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Chemistry – Chapter 1: Matter in Our Surroundings
The CBSE Class 9 Science – Chapter Wise Study Materials Based on NCERT for Chemistry – Chapter 1: Matter in Our Surroundings provide a complete learning guide to help students understand the fundamental concepts of matter, its states, and the changes around us. This resource includes concise notes, solved examples, numerical problems, and topic-wise explanations aligned with the latest NCERT textbook. Each section simplifies complex ideas through easy-to-understand language and structured summaries, helping students build strong conceptual clarity. These study materials also include practice questions and stepwise solutions, ensuring thorough exam preparation and confidence for CBSE board assessments. These study materials are designed strictly as per the NCERT syllabus, making them ideal for CBSE Class 9 board exam standards, supporting both self-study and classroom learning effectively.
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Chemistry – Chapter 2: Is Matter Around Us Pure?
The CBSE Class 9 Science – Chapter Wise Study Materials Based on NCERT for Chemistry – Chapter 2: Is Matter Around Us Pure? provide a complete and easy-to-understand guide for students preparing for board exams. These study materials are designed strictly as per the latest NCERT syllabus, ensuring conceptual clarity and exam-oriented preparation. From definitions and classifications of mixtures to detailed explanations of separation techniques and pure substances, this resource helps Class 9 students strengthen their Chemistry fundamentals effectively. ✅ Highlight: These study materials are prepared strictly according to the NCERT syllabus, making them ideal for CBSE Class 9 board exam standards.
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Chemistry – Chapter 3: Atoms and Molecules
The CBSE Class 9 Chemistry Chapter 3: Atoms and Molecules study materials provide a clear understanding of atomic structure, molecular composition, and the laws of chemical combination. Designed strictly as per the NCERT syllabus, these resources include detailed explanations, numerical problems, and concept-based questions to strengthen exam preparation. Perfect for students looking to master CBSE Class 9 Science – Chapter Wise Study Materials Based on NCERT, this content ensures complete clarity and accuracy for CBSE board exam standards.
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Chemistry – Chapter 4: Structure of the Atom
CBSE Class 9 Science – Chapter Wise Study Materials Based on NCERT provide detailed learning support for students preparing for board exams. This post focuses on Chemistry – Chapter 4: Structure of the Atom, covering fundamental atomic models, subatomic particles, and key concepts explained as per the NCERT syllabus. These study materials are designed strictly according to the CBSE Class 9 board exam standard, ensuring conceptual clarity and effective exam preparation.
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Biology – Chapter 5: The Fundamental Unit of Life
The CBSE Class 9 Science – Chapter Wise Study Materials Based on NCERT for Biology – Chapter 5: The Fundamental Unit of Life provide a complete understanding of the structure and functions of a cell — the basic unit of life. These study materials include concise notes, topic-wise explanations, diagrams, and concept-based questions to help students strengthen their foundational knowledge. Designed strictly as per the NCERT syllabus, they ensure clarity and accuracy, making them ideal for CBSE Class 9 board exam preparation and effective classroom revision.
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Biology – Chapter 6: Tissues
This post provides CBSE Class 9 Science – Chapter Wise Study Materials Based on NCERT for Biology – Chapter 6: Tissues. Students will find well-structured notes, topic-wise explanations, and exam-oriented resources that strengthen conceptual understanding of plant and animal tissues. These study materials are designed strictly as per the NCERT syllabus, making them ideal for CBSE Class 9 board exams standard. This chapter-wise guide helps learners grasp definitions, characteristics, and functions of different tissues with clarity and confidence.
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Biology – Chapter 7: Improvement in Food Resources
This post provides CBSE Class 9 Science – Chapter Wise Study Materials Based on NCERT for Biology – Chapter 7: Improvement in Food Resources. It offers clear, topic-wise explanations on crop production, protection, animal husbandry, and sustainable agricultural practices. These study materials are designed strictly as per the NCERT syllabus, making them ideal for CBSE Class 9 board exams standard. Students can use this chapter-wise guide to strengthen concepts, enhance revision, and prepare effectively for school assessments and board-level questions.
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Physics – Chapter 8: Motion
Master Class 9 Physics Chapter 8 — Motion with NCERT-aligned study materials that simplify core concepts like distance, displacement, speed, velocity and acceleration. This focused resource provides clear explanations, practice MCQs, solved examples and diagrams to build strong fundamentals for CBSE board exams. Strictly designed as per the NCERT syllabus, these materials are ideal for quick revision and score-focused preparation.
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Physics – Chapter 9: Force and Laws of Motion
The CBSE Class 9 Science – Chapter Wise Study Materials Based on NCERT for Physics – Chapter 9: Force and Laws of Motion provide clear, structured, and exam-focused learning support for students. This chapter explains fundamental concepts such as force, inertia, momentum, Newton’s three laws of motion, and their real-life applications. These study materials are presented in a simplified, topic-wise manner to help students strengthen conceptual understanding and improve problem-solving skills. All content is designed strictly as per the NCERT syllabus, making it ideal for CBSE Class 9 board exams standard.
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Physics – Chapter 10: Gravitation
The CBSE Class 9 Science – Chapter Wise Study Materials Based on NCERT for Physics – Chapter 10: Gravitation provide a complete and structured learning resource for students. These study materials explain core concepts like universal law of gravitation, free fall, mass, weight, and buoyancy in a simple and exam-oriented manner. Designed strictly as per the NCERT syllabus, they are ideal for effective revision and help students prepare confidently for the CBSE Class 9 board exams standard.
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Physics – Chapter 11: Work and Energy
The CBSE Class 9 Science – Chapter Wise Study Materials Based on NCERT for Physics – Chapter 11: Work and Energy provide clear explanations, solved examples, and concept-based questions to strengthen understanding of work, energy, power, kinetic and potential energy, and the law of conservation of energy. These study materials are designed strictly as per the NCERT syllabus, making them ideal for CBSE Class 9 board exams standard and highly effective for revision and exam preparation.
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Physics – Chapter 12: Sound
The CBSE Class 9 Science – Chapter Wise Study Materials Based on NCERT for Physics – Chapter 12: Sound provide students with a complete, exam-ready learning resource. This chapter explains the production, propagation, characteristics, and applications of sound in a clear and structured manner. These study materials—covering concepts, diagrams, numericals, and practice questions—are designed strictly as per the NCERT syllabus, making them ideal for the CBSE Class 9 board exams standard. Students can use this chapter-wise support for effective revision and stronger conceptual understanding.
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Biology – Chapter 13: Diversity in Living Organisms
According to the official Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) syllabus document for Classes IX & X Science (2025-26), Chapter 13 “Diversity in Living Organisms” is not included.
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Biology – Chapter 14: Why Do We Fall Ill?
According to multiple sources, Chapter 13: “Why Do We Fall Ill?” of the Class 9 Science NCERT book is not included in the latest syllabus for the academic year 2025-26.
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Biology – Chapter 15: Natural Resources
Chapter 15: Natural Resources in the Biology/Science textbook is not listed as a part of the CBSE Class 9 Science annual examination syllabus for 2025-26.
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Matter in Our Surroundings – MCQs with Answers and Explanations

