Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers on “India’s Healthcare System: Current Issues and Future Directions” for Civil Services Examination preparation

1. What is the primary aim of the Ayushman Bharat scheme?

• a) Providing free education
• b) Offering subsidized housing
• c) Extending health insurance to economically vulnerable families
• d) Enhancing rural infrastructure
  Answer: c) Extending health insurance to economically vulnerable families

2. The National Health Policy 2017 aims to achieve a:

• a) Reduction in healthcare expenditure
• b) Universal health coverage with comprehensive services
• c) Focus on private healthcare investments
• d) Increase in healthcare privatization
  Answer: b) Universal health coverage with comprehensive services

3. The Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) is a part of which larger scheme?

• a) Swachh Bharat Mission
• b) Ayushman Bharat
• c) Skill India
• d) Digital India
  Answer: b) Ayushman Bharat

4. Which of the following is a key focus of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)?

• a) Urban health initiatives
• b) Strengthening rural healthcare infrastructure
• c) Promoting industrial growth
• d) Enhancing technological advancements
  Answer: b) Strengthening rural healthcare infrastructure

5. The National Health Service (NHS) of India is designed to:

• a) Provide universal healthcare
• b) Enhance private healthcare investments
• c) Focus exclusively on urban areas
• d) Reduce healthcare accessibility
  Answer: a) Provide universal healthcare

6. The major challenge in India’s healthcare system highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic is:

• a) Lack of private hospitals
• b) Inequality in healthcare access
• c) Overemphasis on rural healthcare
• d) Excessive funding in urban areas
  Answer: b) Inequality in healthcare access

7. The Ayush Ministry in India primarily focuses on:

• a) Modern medical practices
• b) Alternative medicine and traditional systems
• c) Urban health infrastructure
• d) Medical research
  Answer: b) Alternative medicine and traditional systems

8. Which act provides for the establishment of a National Commission for Human Resources for Health (NCHRH)?

• a) National Health Act
• b) National Medical Commission Act
• c) National Health Policy Act
• d) Health and Family Welfare Act
  Answer: b) National Medical Commission Act

9. The main goal of the Health and Wellness Centers (HWCs) under Ayushman Bharat is to:

• a) Improve hospital infrastructure
• b) Offer comprehensive primary healthcare services
• c) Provide specialized surgical treatments
• d) Expand medical colleges
  Answer: b) Offer comprehensive primary healthcare services

10. The “Mission Indradhanush” aims to:

• a) Improve urban sanitation
• b) Increase immunization coverage for children
• c) Promote traditional medicine
• d) Enhance medical education
  Answer: b) Increase immunization coverage for children

11. The Indian government’s scheme for providing free medicines to citizens is called:

• a) Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana
• b) Jan Aushadhi Scheme
• c) Ayushman Bharat
• d) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
  Answer: b) Jan Aushadhi Scheme

12. The major health challenge addressed by the “National AIDS Control Programme” is:

• a) Tuberculosis
• b) Malaria
• c) HIV/AIDS
• d) Cancer
  Answer: c) HIV/AIDS

13. The key objective of the “National Mental Health Programme” is to:

• a) Enhance infrastructure for mental health
• b) Focus exclusively on urban mental health
• c) Promote alternative therapies for mental health
• d) Expand traditional medical practices
  Answer: a) Enhance infrastructure for mental health

14. Which health insurance scheme is specifically targeted at farmers?

• a) Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana
• b) Ayushman Bharat
• c) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
• d) National Farmers Welfare Scheme
  Answer: b) Ayushman Bharat

15. The “National Tobacco Control Programme” aims to:

• a) Promote tobacco production
• b) Restrict tobacco use and its health impacts
• c) Increase tobacco exports
• d) Support tobacco farmers
  Answer: b) Restrict tobacco use and its health impacts

16. The “Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana” (PMSSY) focuses on:

• a) Improving primary healthcare infrastructure
• b) Developing medical colleges and hospitals
• c) Supporting rural health initiatives
• d) Offering free health insurance
  Answer: b) Developing medical colleges and hospitals

17. The “National Family Health Survey” primarily collects data on:

• a) Economic development
• b) Healthcare utilization and family health
• c) Urban development
• d) Educational outcomes
  Answer: b) Healthcare utilization and family health

18. Which of the following is a key component of the “Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana” related to health?

• a) Providing free medicines
• b) Enhancing healthcare infrastructure
• c) Offering financial assistance during the pandemic
• d) Promoting traditional medicine
  Answer: c) Offering financial assistance during the pandemic

19. The “National Health Protection Scheme” aims to:

• a) Provide health insurance for economically disadvantaged families
• b) Enhance healthcare facilities in urban areas
• c) Increase funding for medical research
• d) Improve sanitation and hygiene
  Answer: a) Provide health insurance for economically disadvantaged families

20. The “Integrated Child Development Services” (ICDS) scheme focuses on:

• a) Early childhood care and education
• b) Urban healthcare services
• c) Specialized medical treatments
• d) Adult health services
  Answer: a) Early childhood care and education

21. The main objective of the “National Urban Health Mission” (NUHM) is to:

• a) Improve rural healthcare infrastructure
• b) Enhance health services in urban areas
• c) Promote traditional medicine
• d) Focus on agricultural health
  Answer: b) Enhance health services in urban areas

22. The “Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana” offers:

• a) Health insurance for the elderly
• b) Life insurance with coverage for accidental death
• c) Free medical treatments
• d) Scholarships for health professionals
  Answer: b) Life insurance with coverage for accidental death

23. The “Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission” aims to:

• a) Provide free medical devices
• b) Create a digital health ecosystem for improved service delivery
• c) Enhance rural healthcare facilities
• d) Increase medical research funding
  Answer: b) Create a digital health ecosystem for improved service delivery

24. The “National Health Accounts” (NHA) project aims to:

• a) Monitor and evaluate healthcare expenditures
• b) Provide free health insurance
• c) Enhance traditional medicine
• d) Focus on rural development
  Answer: a) Monitor and evaluate healthcare expenditures

25. The “National Immunization Schedule” includes vaccines for:

• a) Seasonal flu and chronic diseases
• b) Childhood diseases such as polio and measles
• c) Cancer and diabetes
• d) Cardiovascular diseases
  Answer: b) Childhood diseases such as polio and measles

26. The “Universal Immunization Programme” (UIP) primarily targets:

• a) Adults in high-risk categories
• b) Children and pregnant women
• c) Elderly individuals
• d) Industrial workers
  Answer: b) Children and pregnant women

27. The “Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act” (MGNREGA) provides:

• a) Free healthcare services
• b) Employment opportunities with a focus on rural development
• c) Free education
• d) Housing assistance
  Answer: b) Employment opportunities with a focus on rural development

28. The “National Health Policy 2017” emphasizes:

• a) High-tech urban healthcare
• b) Comprehensive and preventive healthcare
• c) Industrial healthcare investments
• d) Exclusive focus on private hospitals
  Answer: b) Comprehensive and preventive healthcare

29. The “National Cancer Control Programme” aims to:

• a) Provide free cancer treatments
• b) Reduce cancer incidence and improve treatment services
• c) Promote alternative cancer therapies
• d) Support cancer research exclusively
  Answer: b) Reduce cancer incidence and improve treatment services

30. The “National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme” (NREGS) indirectly supports healthcare by:

• a) Providing free medical insurance
• b) Enhancing rural infrastructure and creating job opportunities
• c) Focusing on urban health services
• d) Offering specialized medical treatments
  Answer: b) Enhancing rural infrastructure and creating job opportunities

These questions cover various aspects of India’s healthcare system, including policies, schemes, and ongoing challenges.