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Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers on “Land Reforms in India: Past Experiences and Future Prospects” for the Civil Services Examination
1. What was the primary objective of land reforms in India?
- a) To increase agricultural productivity
- b) To redistribute land to improve social equity
- c) To promote industrialization
- d) To control urban migration
Answer: b) To redistribute land to improve social equity
2. Which of the following acts aimed to abolish the Zamindari system in India?
- a) The Land Acquisition Act, 1894
- b) The Agrarian Reforms Act, 1951
- c) The Zamindari Abolition Act, 1950
- d) The Tenancy Act, 1955
Answer: c) The Zamindari Abolition Act, 1950
3. The “Bhoodan Movement” initiated by Vinoba Bhave focused on:
- a) Legal reforms for land ownership
- b) Voluntary donation of land by landowners
- c) Government acquisition of land for redistribution
- d) Regulation of land markets
Answer: b) Voluntary donation of land by landowners
4. The “Ceiling on Land Holdings Act” was introduced to:
- a) Limit the maximum size of landholdings for individuals
- b) Promote large-scale farming
- c) Encourage land leasing
- d) Abolish land tenure systems
Answer: a) Limit the maximum size of landholdings for individuals
5. Which of the following was a major land reform introduced under the Green Revolution era?
- a) Abolition of Zamindari System
- b) Land Ceiling Acts
- c) Land Tenancy Reforms
- d) Agricultural Productivity Enhancement Program
Answer: b) Land Ceiling Acts
6. The “Land Reform Program” of the Indian government in the 1950s primarily aimed at:
- a) Industrial development
- b) Social and economic equity in land distribution
- c) Urban expansion
- d) Foreign investment in agriculture
Answer: b) Social and economic equity in land distribution
7. The “Land Reforms Commission” in 1955-56 was established to:
- a) Formulate policies for agricultural subsidies
- b) Review and recommend land reform measures
- c) Regulate land markets
- d) Promote industrial land use
Answer: b) Review and recommend land reform measures
8. The concept of “Land to the Tiller” was aimed at:
- a) Providing land titles to tenant farmers
- b) Increasing the area under irrigation
- c) Encouraging large land holdings
- d) Supporting urban land development
Answer: a) Providing land titles to tenant farmers
9. Which state was the first to implement comprehensive land reforms in India?
- a) West Bengal
- b) Kerala
- c) Tamil Nadu
- d) Uttar Pradesh
Answer: b) Kerala
10. The “Land Acquisition Act” of 2013 replaced which earlier act?
- a) The Land Acquisition Act, 1894
- b) The Land Reform Act, 1951
- c) The Ceiling on Land Holdings Act, 1972
- d) The Tenancy Act, 1955
Answer: a) The Land Acquisition Act, 1894
11. The “Agricultural Debt Waiver and Debt Relief Scheme” was introduced to:
- a) Increase landholding limits
- b) Provide relief to farmers burdened with debt
- c) Promote industrial farming
- d) Regulate land leasing practices
Answer: b) Provide relief to farmers burdened with debt
12. The term “Operation Barga” is associated with land reforms in which state?
- a) Punjab
- b) West Bengal
- c) Maharashtra
- d) Karnataka
Answer: b) West Bengal
13. The primary focus of the “National Land Records Modernization Programme” (NLRMP) is:
- a) Promoting land acquisition for infrastructure projects
- b) Modernizing land record management and improving transparency
- c) Implementing land ceiling limits
- d) Expanding agricultural subsidies
Answer: b) Modernizing land record management and improving transparency
14. Which of the following is a challenge faced in implementing land reforms in India?
- a) Over-regulation of land markets
- b) Inadequate land distribution
- c) High level of agricultural productivity
- d) Excessive foreign investment
Answer: b) Inadequate land distribution
15. The “National Commission on Farmers” was established to:
- a) Recommend measures for farmer welfare and land reforms
- b) Regulate land leasing
- c) Control land prices
- d) Promote urban land development
Answer: a) Recommend measures for farmer welfare and land reforms
16. The “Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana” (PMAY) primarily addresses:
- a) Rural land reforms
- b) Urban housing and land acquisition
- c) Agricultural productivity
