1. The leaf-like structure of a fern is called the _____

2. The central axis of a compound frond is called the

3. The stalk that supports a fern frond (equivalent to a petiole) is called

4. Small leaflets on a pinnate frond are called

5. Clusters of sporangia usually found on the underside of fronds are called

6. The protective outgrowth that covers some sori is called the

7. Each sporangium in a fern typically produces

8. The thick-walled ring of cells that helps in spore dispersal by dehiscence of the sporangium is called the

9. Sori that are surrounded by a rim of tissue (false indusium) are often formed by

10. The arrangement of sori in distinct linear rows along the veins of pinnules is typical of which genus?

11. In many ferns, sori are borne on specialized fertile pinnules called

12. Fern spores are generally _____ (in terms of ploidy) and give rise to the _____ generation.

13. Which structure on the sporangium is primarily responsible for the explosive release of spores in many leptosporangiate ferns?

14. A cluster of sporangia arranged in a circular pattern on a fern pinnule is typically called a

15. In the life cycle of ferns, which generation is dominant and photosynthetic?

16. A stalked cluster of sporangia (with a cup-like structure) seen in some leptosporangiate ferns is known as

17. Fern sporangia are typically arranged in which of the following manners?

18. Which of the following terms describes the smallest divisions of a pinnately divided frond?

19. The presence of a protective indusium is an important taxonomic character. True or False?

20. In which part of the sporangium does meiosis occur to produce spores?

21. The term 'leptosporangiate' refers to ferns having

22. Which of the following terms describes sori located at the margin of the pinnule?

23. Which structure often provides nutrition to developing spores inside the sporangium?

24. The position of sori is useful in fern identification because

25. Which of the following is NOT a function of fronds?

26. In ferns, sori attached along veins (on the vein tips) are described as

27. Which of the following best describes a fertile frond?

28. Which of the following terms describes a frond that is divided more than once (compound twice)?

29. The protostele or vascular arrangement in the rachis of many ferns is typically

30. Which feature distinguishes true ferns from fern allies like Selaginella or Equisetum in terms of sori/sporangia?