Mapping the Future: The Role of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in India’s Development Planning
Introduction In an era where data-driven decision-making is paramount, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) emerge as…
MCQs on Floods and Droughts in India
- What is the primary cause of floods in India during the monsoon season?
A) Deforestation
B) Heavy rainfall
C) Riverbank erosion
D) Urbanization
Answer: B) Heavy rainfall - Which river basin in India is most prone to flooding?
A) Ganges
B) Godavari
C) Krishna
D) Brahmaputra
Answer: D) Brahmaputra - Which of the following is NOT a consequence of flooding?
A) Displacement of people
B) Loss of crops
C) Deterioration of air quality
D) Damage to infrastructure
Answer: C) Deterioration of air quality - Which state in India frequently experiences drought conditions?
A) Kerala
B) Punjab
C) Rajasthan
D) Himachal Pradesh
Answer: C) Rajasthan - What is a common measure taken to manage flood situations in India?
A) Building check dams
B) Increasing rainfall
C) Deforestation
D) Abandoning riverbanks
Answer: A) Building check dams - What phenomenon is primarily responsible for droughts in India?
A) El Niño
B) La Niña
C) Urban heat islands
D) Tropical cyclones
Answer: A) El Niño - Which organization is responsible for monitoring flood situations in India?
A) ISRO
B) IMD (India Meteorological Department)
C) NDRF (National Disaster Response Force)
D) CWC (Central Water Commission)
Answer: B) IMD (India Meteorological Department) - What is the term for the condition when a region experiences below-average rainfall for an extended period?
A) Flood
B) Drought
C) Water scarcity
D) Dry spell
Answer: B) Drought - Which crop is most adversely affected by drought conditions in India?
A) Rice
B) Wheat
C) Pulses
D) Sugarcane
Answer: A) Rice - Which is a major consequence of prolonged droughts in India?
A) Soil erosion
B) Increased groundwater recharge
C) Improvement in crop yield
D) Flooding
Answer: A) Soil erosion - What strategy is commonly employed to mitigate the effects of drought?
A) Rainwater harvesting
B) Urban development
C) River diversion
D) Deforestation
Answer: A) Rainwater harvesting - Which region of India is particularly vulnerable to both floods and droughts?
A) Coastal regions
B) Himalayan regions
C) Indo-Gangetic plains
D) Desert regions
Answer: C) Indo-Gangetic plains - What is the primary source of water for irrigation in drought-prone areas of India?
A) Canals
B) Rainwater
C) Groundwater
D) Rivers
Answer: C) Groundwater - Which of the following is a characteristic of flood-prone areas in India?
A) High elevation
B) Low population density
C) Proximity to rivers
D) Arid climate
Answer: C) Proximity to rivers - Which government initiative aims to improve drought resilience in agriculture?
A) PM KISAN
B) Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana
C) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
D) Make in India
Answer: B) Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana - The Sardar Sarovar Dam was constructed primarily to manage:
A) Floods
B) Droughts
C) Both floods and droughts
D) Urban water supply
Answer: C) Both floods and droughts - Which state in India is most affected by the recurring drought due to its arid climate?
A) Gujarat
B) Maharashtra
C) Odisha
D) Uttar Pradesh
Answer: A) Gujarat - What is the main purpose of floodplain zoning?
A) To increase agricultural output
B) To control urbanization
C) To reduce flood risks
D) To promote tourism
Answer: C) To reduce flood risks - Which of the following is an environmental impact of flooding?
A) Increase in biodiversity
B) Pollution of water bodies
C) Soil fertility improvement
D) Expansion of green cover
Answer: B) Pollution of water bodies - Which technological advancement is helping in flood forecasting?
A) GIS (Geographic Information System)
B) GPS (Global Positioning System)
C) Nanotechnology
D) Artificial Intelligence
Answer: A) GIS (Geographic Information System) - Which river is known for causing severe floods in Uttar Pradesh?
A) Yamuna
B) Ganges
C) Ghaghara
D) Brahmaputra
Answer: C) Ghaghara - What role does afforestation play in flood management?
A) It increases rainfall
B) It reduces soil erosion
C) It decreases groundwater levels
D) It leads to urban expansion
Answer: B) It reduces soil erosion - Which of the following is a sustainable practice for managing drought conditions?
A) Intensive agriculture
B) Crop rotation
C) Monoculture farming
D) Over-extraction of groundwater
Answer: B) Crop rotation - In which year did India face one of its worst droughts in recent history, affecting large parts of the country?
A) 2012
B) 2015
C) 2016
D) 2019
Answer: B) 2015 - Which sector is most affected by drought conditions in India?
A) Industrial
B) Agricultural
C) Service
D) Construction
Answer: B) Agricultural - What is the main challenge in managing floodwaters effectively?
A) Lack of technology
B) Insufficient rainfall
C) Rapid urbanization
D) Government policies
Answer: C) Rapid urbanization - Which program was launched by the Government of India to improve the management of water resources?
A) Jal Shakti Abhiyan
B) Make in India
C) Skill India
D) Digital India
Answer: A) Jal Shakti Abhiyan - Which of the following measures is taken to recharge groundwater in drought-prone areas?
A) Rainwater harvesting
B) Urbanization
C) Industrialization
D) Forest clearing
Answer: A) Rainwater harvesting - What is the impact of climate change on floods in India?
A) Decreased frequency of floods
B) Increased intensity and frequency of floods
C) No impact
D) Reduction in monsoon rainfall
Answer: B) Increased intensity and frequency of floods - Which of the following is NOT a method of flood management?
A) Building levees
B) Channelization of rivers
C) Deforestation
D) Floodplain zoning
Answer: C) Deforestation
These MCQs cover various aspects of floods and droughts in India, including their causes, consequences, and management strategies, making them suitable for Civil Services Examination preparation.