CBSE Class 9 • Science — Chemistry

Chapter 1: Matter in Our Surroundings

Prepared as per NCERT — Ideal for CBSE Class 9 Board Exam practice
Interactive MCQs • Answers & clear concept explanations

CBSE Board Examination Focus: definitions, distinguishing states of matter, properties (shape, volume, compressibility), diffusion & Brownian motion, evaporation vs boiling, change of state & interconversion — conceptual clarity emphasized.

Topic 1 — Nature & Definition of Matter (Questions 1–5)

Q1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of matter?

It has mass It occupies space It can be seen with naked eye It can exert pressure

Answer: C

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Being visible is not a necessary property — gases like air are matter but are not always visible.

Q2. Which of these is an example of matter?

Light Sound Water Heat

Answer: C

Water has mass and occupies space. Light, sound and heat are energy phenomena; they do not have mass or occupy space in the usual sense.

Q3. Mass of a body is a measure of:

Amount of matter in it Weight of the body Volume of the body Density of the body

Answer: A

Mass quantifies how much matter is present. Weight depends on both mass and local gravity (weight = mass × gravitational acceleration).

Q4. A substance which has mass but does not occupy space is:

Ether Matter with zero volume No such substance exists Vacuum

Answer: C

Matter must occupy space. A vacuum is absence of matter. Classical matter always has both mass and volume.

