MCQs on The Geography of Natural Disasters in India: Vulnerability and Mitigation

Which of the following is the most vulnerable state in India to earthquakes?
- A) Punjab
- B) Uttar Pradesh
- C) Maharashtra
- D) Gujarat
  Answer: D) Gujarat
What is the primary cause of floods in the Indo-Gangetic Plain?
- A) Deforestation
- B) Monsoon rains
- C) Tsunamis
- D) Earthquakes
  Answer: B) Monsoon rains
Which natural disaster is most commonly associated with the Himalayas?
- A) Tsunamis
- B) Earthquakes
- C) Droughts
- D) Floods
  Answer: B) Earthquakes
The Indian government has launched which program to enhance disaster resilience?
- A) National Disaster Management Plan
- B) Swachh Bharat Mission
- C) Make in India
- D) Digital India
  Answer: A) National Disaster Management Plan
What is the primary geological feature that makes the North-Eastern states of India vulnerable to landslides?
- A) Flat terrain
- B) Volcanic activity
- C) Hilly terrain and heavy rainfall
- D) Desert conditions
  Answer: C) Hilly terrain and heavy rainfall
Which of the following natural disasters is characterized by a sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust?
- A) Flood
- B) Drought
- C) Earthquake
- D) Cyclone
  Answer: C) Earthquake
Which Indian state is most prone to cyclones?
- A) Maharashtra
- B) Odisha
- C) Madhya Pradesh
- D) Rajasthan
  Answer: B) Odisha
Which of the following factors contributes to the vulnerability of coastal areas in India to tsunamis?
- A) High population density
- B) Lack of awareness
- C) All of the above
- D) Urban development
  Answer: C) All of the above
The Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004 had a significant impact on which of the following regions?
- A) West Bengal
- B) Kerala
- C) Tamil Nadu
- D) Gujarat
  Answer: C) Tamil Nadu
What is the main objective of the Disaster Management Act of 2005 in India?
- A) To promote urban development
- B) To provide a framework for disaster management
- C) To enhance agricultural productivity
- D) To regulate industrial activities
  Answer: B) To provide a framework for disaster management
Which of the following is NOT a type of natural disaster?
- A) Floods
- B) Earthquakes
- C) Inflation
- D) Cyclones
  Answer: C) Inflation
What type of hazard is primarily caused by human activities, leading to increased vulnerability to disasters?
- A) Natural hazards
- B) Technological hazards
- C) Biological hazards
- D) Geological hazards
  Answer: B) Technological hazards
Which of the following rivers is most associated with flooding in Bihar?
- A) Ganga
- B) Yamuna
- C) Brahmaputra
- D) Godavari
  Answer: A) Ganga
What is the role of the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) in India?
- A) To regulate land use
- B) To respond to natural disasters
- C) To provide financial assistance
- D) To develop infrastructure
  Answer: B) To respond to natural disasters
Which type of natural disaster is characterized by prolonged absence of rainfall?
- A) Flood
- B) Drought
- C) Earthquake
- D) Cyclone
  Answer: B) Drought
Which of the following states in India is known for experiencing severe drought conditions?
- A) Kerala
- B) Punjab
- C) Rajasthan
- D) Himachal Pradesh
  Answer: C) Rajasthan
What is the term used for the region in India that is particularly vulnerable to earthquakes?
- A) Zone I
- B) Zone II
- C) Zone III
- D) Zone IV
  Answer: D) Zone IV
Which of the following is a common preventive measure against floods?
- A) Deforestation
- B) Building check dams
- C) Urban sprawl
- D) Mining activities
  Answer: B) Building check dams
The frequency of cyclones in the Bay of Bengal is primarily influenced by which of the following factors?
- A) Ocean currents
- B) Monsoon winds
- C) Atmospheric pressure
- D) All of the above
  Answer: D) All of the above
What is the primary purpose of conducting risk assessments in disaster management?
- A) To allocate funds
- B) To understand vulnerabilities and prepare mitigation strategies
- C) To promote tourism
- D) To build infrastructure
  Answer: B) To understand vulnerabilities and prepare mitigation strategies
What is the primary impact of urbanization on the vulnerability of cities to natural disasters?
- A) Increased green spaces
- B) Enhanced disaster resilience
- C) Higher population density and strain on infrastructure
- D) Reduced economic activities
  Answer: C) Higher population density and strain on infrastructure
Which natural disaster is often caused by deforestation and poor land management practices?
- A) Earthquakes
- B) Floods
- C) Tsunamis
- D) Tornadoes
  Answer: B) Floods
The Indian government has developed the National Policy on Disaster Management in which year?
- A) 1999
- B) 2001
- C) 2005
- D) 2010
  Answer: C) 2005
Which of the following is a significant factor contributing to the increasing frequency of natural disasters in India?
- A) Climate change
- B) Urban planning
- C) Increased forest cover
- D) Population control
  Answer: A) Climate change
Which disaster management strategy focuses on reducing the impact of disasters before they occur?
- A) Response
- B) Recovery
- C) Preparedness
- D) Mitigation
  Answer: D) Mitigation
What percentage of India’s geographical area is prone to earthquakes?
- A) 30%
- B) 40%
- C) 60%
- D) 70%
  Answer: C) 60%
Which of the following sectors is most affected by drought conditions?
- A) Manufacturing
- B) Agriculture
- C) IT
- D) Tourism
  Answer: B) Agriculture
What is the main reason for the increase in disaster-related deaths in recent years?
- A) Improved early warning systems
- B) Climate change and environmental degradation
- C) Decreased population density
- D) Better healthcare facilities
  Answer: B) Climate change and environmental degradation
Which of the following is a primary challenge in disaster management in India?
- A) High literacy rates
- B) Poor infrastructure and resource allocation
- C) Strong government policies
- D) Effective community participation
  Answer: B) Poor infrastructure and resource allocation
The concept of ‘Disaster Risk Reduction’ emphasizes which of the following?
- A) Emergency response
- B) Preparedness and resilience-building
- C) Recovery and rehabilitation
- D) Environmental conservation
  Answer: B) Preparedness and resilience-building

These MCQs cover various aspects of natural disasters in India, including their geography, vulnerability, mitigation strategies, and the role of government policies.

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