Cell – Structure and Functions Part 2: MCQs (Q26–Q50)
🧬 Cell – Structure and Functions (Class 8 Science)
Part 2: Q26–Q50
Q26. Which organelle is responsible for digestion inside the cell?
A) Mitochondria
B) Ribosome
C) Lysosome
D) Golgi apparatus
✅ Correct Answer: C) Lysosome
Explanation:
- A) Mitochondria – Energy release.
- B) Ribosome – Protein synthesis.
- C) ✔ Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes for intracellular digestion.
- D) Golgi apparatus – Packaging, secretion.
Q27. Which organelle stores genetic information?
A) Mitochondria
B) Chloroplast
C) Nucleus
D) Ribosome
✅ Correct Answer: C) Nucleus
Explanation:
- A, B, D – Do not store DNA primarily.
- C) ✔ Nucleus contains DNA in chromosomes.
Q28. What is the main function of vacuole in plant cells?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Storage of water and food
C) Protein synthesis
D) Energy release
✅ Correct Answer: B) Storage of water and food
Explanation:
- A) Chloroplast performs photosynthesis.
- B) ✔ Vacuole stores water, nutrients, waste.
- C, D – Other organelles’ jobs.
Q29. Which part of the cell separates its interior from the external environment?
A) Cell wall
B) Cell membrane
C) Cytoplasm
D) Nucleus
✅ Correct Answer: B) Cell membrane
Explanation:
- A) Cell wall – Additional layer only in plants.
- B) ✔ Cell membrane forms boundary for all cells.
- C, D – Internal parts.
Q30. Which cell organelle is absent in prokaryotes?
A) Nucleus with nuclear membrane
B) Cytoplasm
C) Ribosomes
D) Cell membrane
✅ Correct Answer: A) Nucleus with nuclear membrane
Explanation:
- A) ✔ Prokaryotes have no well-defined nucleus.
- B, C, D – Present in all cells.
Q31. What is the role of chlorophyll?
A) Absorb oxygen
B) Trap sunlight
C) Store proteins
D) Transport food
✅ Correct Answer: B) Trap sunlight
Explanation:
- A, C, D – Not functions of chlorophyll.
- B) ✔ Chlorophyll in chloroplasts absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis.
Q32. Which of these is a multicellular organism?
A) Amoeba
B) Paramecium
C) Hydra
D) Bacteria
✅ Correct Answer: C) Hydra
Explanation:
- A, B, D – Unicellular organisms.
- C) ✔ Hydra is multicellular.
Q33. What is the liquid material inside the nucleus called?
A) Cytoplasm
B) Nucleoplasm
C) Protoplasm
D) Vacuole
✅ Correct Answer: B) Nucleoplasm
Explanation:
- A) Cytoplasm – Outside nucleus.
- B) ✔ Nucleoplasm (nuclear sap) surrounds chromosomes and nucleolus.
- C) Protoplasm – Entire cell contents.
- D) Vacuole – Storage sac.
Q34. The cell wall of plants is mainly made of:
A) Protein
B) Cellulose
C) Lipids
D) Starch
✅ Correct Answer: B) Cellulose
Explanation:
- A, C, D – Not primary components.
- B) ✔ Plant cell wall → cellulose fibres.
Q35. Which organelle is double-membrane bound and generates energy?
A) Ribosome
B) Mitochondria
C) Lysosome
D) Golgi apparatus
✅ Correct Answer: B) Mitochondria
Explanation:
- A, C, D – Not energy producers.
- B) ✔ Mitochondria are double-membrane, release ATP.
Q36. Which scientist discovered living cells under a microscope?
A) Hooke
B) Leeuwenhoek
C) Brown
D) Virchow
✅ Correct Answer: B) Leeuwenhoek
Explanation:
- A) Hooke – Dead cork cells.
- B) ✔ Leeuwenhoek observed living cells (1674).
- C, D – Other contributions.
Q37. Which organelle is absent in animal cells?
A) Chloroplast
B) Mitochondria
C) Nucleus
D) Ribosome
✅ Correct Answer: A) Chloroplast
Explanation:
- A) ✔ Only plant cells have chloroplasts for photosynthesis.
- B, C, D – Common in both.
Q38. Which of these is NOT part of the cell theory?
