Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) along with their answers on “Union vs. State: Federalism and Its Challenges in India” tailored for the Civil Services Examination

Which Article of the Indian Constitution defines the distribution of powers between the Union and State governments?
- a) Article 245
- b) Article 246
- c) Article 247
- d) Article 248
  Answer: b) Article 246
The concept of federalism in India is borrowed from which country’s Constitution?
- a) Canada
- b) Australia
- c) United States
- d) Germany
  Answer: a) Canada
Which of the following lists is under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Union government?
- a) State List
- b) Concurrent List
- c) Union List
- d) Residual Powers
  Answer: c) Union List
Which of the following Articles grants the President of India the power to legislate by ordinance?
- a) Article 123
- b) Article 124
- c) Article 125
- d) Article 126
  Answer: a) Article 123
The distribution of powers in the Indian Constitution is outlined in which Schedule?
- a) Fourth Schedule
- b) Fifth Schedule
- c) Sixth Schedule
- d) Seventh Schedule
  Answer: d) Seventh Schedule
Which Article provides for the establishment of a Finance Commission in India?
- a) Article 280
- b) Article 281
- c) Article 282
- d) Article 283
  Answer: a) Article 280
In the case of a conflict between Union and State laws on a subject in the Concurrent List, which law prevails?
- a) State Law
- b) Union Law
- c) Both Laws
- d) None of the above
  Answer: b) Union Law
Which of the following is a challenge to federalism in India?
- a) Cultural diversity
- b) Linguistic diversity
- c) Political instability
- d) All of the above
  Answer: d) All of the above
Which Constitutional Amendment added the 73rd and 74th Amendments related to Panchayati Raj and urban local bodies?
- a) 61st Amendment
- b) 73rd Amendment
- c) 74th Amendment
- d) 86th Amendment
  Answer: b) 73rd Amendment
Which institution is responsible for the distribution of financial resources between the Union and the States?
- a) Planning Commission
- b) Finance Commission
- c) National Development Council
- d) Reserve Bank of India
  Answer: b) Finance Commission
What type of federalism is practiced in India?
- a) Cooperative federalism
- b) Dual federalism
- c) Competitive federalism
- d) None of the above
  Answer: a) Cooperative federalism
Which of the following is NOT a source of revenue for the State governments in India?
- a) Sales tax
- b) Income tax
- c) Excise duty
- d) Stamp duty
  Answer: b) Income tax
The emergency provisions in the Indian Constitution are provided under which Article?
- a) Article 352
- b) Article 356
- c) Article 360
- d) All of the above
  Answer: d) All of the above
Which of the following Articles empowers the Parliament to legislate for the States in national interest?
- a) Article 249
- b) Article 250
- c) Article 251
- d) Article 252
  Answer: a) Article 249
The concept of ‘Single Citizenship’ in India is derived from which of the following?
- a) Constitution of the USA
- b) Constitution of the UK
- c) Constitution of Canada
- d) Constitution of Australia
  Answer: b) Constitution of the UK
Which Article provides for the appointment of a Governor for each State?
- a) Article 153
- b) Article 154
- c) Article 155
- d) Article 156
  Answer: a) Article 153
In which year was the Goods and Services Tax (GST) implemented in India, reflecting a major shift in fiscal federalism?
- a) 2015
- b) 2016
- c) 2017
- d) 2018
  Answer: c) 2017
Which of the following is a feature of federalism in India?
- a) Division of powers
- b) Supremacy of the Constitution
- c) Independent judiciary
- d) All of the above
  Answer: d) All of the above
Which schedule of the Indian Constitution deals with the distribution of powers between the Union and States?
- a) First Schedule
- b) Second Schedule
- c) Seventh Schedule
- d) Eighth Schedule
  Answer: c) Seventh Schedule
Which body is constituted to review the financial relations between the Union and the States?
- a) Planning Commission
- b) Finance Commission
- c) NITI Aayog
- d) National Development Council
  Answer: b) Finance Commission
The Constitution of India provides for the establishment of a High Court in each State under which Article?
- a) Article 214
- b) Article 215
- c) Article 216
- d) Article 217
  Answer: a) Article 214
Which amendment to the Indian Constitution allowed for the establishment of a separate High Court for the Union Territory of Delhi?
- a) 69th Amendment
- b) 70th Amendment
- c) 71st Amendment
- d) 72nd Amendment
  Answer: a) 69th Amendment
Which of the following is NOT a ground for the imposition of President’s Rule in a State?
- a) Failure of constitutional machinery
- b) Breakdown of law and order
- c) Failure to hold elections
- d) Non-implementation of central laws
  Answer: d) Non-implementation of central laws
Which Constitutional Article empowers the Governor to dismiss the State government?
- a) Article 153
- b) Article 174
- c) Article 356
- d) Article 357
  Answer: c) Article 356
The 101st Constitutional Amendment of India is related to which of the following?
- a) GST
- b) Reservation for women
- c) Right to Education
- d) Panchayati Raj
  Answer: a) GST
Which article allows the Parliament to legislate on matters in the State List during a National Emergency?
- a) Article 250
- b) Article 252
- c) Article 249
- d) Article 253
  Answer: a) Article 250
The Constitution recognizes how many categories of states in India?
- a) 3
- b) 5
- c) 6
- d) 7
  Answer: b) 5
The concept of ‘State’ in the context of Indian federalism is defined under which Article?
- a) Article 12
- b) Article 13
- c) Article 14
- d) Article 15
  Answer: a) Article 12
Which of the following is a key feature distinguishing Indian federalism?
- a) Rigidity of the Constitution
- b) Supremacy of Parliament
- c) Dual citizenship
- d) Decentralized administration
  Answer: b) Supremacy of Parliament
What is the primary role of the Rajya Sabha in the context of Indian federalism?
- a) To represent the States
- b) To represent the Union government
- c) To make laws for the States
- d) To oversee State governments
  Answer: a) To represent the States

These MCQs cover various aspects of federalism in India, including the constitutional framework, powers, and challenges associated with Union and State relations.

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