Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers on “Inter-State Water Disputes: Constitutional Mechanisms and Challenges” suitable for the Civil Services Examination

Which Article of the Indian Constitution deals with the distribution of water resources among states?
- A) Article 262
- B) Article 256
- C) Article 297
- D) Article 356
  Answer: A) Article 262
The River Boards Act was enacted in which year?
- A) 1956
- B) 1962
- C) 1976
- D) 1985
  Answer: A) 1956
Which of the following bodies is responsible for resolving inter-state water disputes?
- A) Supreme Court of India
- B) National Green Tribunal
- C) Inter-State Water Disputes Tribunal
- D) Central Water Commission
  Answer: C) Inter-State Water Disputes Tribunal
The Cauvery Water Dispute is primarily between which two states?
- A) Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
- B) Maharashtra and Gujarat
- C) Punjab and Haryana
- D) Uttar Pradesh and Bihar
  Answer: A) Karnataka and Tamil Nadu
Which constitutional provision empowers Parliament to legislate on water disputes?
- A) Article 246
- B) Article 254
- C) Article 262
- D) Article 276
  Answer: C) Article 262
Which state has been involved in the Krishna River water dispute?
- A) Maharashtra
- B) Karnataka
- C) Andhra Pradesh
- D) All of the above
  Answer: D) All of the above
The term “riparian rights” refers to:
- A) Rights of states to use water based on population
- B) Rights of landowners adjacent to a water source
- C) Rights conferred by the central government
- D) None of the above
  Answer: B) Rights of landowners adjacent to a water source
Which commission was established to look into the distribution of the Godavari River waters?
- A) Krishan Water Disputes Tribunal
- B) Godavari Water Disputes Tribunal
- C) Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal
- D) Ganga Water Disputes Tribunal
  Answer: B) Godavari Water Disputes Tribunal
What is the main challenge in resolving inter-state water disputes in India?
- A) Lack of scientific data
- B) Political interests of states
- C) Inadequate legislation
- D) All of the above
  Answer: D) All of the above
Which of the following is NOT a method for resolving inter-state water disputes?
- A) Negotiation
- B) Mediation
- C) Abrogation
- D) Arbitration
  Answer: C) Abrogation
The Maharashtra-Karnataka border water dispute involves which river?
- A) Krishna
- B) Godavari
- C) Kaveri
- D) Narmada
  Answer: A) Krishna
Which constitutional body can advise the government on water resource management?
- A) Planning Commission
- B) Finance Commission
- C) Central Water Commission
- D) National Development Council
  Answer: C) Central Water Commission
The National Water Policy of India was first formulated in which year?
- A) 1987
- B) 2002
- C) 2012
- D) 2019
  Answer: B) 2002
The inter-state water disputes are often a result of:
- A) Increased demand for water
- B) Population growth
- C) Climate change
- D) All of the above
  Answer: D) All of the above
Which state was involved in the inter-state water dispute concerning the Sutlej river?
- A) Rajasthan
- B) Himachal Pradesh
- C) Punjab
- D) Haryana
  Answer: C) Punjab
Which Article provides for the establishment of tribunals for inter-state water disputes?
- A) Article 263
- B) Article 262
- C) Article 268
- D) Article 270
  Answer: B) Article 262
Which river is associated with the Punjab-Haryana water dispute?
- A) Beas
- B) Ravi
- C) Sutlej
- D) All of the above
  Answer: D) All of the above
What does the term “water sharing” imply in the context of inter-state disputes?
- A) Equal distribution among all states
- B) Agreement on quantity and quality of water to be shared
- C) Temporary allocation of water resources
- D) None of the above
  Answer: B) Agreement on quantity and quality of water to be shared
Which of the following acts provides for the establishment of River Boards?
- A) River Boards Act, 1956
- B) Water Resources Act, 2000
- C) Inter-State River Water Disputes Act, 1956
- D) National Water Act, 2015
  Answer: A) River Boards Act, 1956
What is a major impediment in the successful resolution of water disputes among states?
- A) Technical complexities
- B) Historical claims and rivalries
- C) Lack of inter-state cooperation
- D) All of the above
  Answer: D) All of the above
Which river is central to the inter-state dispute involving Tamil Nadu and Karnataka?
- A) Krishna
- B) Godavari
- C) Kaveri
- D) Yamuna
  Answer: C) Kaveri
In 2018, which state’s request for the constitution of a new tribunal for the Mahadayi river dispute was granted?
- A) Maharashtra
- B) Goa
- C) Karnataka
- D) Andhra Pradesh
  Answer: C) Karnataka
The Supreme Court can exercise jurisdiction in water disputes under which article of the Constitution?
- A) Article 136
- B) Article 137
- C) Article 142
- D) Article 144
  Answer: C) Article 142
Which state has a water dispute involving the Tapti river?
- A) Gujarat
- B) Maharashtra
- C) Madhya Pradesh
- D) All of the above
  Answer: D) All of the above
The ‘Panchayati Raj’ system indirectly affects water disputes as it:
- A) Empowers local governance
- B) Reduces state control over water resources
- C) Centralizes water management
- D) None of the above
  Answer: A) Empowers local governance
Which constitutional amendment gave states the right to manage their own water resources?
- A) 73rd Amendment
- B) 74th Amendment
- C) 86th Amendment
- D) 91st Amendment
  Answer: B) 74th Amendment
The major objective of the National Water Policy is to:
- A) Increase agricultural output
- B) Ensure sustainable water resource management
- C) Privatize water resources
- D) None of the above
  Answer: B) Ensure sustainable water resource management
Which committee recommended a National Water Resource Policy in India?
- A) H.M. Das Committee
- B) Rajiv Gandhi Committee
- C) National Commission for Integrated Water Resources Development
- D) All of the above
  Answer: C) National Commission for Integrated Water Resources Development
The Inter-State Water Disputes Act was enacted in which year?
- A) 1956
- B) 1961
- C) 1980
- D) 1991
  Answer: A) 1956
Which of the following best describes the nature of inter-state water disputes in India?
- A) Political
- B) Technical
- C) Legal
- D) All of the above
  Answer: D) All of the above

These questions and answers provide a comprehensive overview of the topic and are suitable for examination preparation.

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