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Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers for the Civil Services Examination on the topic “Migration and Urbanization: Impact on Indian Cities”
- What is the primary driver of rural-to-urban migration in India?
- A) Education opportunities
- B) Economic opportunities
- C) Healthcare facilities
- D) Better housing
- Answer: B) Economic opportunities
- Which Indian city is known for its significant IT industry-driven migration?
- A) Chennai
- B) Bangalore
- C) Mumbai
- D) Kolkata
- Answer: B) Bangalore
- What is the major challenge faced by Indian cities due to rapid urbanization?
- A) Declining agricultural productivity
- B) Traffic congestion and inadequate infrastructure
- C) Declining industrial output
- D) Decreasing population density
- Answer: B) Traffic congestion and inadequate infrastructure
- Which act aims to address the issues of urban planning and development in India?
- A) The National Housing Policy
- B) The Urban Development Act
- C) The Smart Cities Mission
- D) The Rural Development Act
- Answer: C) The Smart Cities Mission
- Which factor contributes most to the increase in slum populations in Indian cities?
- A) High property prices
- B) Lack of affordable housing
- C) High literacy rates
- D) Decreasing rural income
- Answer: B) Lack of affordable housing
- Which Indian city has been recognized as a model for sustainable urban development?
- A) New Delhi
- B) Pune
- C) Ahmedabad
- D) Jaipur
- Answer: C) Ahmedabad
- Which of the following is a key component of the ‘Smart Cities Mission’ in India?
- A) Developing rural areas
- B) Enhancing urban transport systems
- C) Promoting agricultural growth
- D) Increasing industrial output
- Answer: B) Enhancing urban transport systems
- What is a major consequence of rapid urbanization in terms of environmental impact?
- A) Improved air quality
- B) Decreased water scarcity
- C) Increased pollution levels
- D) Reduced greenhouse gas emissions
- Answer: C) Increased pollution levels
- Which Indian city has faced severe water scarcity due to rapid urbanization and population growth?
- A) Mumbai
- B) Bangalore
- C) Delhi
- D) Hyderabad
- Answer: B) Bangalore
- Which policy focuses on the development of infrastructure in Indian urban areas?
- A) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
- B) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana
- C) National Urban Transport Policy
- D) National Agricultural Policy
- Answer: C) National Urban Transport Policy
- What does the term ‘urban sprawl’ refer to in the context of Indian cities?
- A) Expansion of agricultural lands
- B) Growth of urban areas into surrounding rural land
- C) Reduction in city population
- D) Development of industrial zones
- Answer: B) Growth of urban areas into surrounding rural land
- Which Indian initiative aims to improve sanitation and cleanliness in urban areas?
- A) National Rural Health Mission
- B) Swachh Bharat Mission
- C) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
- D) National Solar Mission
- Answer: B) Swachh Bharat Mission
- Which demographic factor significantly influences urban migration in India?
- A) Increasing birth rates
- B) Aging population
- C) Youth employment opportunities
- D) Declining rural population
- Answer: C) Youth employment opportunities
- Which challenge is commonly associated with informal settlements in Indian cities?
- A) Access to high-quality healthcare
- B) High-quality education facilities
- C) Poor infrastructure and sanitation
- D) Excessive green spaces
- Answer: C) Poor infrastructure and sanitation
- What is a primary goal of the ‘Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT)’?
- A) Improving rural employment
- B) Enhancing urban infrastructure and service delivery
- C) Promoting agricultural innovation
- D) Developing rural roads
- Answer: B) Enhancing urban infrastructure and service delivery
- Which city in India is known for its extensive metro rail network aimed at easing urban transportation?
- A) Chennai
- B) Delhi
- C) Kolkata
- D) Mumbai
- Answer: B) Delhi
- What is one of the major social challenges arising from urban migration in Indian cities?
- A) Increased social cohesion
- B) Reduced cultural diversity
- C) Rising inequality and social exclusion
- D) Decline in community engagement
- Answer: C) Rising inequality and social exclusion
- Which initiative aims to enhance housing affordability and reduce slum growth in Indian cities?
- A) National Health Policy
- B) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban)
- C) National Education Policy
- D) Digital India Programme
- Answer: B) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban)
- Which Indian city is known for implementing policies to manage air pollution levels effectively?
- A) Hyderabad
- B) Mumbai
- C) Delhi
- D) Pune
- Answer: C) Delhi
- What is the primary focus of the ‘National Urban Transport Policy’?
- A) Improving rural transportation
- B) Enhancing public transport systems in urban areas
- C) Developing industrial transport networks
- D) Promoting private vehicle use
- Answer: B) Enhancing public transport systems in urban areas
- Which challenge is commonly faced by Indian cities with high population densities?
- A) Excessive green space
- B) Inefficient public services
- C) Low housing demand
- D) High quality of life
- Answer: B) Inefficient public services
- What is a key feature of the ‘Smart Cities Mission’?
- A) Expanding rural infrastructure
- B) Enhancing digital connectivity and urban services
- C) Increasing agricultural productivity
- D) Reducing urban green spaces
- Answer: B) Enhancing digital connectivity and urban services
- Which sector often suffers from neglect in rapidly urbanizing cities?
- A) Education
- B) Health care
- C) Public transportation
- D) Housing and sanitation
- Answer: D) Housing and sanitation
- Which of the following best describes ‘urban renewal’ efforts?
- A) Developing new rural areas
- B) Upgrading and revitalizing existing urban infrastructure
- C) Reducing industrial activities in cities
- D) Increasing urban land for agriculture
- Answer: B) Upgrading and revitalizing existing urban infrastructure
- Which city is known for its efforts in water management and flood control through advanced urban planning?
- A) Bangalore
- B) Chennai
- C) Kolkata
- D) Mumbai
- Answer: B) Chennai
- Which initiative aims to enhance the quality of life in urban slums through infrastructure improvements?
- A) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
- B) Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Urban Livelihoods Mission
- C) National Skill Development Mission
- D) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
- Answer: B) Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Urban Livelihoods Mission
- Which challenge is related to urban heat islands in Indian cities?
- A) Reduced energy consumption
- B) Improved air quality
- C) Increased temperature and energy demand
- D) Decreased water availability
- Answer: C) Increased temperature and energy demand
- Which Indian city has implemented green building practices to combat urban heat islands?
- A) Delhi
- B) Bangalore
- C) Kolkata
- D) Mumbai
- Answer: B) Bangalore
- What is the primary objective of urban land use planning?
- A) Expanding industrial zones
- B) Efficient allocation and management of urban land resources
- C) Increasing agricultural output
- D) Reducing urban population density
- Answer: B) Efficient allocation and management of urban land resources
- Which of the following is an impact of rapid urbanization on local ecosystems?
- A) Increased biodiversity
- B) Habitat loss and environmental degradation
- C) Enhanced natural habitats
- D) Improved ecological balance
- Answer: B) Habitat loss and environmental degradation
