MCQs on the topic “Deforestation and Its Impact on Climate and Biodiversity”

1. What is the primary cause of deforestation in tropical regions?

a) Urbanization
b) Agriculture expansion
c) Industrialization
d) Climate change

Answer: b) Agriculture expansion

2. Deforestation contributes to global warming primarily through which mechanism?

a) Increased carbon dioxide absorption
b) Increased methane release
c) Release of stored carbon in trees
d) Decreased water vapor release

Answer: c) Release of stored carbon in trees

3. Which of the following is a consequence of deforestation on biodiversity?

a) Increased species migration
b) Loss of habitats
c) Increased soil fertility
d) Decreased global temperatures

Answer: b) Loss of habitats

4. Which of the following is a direct impact of deforestation on the water cycle?

a) Increase in rainfall
b) Decrease in evaporation
c) Reduced infiltration of water into the soil
d) Increase in groundwater recharge

Answer: c) Reduced infiltration of water into the soil

5. What percentage of Earth’s biodiversity is found in tropical rainforests?

a) 10%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d) 75%

Answer: c) 50%

6. Which of the following international agreements addresses the issue of deforestation?

a) Kyoto Protocol
b) Paris Agreement
c) Convention on Biological Diversity
d) Convention to Combat Desertification

Answer: c) Convention on Biological Diversity

7. Which of the following activities is most responsible for deforestation in Southeast Asia?

a) Mining
b) Agriculture (especially palm oil plantations)
c) Logging
d) Urbanization

Answer: b) Agriculture (especially palm oil plantations)

8. Which of the following trees is most commonly affected by illegal logging in the Amazon Rainforest?

a) Mahogany
b) Pine
c) Oak
d) Sequoia

Answer: a) Mahogany

9. Deforestation has the potential to exacerbate which global environmental issue?

a) Soil erosion
b) Desertification
c) Ocean acidification
d) Ozone depletion

Answer: b) Desertification

10. What is the term used for the cutting down of trees for commercial purposes?

a) Agroforestry
b) Afforestation
c) Deforestation
d) Reforestation

Answer: c) Deforestation

11. How does deforestation contribute to the greenhouse effect?

a) It leads to a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions.
b) It increases the number of carbon sinks.
c) It reduces the absorption of carbon dioxide by trees.
d) It increases soil oxygen levels.

Answer: c) It reduces the absorption of carbon dioxide by trees.

12. What is a potential long-term effect of deforestation on the climate?

a) Decreased rainfall
b) Cooling of the atmosphere
c) Increased snowpack
d) Stabilization of atmospheric temperatures

Answer: a) Decreased rainfall

13. Which of the following is a major cause of deforestation in India?

a) Mining
b) Development of hydroelectric power projects
c) Shifting cultivation (slash and burn agriculture)
d) Overgrazing by livestock

Answer: c) Shifting cultivation (slash and burn agriculture)

14. Which of the following forest types is most threatened by deforestation?

a) Boreal forests
b) Tropical rainforests
c) Temperate forests
d) Savannas

Answer: b) Tropical rainforests

15. The practice of replanting trees in areas that have been deforested is known as:

a) Deforestation
b) Afforestation
c) Reforestation
d) Desertification

Answer: c) Reforestation

16. Which of the following can be a solution to mitigate the effects of deforestation?

a) Increasing industrialization
b) Implementing sustainable forestry practices
c) Promoting illegal logging activities
d) Reducing global temperatures

Answer: b) Implementing sustainable forestry practices

17. Which of the following forest-based ecosystems is most vulnerable to deforestation?

a) Tundra
b) Tropical rainforest
c) Temperate grasslands
d) Savanna

Answer: b) Tropical rainforest

18. The major driver of deforestation in the Amazon Rainforest is:

a) Illegal logging
b) Agriculture expansion (especially soy and cattle farming)
c) Mining for precious metals
d) Urbanization

Answer: b) Agriculture expansion (especially soy and cattle farming)

19. Which country is most associated with the loss of the Amazon Rainforest?

a) India
b) Brazil
c) Indonesia
d) Australia

Answer: b) Brazil

20. Which of the following is a non-governmental organization that works against deforestation?

a) WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature)
b) UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme)
c) WHO (World Health Organization)
d) WTO (World Trade Organization)

Answer: a) WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature)

21. Which gas is released from trees when they are burned or decomposed, contributing to global warming?

a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Methane

Answer: c) Carbon dioxide

22. Which region has faced severe deforestation due to illegal logging, especially for rosewood?

a) Southeast Asia
b) Central America
c) Africa
d) South Asia

Answer: a) Southeast Asia

23. Which of the following is a key environmental service provided by forests that is negatively impacted by deforestation?

a) Oxygen production
b) Carbon sequestration
c) Both a and b
d) Water purification

Answer: c) Both a and b

24. How can deforestation lead to loss of biodiversity?

a) By reducing species richness and ecosystem diversity
b) By creating urban sprawl
c) By increasing soil fertility
d) By improving species adaptation

Answer: a) By reducing species richness and ecosystem diversity

25. The Kyoto Protocol, an international treaty aimed at combating climate change, addresses deforestation under which mechanism?

a) Carbon trading
b) Greenhouse gas reduction
c) Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD)
d) Renewable energy promotion

Answer: c) Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD)

26. Which of the following is a consequence of deforestation on soil?

a) Increased soil fertility
b) Soil erosion
c) Increased organic matter
d) Decreased soil salinity

Answer: b) Soil erosion

27. Which of the following policies can help prevent deforestation?

a) Promoting non-sustainable logging practices
b) Incentivizing urbanization in forest areas
c) Establishing protected areas and wildlife reserves
d) Expanding agricultural activities

Answer: c) Establishing protected areas and wildlife reserves

28. In which country has the issue of deforestation led to a major national debate about “forest fire management” and policy reforms?

a) China
b) India
c) USA
d) Australia

Answer: b) India

29. Which of the following is the term for planting trees to replace those lost to deforestation?

a) Reforestation
b) Afforestation
c) Ecotourism
d) Desertification

Answer: a) Reforestation

30. Deforestation in the Congo Basin in Africa has led to:

a) Desertification
b) Loss of species such as gorillas
c) Agricultural boom
d) Increased snowfall

Answer: b) Loss of species such as gorillas