices
  22. What does the ‘National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)’ emphasize for infrastructure?
    • A) Expansion of non-renewable energy sources
    • B) Promoting adaptation and resilience in infrastructure
    • C) Increasing industrial pollution
    • D) Reducing urban areas
    • Answer: B) Promoting adaptation and resilience in infrastructure
  23. Which technology is commonly used to enhance the resilience of infrastructure against extreme weather events?
    • A) Traditional irrigation methods
    • B) Smart sensors and real-time monitoring systems
    • C) Non-renewable energy systems
    • D) Static building materials
    • Answer: B) Smart sensors and real-time monitoring systems
  24. Which Indian policy aims to enhance climate resilience in coastal infrastructure?
    • A) National Coastal Mission
    • B) National Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification
    • C) National River Conservation Plan
    • D) National Water Policy
    • Answer: B) National Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification
  25. What is the purpose of incorporating ‘nature-based solutions’ in infrastructure development?
    • A) To avoid using green spaces
    • B) To integrate natural processes and ecosystems for enhanced resilience
    • C) To increase the carbon footprint
    • D) To focus solely on urban expansion
    • Answer: B) To integrate natural processes and ecosystems for enhanced resilience
  26. Which of the following sectors is a significant beneficiary of climate-resilient infrastructure?
    • A) Fashion industry
    • B) Agriculture and water management
    • C) Space research
    • D) Entertainment industry
    • Answer: B) Agriculture and water management
  27. What role do ‘climate action plans’ play in infrastructure development?
    • A) They focus solely on reducing project costs
    • B) They provide strategies for integrating climate resilience into infrastructure projects
    • C) They avoid addressing environmental impacts
    • D) They promote industrial expansion without environmental considerations
    • Answer: B) They provide strategies for integrating climate resilience into infrastructure projects
  28. Which Indian city is known for its efforts in enhancing flood resilience through infrastructure development?
    • A) Pune
    • B) Hyderabad
    • C) Chennai
    • D) Mumbai
    • Answer: C) Chennai
  29. What is the significance of ‘climate-resilient urban transport systems’?
    • A) They increase traffic congestion
    • B) They ensure transport infrastructure can withstand climate impacts and continue to function effectively
    • C) They promote fossil fuel use
    • D) They ignore climate risks
    • Answer: B) They ensure transport infrastructure can withstand climate impacts and continue to function effectively
  30. Which Indian program focuses on integrating climate resilience in rural infrastructure development?
    • A) National Rural Health Mission
    • B) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
    • C) Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana
    • D) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
    • Answer: B) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
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