Q5. Which statement is true about matter?

It is continuous It is made of particles It is energy only It always exists as solid

Answer: B

The modern concept: matter consists of very small particles (atoms/molecules) with spaces between them; this explains properties like diffusion and compressibility.

Topic 2 — States of Matter (Questions 6–10)

Q6. Which state of matter has a fixed volume but no fixed shape?

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

Answer: B

In liquids, particles are close enough to keep volume constant, but they can move past each other so the liquid adopts the container’s shape.

Q7. Which of the following is most compressible?

Solid Liquid Gas All equally compressible

Answer: C

Because gas particles are far apart, reducing volume by applied pressure is easy; liquids and solids have tightly packed particles and compress very little.

Q8. Which of the following describes motion of particles in a solid?

Free translational motion Fixed positions, vibrational motion Random, fast motion filling container Continuous convection currents

Answer: B

Solids have particles arranged in fixed positions (often in a regular pattern) but they vibrate about those positions. This is why solids retain shape.

Q9. Which state of matter expands to fill the entire volume of its container?

Solid Liquid Gas All states equally

Answer: C

Gas particles move freely and spread out, filling any container completely; liquids and solids do not expand to fill container volume.

Q10. Which of the following correctly orders states of matter from least to most compressible?

Gas < Liquid < Solid Solid < Liquid < Gas Liquid < Gas < Solid Solid < Gas < Liquid

Answer: B

Compressibility depends on inter-particle spaces: solids (very little), liquids (a little), gases (a lot).

Topic 3 — Particle Nature of Matter (Questions 11–15)

Q11. Which observation supports particle theory of matter?

Diffusion of odour through a room Reflection of light from mirror Color of a solid Sound from a bell

Answer: A

When perfume spreads in a room, it shows particles of perfume moving through air particles — evidence for moving particles with space between them.

Q12. Brownian motion is the random motion of:

Gas molecules Visible particles like pollen in a fluid Electrons in a wire Photons in light

Answer: B

Microscopic fluid molecules constantly collide with suspended particles, causing erratic motion — this was historic evidence for molecules.

Q13. Which of the following is true about particles of matter?

Particles are continuously created and destroyed Particles attract each other and have spaces between them Particles have no motion Particles are visible to the naked eye

Answer: B

Particles are held by forces (attraction) and aren’t in direct contact; these attractions and inter-particle spaces explain properties like compressibility and flow.

Q14. Which experiment historically provided strong evidence for molecules?

Diffusion of gases Brownian motion observed by Robert Brown Evaporation of water Boiling of liquid

Answer: B

Brownian motion provided observable behaviour of tiny particles being hit by unseen molecules — supporting existence of atoms/molecules.

Q15. Which of the following best explains diffusion?

Due to pressure only Due to particle motion from high to low concentration Due to gravity Due to color changes

Answer: B

Random motion of particles causes substances to spread out; temperature and medium affect rate (faster in gas than in liquid).

Topic 4 — Change of State & Interconversion (Questions 16–20)

Q16. Melting of ice to water is an example of:

Physical change Chemical change Nuclear change Biological change

Answer: A

Ice (solid) becomes water (liquid) by absorbing heat; the molecules remain H₂O — this is physical interconversion between states.

Q17. Condensation is the process in which:

Liquid converts to solid Gas converts to liquid Solid converts to gas Gas converts to solid directly

Answer: B

When gas molecules lose energy (cooling), attractive forces pull them closer to form liquid droplets — this is condensation.

Q18. Sublimation is:

Solid to liquid Liquid to gas Solid to gas without passing through liquid Gas to solid

Answer: C

Some solids convert directly to gas when vapor pressure is sufficiently high at a given temperature (camphor and iodine are classic examples).

Q19. Which change requires absorption of heat?

Freezing Condensation Melting Deposition (gas to solid)

Answer: C

To overcome bonding in solids, energy (heat) must be supplied for melting. Freezing and condensation release energy to surroundings.

Q20. Which statement about boiling is true?

Boiling occurs only at the surface Boiling produces bubbles throughout the liquid Boiling and evaporation are identical Boiling occurs only at low temperatures

Answer: B

Boiling is bulk vaporization (throughout the liquid) at a specific boiling point; evaporation is surface vaporization at any temperature below boiling point.

