50 Very Short Answer Type Questions & Answers

Each answer is short, NCERT-level and suitable for 1-mark questions.

1. Q1: What are life processes?A: Essential activities that keep an organism alive, e.g., nutrition, respiration, circulation, excretion, movement, response.
2. Q2: What is nutrition?A: The process of obtaining and using food for energy, growth and repair.
3. Q3: Define heterotroph.A: An organism that obtains food from other organisms (cannot make its own food).
4. Q4: What is ingestion?A: Taking food into the body through the mouth or body surface.
5. Q5: What is digestion?A: Breaking down complex food into simpler substances that the body can absorb.
6. Q6: What is absorption?A: Uptake of digested food into the bloodstream or body cells.
7. Q7: What is egestion?A: Removal of undigested waste from the body.
8. Q8: Name the organ where most digestion and absorption occur in humans.A: Small intestine.
9. Q9: Where does mechanical digestion begin?A: In the mouth (by chewing with teeth).
10. Q10: What is respiration?A: The process of releasing energy from food.
11. Q11: Name two types of respiration.A: Aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
12. Q12: How do fishes breathe?A: Using gills to exchange gases with water.
13. Q13: How do insects breathe?A: Through a tracheal system of tiny tubes that carry air directly to cells.
14. Q14: What is the main respiratory organ in humans?A: Lungs.
15. Q15: Define circulation.A: Transport of substances like oxygen, nutrients and wastes within the body.
16. Q16: What is blood?A: A fluid that transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones and waste products in the body.
17. Q17: Name the organ that pumps blood.A: The heart.
18. Q18: What is an open circulatory system?A: A system where blood flows into body cavities and bathes organs directly (e.g., insects).
19. Q19: What is a closed circulatory system?A: A system where blood flows inside vessels (e.g., mammals).
20. Q20: What is excretion?A: Removal of metabolic wastes from the body.
21. Q21: Name the excretory organ in humans.A: Kidney.
22. Q22: What is urine?A: A liquid waste containing urea and other metabolic wastes produced by kidneys.
23. Q23: How do earthworms excrete wastes?A: Through nephridia present in each segment of their body.
24. Q24: What is movement in animals?A: Locomotion using limbs, fins, wings or movement of body parts for various functions.
25. Q25: Give one example of an adaptation for movement in birds.A: Wings for flight and hollow bones to reduce weight.
26. Q26: What is a reflex action?A: A quick automatic response to a stimulus that does not involve conscious thought (e.g., pulling hand from hot object).
27. Q27: Define stimulus.A: Any change in the environment that causes a response in an organism.
28. Q28: Name the receptor that detects light in humans.A: The eyes (photoreceptors in the retina).
29. Q29: What is digestion in Amoeba called?A: Intracellular digestion (food is digested inside food vacuoles).
30. Q30: How does Amoeba obtain food?A: By forming pseudopodia and engulfing food particles (phagocytosis).
31. Q31: What is the function of villi in the small intestine?A: To increase surface area for absorption of digested food.
32. Q32: Name the enzyme in saliva that starts digestion of starch.A: Amylase (salivary amylase).
33. Q33: What is bile and where is it produced?A: Bile helps emulsify fats and is produced in the liver (stored in the gall bladder).
34. Q34: What gas do animals exhale?A: Carbon dioxide (CO₂).
35. Q35: What gas do animals inhale?A: Oxygen (O₂).
36. Q36: Why do organisms need energy?A: For growth, movement, maintaining body processes, and repair.
37. Q37: Define homeostasis (simple).A: Maintenance of a stable internal environment in the body.
38. Q38: Give one function of human blood besides transport.A: Regulation of body temperature and protection through immune cells.
39. Q39: What are malpighian tubules and where found?A: Excretory structures found in insects that help remove wastes.
40. Q40: Name a non-living support that helps insects move.A: Exoskeleton (external skeleton).
41. Q41: What type of teeth do herbivores have for grinding?A: Flat, broad molars for grinding plant material.
42. Q42: What type of teeth do carnivores have for tearing?A: Sharp canines and pointed incisors for tearing flesh.
43. Q43: What is the role of diaphragm in humans?A: It helps in breathing by contracting and relaxing to change chest volume.
44. Q44: Where does gaseous exchange occur in plants (brief)?A: Through stomata on leaves and lenticels on stems (plants also respire).
45. Q45: What is haemoglobin?A: A pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
46. Q46: Give one difference between plant and animal nutrition.A: Plants make their own food by photosynthesis; animals obtain food from other organisms.
47. Q47: What is the function of the large intestine?A: To absorb water and form feces (egestion).
48. Q48: Name a carnivorous animal mentioned in NCERT examples.A: Lion (example of a carnivore).
49. Q49: What are pseudopodia?A: Temporary projections of the cell surface used by Amoeba for movement and engulfing food.
50. Q50: Why is clean water important for life processes?A: Water is needed for digestion, transport, excretion and all metabolic reactions; impure water causes disease.

Note: Questions and answers are strictly NCERT level for CBSE Class 7 examination standard. Use alongside diagrams and longer practice questions.