Module 1: Early National Consciousness and Colonial Background Era / Phase: Foundations of Indian Nationalism Timeline: c. 1858 – 1885 CE Key Characteristics: Consolidation of British colonial rule after 1857 Economic exploitation and drain of wealth Rise of Western education, press, and political awareness Growth of early political associations

Module 2: Formation of the Indian National Congress Era / Phase: Birth of Organised National Movement Timeline: 1885 – 1905 CE Key Characteristics: Formation of a national political platform Constitutional and moderate methods of struggle Economic critique of colonial rule Growth of all-India political leadership

Module 3: Extremist Phase and Assertive Nationalism Era / Phase: Rise of Extremist Nationalism Timeline: 1905 – 1917 CE Key Characteristics: Assertive nationalism and mass mobilisation Swadeshi and boycott movements Cultural revival and national education Conflict between Moderates and Extremists

Module 4: Revolutionary Nationalism in India Era / Phase: Revolutionary and Militant Nationalism Timeline: 1905 – 1930 CE Key Characteristics: Armed resistance and secret organisations Youth participation and sacrifice International influence and revolutionary networks British repression and revolutionary responses

Module 5: Gandhian Era and Mass Nationalism Era / Phase: Gandhian Leadership and Mass Movements Timeline: 1917 – 1934 CE Key Characteristics: Non-violent mass movements Participation of peasants, workers, and women Moral and ethical basis of struggle Nationwide mobilisation against colonial rule

Module 6: Constitutional Developments and Political Negotiations Era / Phase: Constitutional Politics and British Response Timeline: 1909 – 1935 CE Key Characteristics: British constitutional reforms to contain nationalism Expansion of legislative councils Provincial autonomy and limited self-government Growth of political participation

Module 7: National Movement in the 1940s Era / Phase: Final Phase of the Freedom Struggle Timeline: 1939 – 1945 CE Key Characteristics: Impact of Second World War Radicalisation of the national movement Mass resistance against British authority Intensification of nationalist pressure

Module 8: Communal Politics and Partition Era / Phase: Crisis of Unity and Communalisation Timeline: 1906 – 1947 CE Key Characteristics: Growth of communal politics British divide-and-rule policy Demand for Pakistan Failure of constitutional negotiations

Module 9: Transfer of Power and Independence Era / Phase: End of Colonial Rule Timeline: 1946 – 1947 CE Key Characteristics: British decision to quit India Constitutional negotiations and plans Partition and independence Emergence of a sovereign nation