- d) Land ceiling limits
Answer: b) Urban housing and land acquisition
17. The “Forest Rights Act” (2006) is associated with:
- a) Urban land development
- b) Recognition and rights of forest-dwelling communities over forest land
- c) Industrial land acquisition
- d) Land ceiling reforms
Answer: b) Recognition and rights of forest-dwelling communities over forest land
18. The “Land Use Policy” in India focuses on:
- a) Increasing land acquisition for industries
- b) Managing land resources effectively and promoting sustainable development
- c) Expanding agricultural subsidies
- d) Controlling land prices
Answer: b) Managing land resources effectively and promoting sustainable development
19. The “National Land Records Modernization Programme” (NLRMP) was renamed as:
- a) Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP)
- b) Land Records Transparency Programme
- c) National Land Reform Scheme
- d) Land Acquisition Modernization Programme
Answer: a) Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP)
20. The “Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act” (MGNREGA) is related to:
- a) Land acquisition for urban development
- b) Providing guaranteed employment and promoting rural development
- c) Regulating land leasing
- d) Promoting industrial agriculture
Answer: b) Providing guaranteed employment and promoting rural development
21. The “National Rural Employment Guarantee Act” (NREGA) has been renamed as:
- a) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)
- b) Pradhan Mantri Rural Employment Scheme
- c) Rural Development Employment Act
- d) Rural Employment Guarantee Act
Answer: a) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)
22. The “Land Consolidation Act” is designed to:
- a) Fragment landholdings
- b) Consolidate and improve landholdings for better agricultural use
- c) Control land prices
- d) Promote land leasing
Answer: b) Consolidate and improve landholdings for better agricultural use
23. The “Kisan Credit Card” (KCC) scheme aims to:
- a) Provide credit to farmers for purchasing land
- b) Offer financial support for agricultural inputs and expenses
- c) Regulate land markets
- d) Promote land acquisition for industries
Answer: b) Offer financial support for agricultural inputs and expenses
24. Which Indian state has implemented the “Land Bank” initiative to facilitate land acquisition for industries?
- a) Karnataka
- b) Gujarat
- c) Maharashtra
- d) Tamil Nadu
Answer: b) Gujarat
25. The “Land Reforms Act” in the Indian context generally includes provisions for:
- a) Urban land acquisition
- b) Redistribution of agricultural land and ceiling on land holdings
- c) Industrial land development
- d) Expansion of forest areas
Answer: b) Redistribution of agricultural land and ceiling on land holdings
26. The “State Land Reforms Act” are implemented by:
- a) The Central Government
- b) Individual State Governments
- c) The Supreme Court
- d) The Reserve Bank of India
Answer: b) Individual State Governments
27. The “National Agricultural Policy” was introduced to:
- a) Promote large-scale land acquisition for industries
- b) Enhance agricultural productivity and farmer welfare
- c) Regulate land leasing practices
- d) Control urban land development
Answer: b) Enhance agricultural productivity and farmer welfare
28. The “Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme” (DAY-NREGS) focuses on:
- a) Rural land acquisition
- b) Providing employment opportunities and improving rural infrastructure
- c) Expanding agricultural subsidies
- d) Promoting industrial farming
Answer: b) Providing employment opportunities and improving rural infrastructure
29. The “National Rural Health Mission” (NRHM) is aimed at:
- a) Improving land records management
- b) Enhancing rural health infrastructure and services
- c) Promoting agricultural productivity
- d) Providing land titles to farmers
Answer: b) Enhancing rural health infrastructure and services
30. The “Swachh Bharat Mission” (SBM) was launched to:
- a) Promote land acquisition for industries
- b) Improve sanitation and cleanliness in rural and urban areas
- c) Regulate land leasing practices
- d) Increase agricultural landholdings
Answer: b) Improve sanitation and cleanliness in rural and urban areas
These questions cover various aspects of land reforms, past experiences, current policies, and future prospects in India.