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Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers on “Land Reforms in India: Past Experiences and Future Prospects” for the Civil Services Examination

1. What was the primary objective of land reforms in India?

  • a) To increase agricultural productivity
  • b) To redistribute land to improve social equity
  • c) To promote industrialization
  • d) To control urban migration

Answer: b) To redistribute land to improve social equity


2. Which of the following acts aimed to abolish the Zamindari system in India?

  • a) The Land Acquisition Act, 1894
  • b) The Agrarian Reforms Act, 1951
  • c) The Zamindari Abolition Act, 1950
  • d) The Tenancy Act, 1955

Answer: c) The Zamindari Abolition Act, 1950


3. The “Bhoodan Movement” initiated by Vinoba Bhave focused on:

  • a) Legal reforms for land ownership
  • b) Voluntary donation of land by landowners
  • c) Government acquisition of land for redistribution
  • d) Regulation of land markets

Answer: b) Voluntary donation of land by landowners


4. The “Ceiling on Land Holdings Act” was introduced to:

  • a) Limit the maximum size of landholdings for individuals
  • b) Promote large-scale farming
  • c) Encourage land leasing
  • d) Abolish land tenure systems

Answer: a) Limit the maximum size of landholdings for individuals


5. Which of the following was a major land reform introduced under the Green Revolution era?

  • a) Abolition of Zamindari System
  • b) Land Ceiling Acts
  • c) Land Tenancy Reforms
  • d) Agricultural Productivity Enhancement Program

Answer: b) Land Ceiling Acts


6. The “Land Reform Program” of the Indian government in the 1950s primarily aimed at:

  • a) Industrial development
  • b) Social and economic equity in land distribution
  • c) Urban expansion
  • d) Foreign investment in agriculture

Answer: b) Social and economic equity in land distribution


7. The “Land Reforms Commission” in 1955-56 was established to:

  • a) Formulate policies for agricultural subsidies
  • b) Review and recommend land reform measures
  • c) Regulate land markets
  • d) Promote industrial land use

Answer: b) Review and recommend land reform measures


8. The concept of “Land to the Tiller” was aimed at:

  • a) Providing land titles to tenant farmers
  • b) Increasing the area under irrigation
  • c) Encouraging large land holdings
  • d) Supporting urban land development

Answer: a) Providing land titles to tenant farmers


9. Which state was the first to implement comprehensive land reforms in India?

  • a) West Bengal
  • b) Kerala
  • c) Tamil Nadu
  • d) Uttar Pradesh

Answer: b) Kerala


10. The “Land Acquisition Act” of 2013 replaced which earlier act?

  • a) The Land Acquisition Act, 1894
  • b) The Land Reform Act, 1951
  • c) The Ceiling on Land Holdings Act, 1972
  • d) The Tenancy Act, 1955

Answer: a) The Land Acquisition Act, 1894


11. The “Agricultural Debt Waiver and Debt Relief Scheme” was introduced to:

  • a) Increase landholding limits
  • b) Provide relief to farmers burdened with debt
  • c) Promote industrial farming
  • d) Regulate land leasing practices

Answer: b) Provide relief to farmers burdened with debt


12. The term “Operation Barga” is associated with land reforms in which state?

  • a) Punjab
  • b) West Bengal
  • c) Maharashtra
  • d) Karnataka

Answer: b) West Bengal


13. The primary focus of the “National Land Records Modernization Programme” (NLRMP) is:

  • a) Promoting land acquisition for infrastructure projects
  • b) Modernizing land record management and improving transparency
  • c) Implementing land ceiling limits
  • d) Expanding agricultural subsidies

Answer: b) Modernizing land record management and improving transparency


14. Which of the following is a challenge faced in implementing land reforms in India?

  • a) Over-regulation of land markets
  • b) Inadequate land distribution
  • c) High level of agricultural productivity
  • d) Excessive foreign investment

Answer: b) Inadequate land distribution


15. The “National Commission on Farmers” was established to:

  • a) Recommend measures for farmer welfare and land reforms
  • b) Regulate land leasing
  • c) Control land prices
  • d) Promote urban land development