A) All living things are made of cells
B) Cells are basic unit of life
C) All cells arise from pre-existing cells
D) Cells can arise spontaneously
✅ Correct Answer: D) Cells can arise spontaneously
Explanation:
- A, B, C – Principles of cell theory.
- D) ✔ Wrong → disproved by Virchow.
Q39. What are genes made of?
A) RNA
B) DNA
C) Protein
D) Carbohydrate
✅ Correct Answer: B) DNA
Explanation:
- A) RNA – Helps in protein synthesis.
- B) ✔ Genes are segments of DNA.
- C, D – Not genetic material.
Q40. Which structure controls entry and exit of materials in a cell?
A) Nucleus
B) Cytoplasm
C) Cell membrane
D) Mitochondria
✅ Correct Answer: C) Cell membrane
Explanation:
- A, B, D – Different functions.
- C) ✔ Cell membrane is selectively permeable.
Q41. Which organelle is responsible for packaging proteins?
A) Ribosome
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Lysosome
D) Mitochondria
✅ Correct Answer: B) Golgi apparatus
Explanation:
- A) Ribosome – Protein synthesis.
- B) ✔ Golgi packs and secretes proteins.
- C, D – Not packaging organelles.
Q42. What is the main function of ribosomes?
A) Protein synthesis
B) Energy production
C) Waste digestion
D) Storage of food
✅ Correct Answer: A) Protein synthesis
Explanation:
- A) ✔ Ribosomes make proteins.
- B, C, D – Other functions.
Q43. Which of the following is not a cell organelle?
A) Mitochondria
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Ribosome
D) Nucleoplasm
✅ Correct Answer: D) Nucleoplasm
Explanation:
- A, B, C – Organelles.
- D) ✔ Nucleoplasm is fluid, not an organelle.
Q44. Which organelle gives colour to flowers and fruits?
A) Chloroplast
B) Chromoplast
C) Leucoplast
D) Ribosome
✅ Correct Answer: B) Chromoplast
Explanation:
- A) Chloroplast – Green colour.
- B) ✔ Chromoplast contains pigments like carotenoids.
- C) Leucoplast – Colourless.
- D) Ribosome – No pigments.
Q45. Which structure is present only in plant cells?
A) Cell wall
B) Ribosome
C) Cytoplasm
D) Mitochondria
✅ Correct Answer: A) Cell wall
Explanation:
- A) ✔ Plant cells → cellulose cell wall.
- B, C, D – Present in both plants and animals.
Q46. Which is the largest cell in the human body?
A) Nerve cell
B) White blood cell
C) Red blood cell
D) Ovum
✅ Correct Answer: D) Ovum
Explanation:
- A) Nerve cell – Longest.
- B, C – Smaller cells.
- D) ✔ Human ovum = largest cell, visible to naked eye.
Q47. Which type of cell lacks a true nucleus?
A) Prokaryotic cell
B) Eukaryotic cell
C) Plant cell
D) Animal cell
✅ Correct Answer: A) Prokaryotic cell
Explanation:
- A) ✔ Prokaryotes (bacteria) have no nuclear membrane.
- B, C, D – Have true nucleus.
Q48. Which part of the nucleus is responsible for ribosome formation?
A) Chromosomes
B) Nucleoplasm
C) Nucleolus
D) Nuclear membrane
✅ Correct Answer: C) Nucleolus
Explanation:
- A, B, D – Other functions.
- C) ✔ Nucleolus makes rRNA and ribosome subunits.
Q49. The shape of a red blood cell (RBC) is:
A) Rectangular
B) Spherical
C) Biconcave disc
D) Irregular
✅ Correct Answer: C) Biconcave disc
Explanation:
- A, B, D – Not correct.
- C) ✔ RBCs are biconcave for more oxygen-carrying surface area.
Q50. Which structure encloses the nucleus?
A) Cell wall
B) Nuclear membrane
C) Cell membrane
D) Cytoplasm
✅ Correct Answer: B) Nuclear membrane
Explanation:
- A) Cell wall – Plant boundary.
- B) ✔ Nuclear membrane surrounds nucleus.
- C) Cell membrane – Encloses whole cell.
- D) Cytoplasm – Around organelles.
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