Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers on “Role of Indian Judiciary in Ensuring Social Justice” for the Civil Services Examination
1. Which part of the Indian Constitution directly focuses on social justice?
A. Part I
B. Part II
C. Part III
D. Part IV
Answer: D. Part IV
2. Which of the following judgments is associated with the protection of the right to education under Article 21A?
A. Kesavananda Bharati Case
B. Unnikrishnan Case
C. Vishakha Case
D. Indira Sawhney Case
Answer: B. Unnikrishnan Case
3. Which Article of the Constitution empowers the judiciary to issue writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights?
A. Article 32
B. Article 44
C. Article 356
D. Article 50
Answer: A. Article 32
4. The Indian Judiciary plays a crucial role in ensuring social justice through which of the following doctrines?
A. Doctrine of Basic Structure
B. Doctrine of Estoppel
C. Doctrine of Separation of Powers
D. Doctrine of Laches
Answer: A. Doctrine of Basic Structure
5. The Supreme Court’s judgment in which case is often considered a landmark decision for the reservation policy in India?
A. Minerva Mills Case
B. Maneka Gandhi Case
C. Indira Sawhney Case
D. Golaknath Case
Answer: C. Indira Sawhney Case
6. Which judicial principle ensures that all actions of the government are in accordance with the law?
A. Rule of Law
B. Separation of Powers
C. Federalism
D. Collective Responsibility
Answer: A. Rule of Law
7. Which of the following cases led to the creation of the “Vishakha Guidelines” on sexual harassment at the workplace?
A. Vishakha vs. State of Rajasthan
B. Olga Tellis vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation
C. MC Mehta vs. Union of India
D. Maneka Gandhi vs. Union of India
Answer: A. Vishakha vs. State of Rajasthan
8. Which Article of the Indian Constitution allows the Supreme Court to protect Fundamental Rights?
A. Article 226
B. Article 368
C. Article 142
D. Article 32
Answer: D. Article 32
9. Which concept was developed by the Indian Judiciary to ensure a fair trial for underprivileged sections?
A. Legal Aid
B. Habeas Corpus
C. Doctrine of Eclipse
D. Plea Bargaining
Answer: A. Legal Aid
10. The Indian Judiciary has a significant role in securing environmental justice. Which case is considered a landmark for environmental protection?
A. Golaknath Case
B. MC Mehta vs. Union of India
C. Shankari Prasad Case
D. SR Bommai Case
Answer: B. MC Mehta vs. Union of India
11. In the Maneka Gandhi vs. Union of India case, the Supreme Court expanded the interpretation of which Fundamental Right?
A. Right to Equality
B. Right to Education
C. Right to Freedom
D. Right to Life and Personal Liberty
Answer: D. Right to Life and Personal Liberty
12. Which writ can be issued by the Judiciary to compel a public authority to perform a duty it has failed to perform?
A. Habeas Corpus
B. Mandamus
C. Quo Warranto
D. Certiorari
Answer: B. Mandamus
13. The concept of “Public Interest Litigation” (PIL) was introduced by the judiciary to address issues related to?
A. Criminal cases
B. Individual grievances
C. Collective and social justice
D. Government accountability
Answer: C. Collective and social justice
14. Which case is related to judicial intervention in ensuring the Right to Shelter as part of social justice?
A. Olga Tellis vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation
B. Indira Gandhi vs. Raj Narain
C. Minerva Mills vs. Union of India
D. AK Gopalan vs. State of Madras
Answer: A. Olga Tellis vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation
15. The judiciary’s role in ensuring social justice includes protecting the rights of marginalized communities under which Article of the Constitution?
A. Article 15
B. Article 20
C. Article 19
D. Article 21
Answer: A. Article 15
16. Which Fundamental Right has been interpreted to include the right to a healthy environment?
A. Right to Equality
B. Right to Freedom of Speech
C. Right to Constitutional Remedies
D. Right to Life
Answer: D. Right to Life
17. The judiciary’s interpretation of which Article has strengthened social justice through reservation policies?
A. Article 19
B. Article 29
C. Article 16
D. Article 25
Answer: C. Article 16
18. Which case is a landmark in securing the fundamental right to privacy as part of social justice?
A. Navtej Singh Johar vs. Union of India
B. Puttaswamy vs. Union of India
C. Sabrimala Case
D. Kesavananda Bharati Case
Answer: B. Puttaswamy vs. Union of India
19. The Indian Judiciary’s role in enforcing the Directive Principles of State Policy is showcased in which case?
A. Kesavananda Bharati Case
B. Minerva Mills Case
C. Golaknath Case
D. SR Bommai Case
Answer: B. Minerva Mills Case
20. Which of the following is a preventive detention case that challenged the violation of personal liberty?
A. AK Gopalan vs. State of Madras
B. Golaknath vs. State of Punjab
C. Kesavananda Bharati vs. State of Kerala
D. Shankari Prasad vs. Union of India
Answer: A. AK Gopalan vs. State of Madras
21. The concept of “Basic Structure” doctrine, which ensures the protection of fundamental rights and social justice, was laid down in which case?
A. Golaknath Case
B. Kesavananda Bharati Case
C. Indira Sawhney Case
D. Shankari Prasad Case
Answer: B. Kesavananda Bharati Case
22. Which writ is used by the judiciary to prevent the illegal detention of an individual?
A. Quo Warranto
B. Certiorari
C. Habeas Corpus
D. Mandamus
Answer: C. Habeas Corpus
23. Which case strengthened the judiciary’s role in ensuring social justice for the LGBTQ+ community?
A. Vishakha Case
B. Navtej Singh Johar Case
C. Unnikrishnan Case
D. Sabrimala Case
Answer: B. Navtej Singh Johar Case
24. Which Article of the Constitution allows for the reservation of seats for SC/STs in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies?
A. Article 330
B. Article 356
C. Article 124
D. Article 370
Answer: A. Article 330
25. Which Indian Chief Justice is known for expanding the scope of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) to ensure social justice?
A. Justice JS Verma
B. Justice PN Bhagwati
C. Justice MH Kania
D. Justice YV Chandrachud
Answer: B. Justice PN Bhagwati
26. The Supreme Court’s judgment in the NALSA vs. Union of India case granted legal recognition to which group for social justice?
A. Women
B. LGBTQ+ community
C. Transgender persons
D. Scheduled Tribes
Answer: C. Transgender persons
27. The judiciary in India has ensured social justice in labor laws through which landmark case?
A. Bandhua Mukti Morcha Case
B. Golaknath Case
C. Kesavananda Bharati Case
D. MC Mehta Case
Answer: A. Bandhua Mukti Morcha Case
28. Which Article mandates the Equal Justice and Free Legal Aid clause as a Directive Principle of State Policy?
A. Article 37
B. Article 39A
C. Article 50
D. Article 44
Answer: B. Article 39A
29. The judiciary’s intervention in which case highlighted the issue of bonded labor in India?
A. Bandhua Mukti Morcha Case
B. Vishakha Case
C. Sabrimala Case
D. Kesavananda Bharati Case
Answer: A. Bandhua Mukti Morcha Case
30. Which of the following cases is related to the protection of marginalized women’s rights in India?
A. Vishakha vs. State of Rajasthan
B. Navtej Singh Johar vs. Union of India
C. Maneka Gandhi vs. Union of India
D. Minerva Mills vs. Union of India
Answer: A. Vishakha vs. State of Rajasthan
These questions cover key judicial cases, constitutional provisions, and the role of the judiciary in ensuring social justice in India.