Answer: a) Recommend measures for farmer welfare and land reforms


16. The “Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana” (PMAY) primarily addresses:

  • a) Rural land reforms
  • b) Urban housing and land acquisition
  • c) Agricultural productivity
  • d) Land ceiling limits

Answer: b) Urban housing and land acquisition


17. The “Forest Rights Act” (2006) is associated with:

  • a) Urban land development
  • b) Recognition and rights of forest-dwelling communities over forest land
  • c) Industrial land acquisition
  • d) Land ceiling reforms

Answer: b) Recognition and rights of forest-dwelling communities over forest land


18. The “Land Use Policy” in India focuses on:

  • a) Increasing land acquisition for industries
  • b) Managing land resources effectively and promoting sustainable development
  • c) Expanding agricultural subsidies
  • d) Controlling land prices

Answer: b) Managing land resources effectively and promoting sustainable development


19. The “National Land Records Modernization Programme” (NLRMP) was renamed as:

  • a) Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP)
  • b) Land Records Transparency Programme
  • c) National Land Reform Scheme
  • d) Land Acquisition Modernization Programme

Answer: a) Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP)


20. The “Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act” (MGNREGA) is related to:

  • a) Land acquisition for urban development
  • b) Providing guaranteed employment and promoting rural development
  • c) Regulating land leasing
  • d) Promoting industrial agriculture

Answer: b) Providing guaranteed employment and promoting rural development


21. The “National Rural Employment Guarantee Act” (NREGA) has been renamed as:

  • a) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)
  • b) Pradhan Mantri Rural Employment Scheme
  • c) Rural Development Employment Act
  • d) Rural Employment Guarantee Act

Answer: a) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)


22. The “Land Consolidation Act” is designed to:

  • a) Fragment landholdings
  • b) Consolidate and improve landholdings for better agricultural use
  • c) Control land prices
  • d) Promote land leasing

Answer: b) Consolidate and improve landholdings for better agricultural use


23. The “Kisan Credit Card” (KCC) scheme aims to:

  • a) Provide credit to farmers for purchasing land
  • b) Offer financial support for agricultural inputs and expenses
  • c) Regulate land markets
  • d) Promote land acquisition for industries

Answer: b) Offer financial support for agricultural inputs and expenses


24. Which Indian state has implemented the “Land Bank” initiative to facilitate land acquisition for industries?

  • a) Karnataka
  • b) Gujarat
  • c) Maharashtra
  • d) Tamil Nadu

Answer: b) Gujarat


25. The “Land Reforms Act” in the Indian context generally includes provisions for:

  • a) Urban land acquisition
  • b) Redistribution of agricultural land and ceiling on land holdings
  • c) Industrial land development
  • d) Expansion of forest areas

Answer: b) Redistribution of agricultural land and ceiling on land holdings


26. The “State Land Reforms Act” are implemented by:

  • a) The Central Government
  • b) Individual State Governments
  • c) The Supreme Court
  • d) The Reserve Bank of India

Answer: b) Individual State Governments


27. The “National Agricultural Policy” was introduced to:

  • a) Promote large-scale land acquisition for industries
  • b) Enhance agricultural productivity and farmer welfare
  • c) Regulate land leasing practices
  • d) Control urban land development

Answer: b) Enhance agricultural productivity and farmer welfare


28. The “Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme” (DAY-NREGS) focuses on:

  • a) Rural land acquisition
  • b) Providing employment opportunities and improving rural infrastructure
  • c) Expanding agricultural subsidies
  • d) Promoting industrial farming

Answer: b) Providing employment opportunities and improving rural infrastructure


29. The “National Rural Health Mission” (NRHM) is aimed at:

  • a) Improving land records management
  • b) Enhancing rural health infrastructure and services
  • c) Promoting agricultural productivity
  • d) Providing land titles to farmers

Answer: b) Enhancing rural health infrastructure and services


30. The “Swachh Bharat Mission” (SBM) was launched to:

  • a) Promote land acquisition for industries
  • b) Improve sanitation and cleanliness in rural and urban areas
  • c) Regulate land leasing practices
  • d) Increase agricultural landholdings

Answer: b) Improve sanitation and cleanliness in rural and urban areas


These questions cover various aspects of land reforms, past experiences, current policies, and future prospects in India.

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