MCQs on “The Role of Science in Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals”
1. Which Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) focuses on affordable and clean energy?
A. SDG 3
B. SDG 7
C. SDG 12
D. SDG 15
Answer: B. SDG 7
2. What role does science play in achieving SDG 13 on climate action?
A. Provides policy recommendations
B. Develops renewable energy solutions
C. Enhances climate monitoring systems
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
3. Which field of science is most relevant for ensuring food security under SDG 2?
A. Astrophysics
B. Agronomy
C. Geology
D. Archaeology
Answer: B. Agronomy
4. SDG 6 focuses on clean water and sanitation. Which scientific innovation has been most impactful in achieving this goal?
A. Electric vehicles
B. Water purification technologies
C. Space exploration
D. Blockchain
Answer: B. Water purification technologies
5. What is the target year for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals?
A. 2030
B. 2040
C. 2050
D. 2025
Answer: A. 2030
6. Which branch of science supports SDG 14, life below water?
A. Marine biology
B. Astronomy
C. Botany
D. Nanotechnology
Answer: A. Marine biology
7. What does SDG 9 emphasize?
A. Innovation, infrastructure, and industry
B. Gender equality
C. Sustainable cities and communities
D. Quality education
Answer: A. Innovation, infrastructure, and industry
8. Which of the following scientific advancements contributes to reducing inequalities (SDG 10)?
A. Artificial intelligence for accessibility
B. Space exploration
C. DNA sequencing
D. Particle physics research
Answer: A. Artificial intelligence for accessibility
9. SDG 12 aims to ensure sustainable consumption and production. Which practice is an example of this?
A. Linear economy
B. Circular economy
C. Fossil fuel reliance
D. Deforestation
Answer: B. Circular economy
10. Which technology is crucial for achieving SDG 11 on sustainable cities and communities?
A. Smart grid technology
B. Nuclear reactors
C. Deep-sea mining
D. Space telescopes
Answer: A. Smart grid technology
11. How does biotechnology contribute to SDG 15 (Life on Land)?
A. Through wildlife tracking
B. By developing drought-resistant crops
C. By enhancing weather forecasting
D. By creating medical imaging tools
Answer: B. By developing drought-resistant crops
12. Which SDG aligns most closely with advancements in clean energy?
A. SDG 8
B. SDG 7
C. SDG 4
D. SDG 2
Answer: B. SDG 7
13. What is the key role of data science in achieving the SDGs?
A. Replacing traditional policies
B. Generating real-time insights for monitoring
C. Disrupting education systems
D. Promoting unsustainable practices
Answer: B. Generating real-time insights for monitoring
14. Which scientific field is crucial for SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being)?
A. Quantum mechanics
B. Biomedical sciences
C. Anthropology
D. Oceanography
Answer: B. Biomedical sciences
15. How can nanotechnology support clean water initiatives?
A. By detecting microbial contamination
B. By creating durable construction materials
C. By monitoring traffic patterns
D. By advancing aviation
Answer: A. By detecting microbial contamination
16. What is the primary focus of SDG 1?
A. Zero hunger
B. No poverty
C. Gender equality
D. Reduced inequalities
Answer: B. No poverty
17. Which scientific approach is most important for combating climate change?
A. Machine learning
B. Renewable energy development
C. Archeological studies
D. Criminology
Answer: B. Renewable energy development
18. How does geospatial technology contribute to achieving the SDGs?
A. By mapping natural resources
B. By developing nanomedicines
C. By creating economic models
D. By advancing space exploration
Answer: A. By mapping natural resources
19. Which SDG is directly supported by advances in education technology?
A. SDG 2
B. SDG 4
C. SDG 8
D. SDG 14
Answer: B. SDG 4
20. How does artificial intelligence aid in achieving SDG 13?
A. By managing water resources
B. By optimizing renewable energy systems
C. By automating health diagnostics
D. By supporting fossil fuel extraction
Answer: B. By optimizing renewable energy systems
21. Which SDG focuses on partnerships for sustainable development?
A. SDG 16
B. SDG 5
C. SDG 17
D. SDG 8
Answer: C. SDG 17
22. What is the focus of SDG 8?
A. Decent work and economic growth
B. Affordable energy
C. Reducing inequalities
D. Life below water
Answer: A. Decent work and economic growth
23. How does science contribute to SDG 5 on gender equality?
A. Through space exploration
B. By promoting digital inclusion for women
C. By enhancing satellite communication
D. By creating educational robots
Answer: B. By promoting digital inclusion for women
24. What is the significance of precision agriculture for SDGs?
A. Enhances crop yield and reduces waste
B. Promotes industrial automation
C. Increases fossil fuel use
D. Replaces manual labor entirely
Answer: A. Enhances crop yield and reduces waste
25. What does SDG 16 focus on?
A. Peace, justice, and strong institutions
B. Sustainable cities
C. Zero hunger
D. Affordable healthcare
Answer: A. Peace, justice, and strong institutions
26. How do satellites contribute to achieving SDG 13?
A. By improving climate monitoring
B. By providing food security
C. By boosting e-commerce
D. By advancing genetic engineering
Answer: A. By improving climate monitoring
27. What is the role of ICT in achieving SDGs?
A. Ensuring internet access for underserved areas
B. Monitoring agricultural productivity
C. Enabling e-governance
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
28. Which goal prioritizes sustainable industrialization?
A. SDG 1
B. SDG 9
C. SDG 14
D. SDG 12
Answer: B. SDG 9
29. Which innovation aligns with SDG 7’s focus on clean energy?
A. Wind turbines
B. Coal power plants
C. Nuclear fission reactors
D. Gasoline engines
Answer: A. Wind turbines
30. Which SDG is supported by advancements in green building technologies?
A. SDG 11
B. SDG 15
C. SDG 6
D. SDG 5
Answer: A. SDG 11
