CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Syllabus 2025-26
Chapter-wise syllabus for CBSE Class 11 Chemistry (2025-26, Subject Code 043) as per the NCERT / CBSE curriculum: (CBSE Academic)
CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Syllabus 2025-26
| Chapter No. | Chapter Title | Key Topics / Sub-topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry | • Importance & scope of chemistry • Nature of matter: solid, liquid, gas; particulate nature • Measurement in chemistry: accuracy, precision, significant figures, uncertainties • Laws of chemical combination (law of conservation of mass, law of constant proportions, law of multiple proportions) • Dalton’s atomic theory (modern modifications) • Atomic & molecular masses; molar mass • Percentage composition • Empirical and molecular formula • Chemical reactions and stoichiometry (moles, conversions, limiting reagent, yield) |
| 2 | Structure of Atom | • Discovery of subatomic particles (electron, proton, neutron) • Atomic number, mass number, isotopes, isobars • Thomson’s model, Rutherford’s model and limitations • Bohr model of hydrogen atom and its limitations • Dual nature of matter and light • de Broglie hypothesis • Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (qualitative) • Quantum mechanical model: quantum numbers • Orbitals (s, p, d), shapes • Rules for electron filling: aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, Hund’s rule • Electronic configuration of elements |
| 3 | Classification of Elements & Periodicity in Properties | • Need for classification of elements • Genesis / historical development of periodic classification • Modern periodic law and the structure of the periodic table • Nomenclature of elements with atomic number > 100 • Electronic configuration & relation to periodic table • Periodic trends / periodicity in properties: atomic radii, ionic radii, inert gas radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valence / valency |
| 4 | Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure | • Valence electrons, ionic (electrovalent) bond • Covalent bond, bond parameters (bond length, bond angle) • Polar character of covalent bond; ionic character in covalent bonds • Lewis structures, resonance • VSEPR theory and molecular geometry • Valence bond theory & hybridization (involving s, p, d orbitals) • Molecular orbital theory (qualitative) • Bonding in homonuclear diatomic molecules • Hydrogen bonding |
| 5 | Thermodynamics | • System and surroundings; work, heat, energy • Extensive and intensive properties • State functions • Internal energy (ΔU), enthalpy (H) • First law of thermodynamics • Heat capacity, specific heat • Measurement of ΔU and ΔH • Hess’s law of constant heat summation • Enthalpy changes: bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution, dilution • Brief introduction to second & third law of thermodynamics (entropy, free energy) |
| 6 | Equilibrium | • Physical & chemical equilibrium; dynamic nature • Law of mass action, equilibrium constant (Kc, Kp) • Homogeneous & heterogeneous equilibria • Le Chatelier’s principle • Ionic equilibrium: acids, bases, salts • Strong & weak electrolytes; concept of pH • Hydrolysis, buffer solutions • Solubility product (Ksp), common ion effect |
| 7 | Redox Reactions | • Concept of oxidation, reduction • Oxidation number / state • Balancing redox reactions (method of oxidation number / half reaction method) • Applications of redox in chemical processes |
| 8 | Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles & Techniques | • Basics of organic chemistry: difference from inorganic • Classification / nomenclature of organic compounds (IUPAC) • Isomerism: structural, stereoisomerism (optical, geometrical) • Concept of hybridization in organic molecules • Types of organic reactions: addition, substitution, elimination, rearrangement • Reaction mechanisms: electrophilic, nucleophilic, free radical (qualitative) • Methods of purification of organic compounds: crystallization, distillation, sublimation, chromatography (basic concepts) • Detection of functional groups |
| 9 | Hydrocarbons | • Classification: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons • General formula, isomerism • Nomenclature • Properties (physical & chemical) • Reactions: substitution, addition, elimination, oxidation • Preparation methods • Uses and environmental effects |
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