Topic 5 — Evaporation & Factors Affecting It (Questions 21–25)

Q21. Which of the following increases the rate of evaporation?

Decrease in temperature Increase in humidity Increase in surface area Decrease in wind speed

Answer: C

Evaporation depends on temperature, surface area, wind speed, and humidity. Increasing surface area allows more molecules to escape into gas phase.

Q22. Evaporation causes cooling because:

All molecules lose energy High energy molecules leave the liquid Liquid absorbs heat from sunlight only Evaporation increases pressure

Answer: B

Loss of the faster (higher-energy) molecules lowers the average kinetic energy of the remaining liquid — observed as cooling (e.g., perspiration cooling body).

Q23. Which of the following will decrease rate of evaporation?

Increasing temperature Increasing air movement (wind) Increasing humidity Increasing surface area

Answer: C

When the surrounding air has high water vapour content (humidity), fewer water molecules can escape into air, reducing evaporation rate.

Q24. Evaporation occurs at:

Only at boiling point Surface of a liquid at all temperatures Only at very low temperatures Only inside the liquid

Answer: B

Molecules at the surface with enough energy escape into the gas phase at any temperature; boiling is a different phenomenon involving bulk vaporization.

Q25. Which of the following examples best shows evaporation?

Water boiling vigorously Gradual drying of wet clothes in sun Condensation of steam on a lid Freezing of water

Answer: B

Drying involves surface molecules leaving the liquid phase and entering the air as vapour — classic evaporation example. Boiling is different (bulk vaporization).

Topic 6 — Miscellaneous / Application (Questions 26–30)

Q26. Why does sweating cool the human body?

Sweat conducts heat away Evaporation of sweat removes high-energy molecules Sweat becomes colder because of skin chemicals Sweat blocks sunlight

Answer: B

The body uses evaporation as a cooling mechanism — high-energy water molecules escape, reducing average energy (temperature) of the remaining liquid and skin.

Q27. If two gases A and B diffuse and gas A diffuses faster than B at same conditions, what can be inferred?

A has larger molecules than B A has smaller molecules/molar mass lower than B A is colder than B A is in liquid form

Answer: B

Graham’s law: rate of diffusion ∝ 1/√(molar mass). So lower molar mass (lighter) gases diffuse faster than heavier ones under same conditions.

Q28. Which process is endothermic?

Freezing of water Melting of ice Condensation of steam Deposition of vapour

Answer: B

Endothermic processes absorb heat (melting, evaporation, sublimation). Exothermic processes release heat (freezing, condensation, deposition).

Q29. Which of the following statements is correct about evaporation and boiling?

Evaporation occurs at all temperatures and only at surface; boiling occurs at a fixed temperature and throughout liquid Both occur only at boiling point Boiling occurs at surface only Evaporation happens only when liquid is heated above boiling point

Answer: A

Key difference: evaporation = surface only & can occur at any temperature; boiling = bulk vaporization at a specific temperature (boiling point) under given pressure.

Q30. Which characteristic of particles explains why gases diffuse faster than liquids?

Larger intermolecular forces in gases Smaller distance between particles in gases Greater freedom of motion and larger inter-particle spaces in gases Gas particles are heavier

Answer: C

Gases have high kinetic energy relative to intermolecular forces and large separations, so particles travel farther between collisions causing faster diffusion.

Tip: After answering all questions, revisit explanations to strengthen conceptual understanding. These MCQs follow NCERT concepts and are tailored for CBSE Class 9 practice.

Matter in Our Surroundings – Case-based Questions with Answers

Matter in Our Surroundings – MCQs – Online Practice Test with Automatic scoring

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Matter in Our Surroundings – MCQs with Answers and Explanations

Topic 1 — Nature & Definition of Matter (Questions 1–5)

Topic 2 — States of Matter (Questions 6–10)

Topic 3 — Particle Nature of Matter (Questions 11–15)

Topic 4 — Change of State & Interconversion (Questions 16–20)

Topic 5 — Evaporation & Factors Affecting It (Questions 21–25)

Topic 6 — Miscellaneous / Application (Questions 26–30)

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