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Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers on “The Cultural and Scientific Achievements of Ancient Civilizations – World History”

 

1. Which ancient civilization is credited with the invention of writing, specifically cuneiform?

A) Egyptians
B) Sumerians
C) Greeks
D) Phoenicians

Answer: B) Sumerians


2. The Pyramids of Giza are associated with which ancient civilization?

A) Mesopotamian
B) Roman
C) Egyptian
D) Mayan

Answer: C) Egyptian


3. Which ancient civilization developed the concept of zero as a number?

A) Greeks
B) Romans
C) Mayans
D) Egyptians

Answer: C) Mayans


4. The Code of Hammurabi, one of the earliest written legal codes, was developed in which civilization?

A) Ancient Egypt
B) Ancient Greece
C) Babylonian
D) Roman

Answer: C) Babylonian


5. The ancient Greeks made significant contributions to which field of study through philosophers like Plato and Aristotle?

A) Medicine
B) Philosophy
C) Mathematics
D) Astronomy

Answer: B) Philosophy


6. The Great Wall of China was built during which ancient Chinese dynasty?

A) Zhou Dynasty
B) Qin Dynasty
C) Han Dynasty
D) Tang Dynasty

Answer: B) Qin Dynasty


7. Which ancient civilization is known for its advanced engineering, including the construction of aqueducts and roads?

A) Greek
B) Roman
C) Egyptian
D) Indus Valley

Answer: B) Roman


8. The Rosetta Stone, which helped scholars decode Egyptian hieroglyphs, features text in how many languages?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Answer: C) Three


9. The Hanging Gardens, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, were located in which city?

A) Alexandria
B) Athens
C) Babylon
D) Rome

Answer: C) Babylon


10. The Hippocratic Oath, still relevant in modern medicine, originated in which ancient civilization?

A) Roman
B) Egyptian
C) Greek
D) Chinese

Answer: C) Greek


11. Which ancient civilization developed the earliest known system of laws, the Ur-Nammu code?

A) Babylonians
B) Egyptians
C) Sumerians
D) Assyrians

Answer: C) Sumerians


12. The city of Mohenjo-Daro, known for its advanced urban planning, was part of which ancient civilization?

A) Egyptian
B) Indus Valley
C) Mesopotamian
D) Chinese

Answer: B) Indus Valley


13. The practice of mummification was most closely associated with which ancient civilization?

A) Greek
B) Egyptian
C) Roman
D) Persian

Answer: B) Egyptian


14. Which ancient civilization is known for its contributions to mathematics, including the development of geometry?

A) Chinese
B) Mayan
C) Greek
D) Roman

Answer: C) Greek


15. The ancient Greeks are credited with the development of which athletic event that continues today?

A) The Marathon
B) The Olympic Games
C) The World Cup
D) The Tour de France

Answer: B) The Olympic Games


16. Which ancient civilization created the first known calendar based on a 365-day year?

A) Sumerian
B) Roman
C) Egyptian
D) Greek

Answer: C) Egyptian


17. The concept of “Mandate of Heaven,” which justified the rule of kings, originated in which ancient civilization?

A) Egyptian
B) Indian
C) Chinese
D) Roman

Answer: C) Chinese


18. The ancient Indian text, the “Arthashastra,” is primarily concerned with:

A) Medicine
B) Law and governance
C) Astronomy
D) Religion

Answer: B) Law and governance


19. Which ancient civilization is known for creating the earliest known form of democracy?

A) Roman
B) Greek
C) Persian
D) Egyptian

Answer: B) Greek


20. The Lighthouse of Alexandria, another of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, was located in which country?

A) Greece
B) Italy
C) Egypt
D) Persia

Answer: C) Egypt


21. The ancient civilization of Mesopotamia is often referred to as the “Cradle of Civilization” because it was:

A) The birthplace of the first written language
B) The site of the first Olympic Games
C) The location of the first empire
D) The origin of the first democratic government

Answer: A) The birthplace of the first written language


22. Which ancient civilization made significant contributions to the field of astronomy, including the concept of the zodiac?

A) Mayan
B) Greek
C) Egyptian
D) Babylonian

Answer: D) Babylonian


23. The Roman legal system, which greatly influenced modern law, is based on which collection of laws?

A) The Code of Hammurabi
B) The Twelve Tables
C) The Magna Carta
D) The Napoleonic Code

Answer: B) The Twelve Tables


24. The Mayan civilization is known for its advanced knowledge in which field, particularly their accurate calendars?

A) Medicine
B) Astronomy
C) Engineering
D) Philosophy

Answer: B) Astronomy


25. The practice of acupuncture, a significant contribution to medicine, originated in which ancient civilization?

A) Egyptian
B) Indian
C) Chinese
D) Greek

Answer: C) Chinese


26. Which ancient civilization is credited with the invention of papyrus, an early form of paper?

A) Greek
B) Egyptian
C) Roman
D) Babylonian

Answer: B) Egyptian


27. The Parthenon, a temple dedicated to the goddess Athena, is an architectural achievement of which ancient civilization?

A) Roman
B) Greek
C) Egyptian
D) Persian

Answer: B) Greek


28. Which ancient civilization used a base-60 numbering system, influencing our current time-keeping system (e.g., 60 seconds, 60 minutes)?

A) Roman
B) Chinese
C) Greek
D) Sumerian

Answer: D) Sumerian


29. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were supposedly built by King Nebuchadnezzar II for whom?

A) His mother
B) His wife
C) The gods
D) His daughter

Answer: B) His wife


30. The Indus Valley Civilization is noted for its development of which of the following?

A) Hieroglyphics
B) The wheel
C) Urban drainage systems
D) Iron smelting

Answer: C) Urban drainage systems


These questions cover a broad range of cultural and scientific achievements from various ancient civilizations, offering a comprehensive review of the topic.

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