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Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on “Mahatma Gandhi’s Legacy and Its Relevance Today” designed for civil services examination preparation, along with their answers
1. What was Mahatma Gandhi’s concept of ‘Satyagraha’?
a) Armed struggle
b) Passive resistance
c) Nonviolent resistance based on truth
d) Rebellion against the British
Answer: c) Nonviolent resistance based on truth
2. Which of the following movements was led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930?
a) Quit India Movement
b) Non-Cooperation Movement
c) Civil Disobedience Movement
d) Champaran Satyagraha
Answer: c) Civil Disobedience Movement
3. In which year did Mahatma Gandhi launch the Salt March (Dandi March)?
a) 1920
b) 1930
c) 1935
d) 1942
Answer: b) 1930
4. Which book was written by Mahatma Gandhi outlining his views on non-violence?
a) Hind Swaraj
b) The Story of My Experiments with Truth
c) My India
d) Discovery of India
Answer: a) Hind Swaraj
5. Which movement is considered as Gandhi’s first major involvement in Indian political struggle?
a) Non-Cooperation Movement
b) Kheda Satyagraha
c) Champaran Satyagraha
d) Quit India Movement
Answer: c) Champaran Satyagraha
6. Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated on which date?
a) January 26, 1948
b) January 30, 1948
c) February 14, 1948
d) August 15, 1948
Answer: b) January 30, 1948
7. What was Gandhi’s approach toward industrialization in India?
a) Large-scale industrialization
b) Small-scale village industries
c) Complete rejection of technology
d) Heavy reliance on foreign investments
Answer: b) Small-scale village industries
8. Which of the following best describes Gandhi’s principle of ‘Ahimsa’?
a) Total non-violence, even in self-defense
b) Use of violence for freedom
c) Non-violence only towards fellow Indians
d) Strategic use of violence
Answer: a) Total non-violence, even in self-defense
9. Where did Mahatma Gandhi first practice Satyagraha?
a) South Africa
b) India
c) England
d) Sri Lanka
Answer: a) South Africa
10. Which of the following movements was called off by Mahatma Gandhi after the Chauri Chaura incident?
a) Quit India Movement
b) Non-Cooperation Movement
c) Civil Disobedience Movement
d) Khilafat Movement
Answer: b) Non-Cooperation Movement
11. What was the focus of Gandhi’s concept of ‘Swaraj’?
a) Political independence only
b) Economic self-reliance
c) Complete self-governance with ethical and moral upliftment
d) Western-style democracy
Answer: c) Complete self-governance with ethical and moral upliftment
12. Which movement started by Gandhi had a significant impact on the rights of the Indian indentured laborers in South Africa?
a) Natal Indian Congress
b) Civil Disobedience Movement
c) The Indian Opinion Movement
d) Passive Resistance Campaign
Answer: d) Passive Resistance Campaign
13. What was the main aim of the Champaran Satyagraha led by Gandhi in 1917?
a) Abolition of salt tax
b) Fight for the rights of indigo farmers
c) Indian independence
d) Education reform
Answer: b) Fight for the rights of indigo farmers
14. Which term did Gandhi use to describe the untouchables, calling them the “Children of God”?
a) Shudras
b) Dalits
c) Harijans
d) Adivasis
Answer: c) Harijans
15. Mahatma Gandhi’s idea of economic equality is best represented through which concept?
a) Capitalism
b) Socialism
c) Trusteeship
d) Communism
Answer: c) Trusteeship
16. In which country did Gandhi start his movement against racial discrimination before returning to India?
a) India
b) South Africa
c) USA
d) England
Answer: b) South Africa
17. Which of the following was NOT a feature of Mahatma Gandhi’s constructive program?
a) Hindu-Muslim unity
b) Abolition of untouchability
c) Promotion of Khadi
d) Political revolution through armed rebellion
Answer: d) Political revolution through armed rebellion
18. Gandhi believed that India’s economic and social progress should begin from:
a) Urban centers
b) Industrial hubs
c) Villages
d) International trade
Answer: c) Villages
19. Mahatma Gandhi’s method of resolving conflicts and achieving political goals was known as:
a) Militant struggle
b) Political lobbying
c) Nonviolent resistance
d) Diplomatic negotiation
Answer: c) Nonviolent resistance
20. Gandhi’s concept of education, called ‘Nai Talim,’ emphasized:
a) Western-style education
b) Vocational training and self-reliance
c) Military training
d) Religious studies
Answer: b) Vocational training and self-reliance
21. Which of the following was NOT a part of Gandhi’s vision for an independent India?
a) Economic self-reliance
b) Social equality
c) Armed revolution
d) Non-violence
Answer: c) Armed revolution
22. The Quit India Movement, launched by Gandhi, took place in which year?
a) 1919
b) 1930
c) 1942
d) 1947
Answer: c) 1942
23. Gandhi’s vision of a self-sufficient economy primarily focused on:
a) Heavy industries
b) Agriculture and cottage industries
c) Global trade
d) Mining and extraction industries
Answer: b) Agriculture and cottage industries
24. Gandhi’s advocacy for women’s empowerment can best be seen in which of the following areas?
a) Military roles
b) Political leadership
c) Involvement in non-violent protests and community development
d) Western education
Answer: c) Involvement in non-violent protests and community development
25. What was Mahatma Gandhi’s stance on the partition of India in 1947?
a) He supported it
b) He strongly opposed it
c) He was indifferent
d) He initiated it
Answer: b) He strongly opposed it
26. Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophy of Sarvodaya means:
a) Development through revolution
b) Welfare of all
c) Education for the elite
d) Economic advancement
Answer: b) Welfare of all
27. Mahatma Gandhi’s message of non-violence and peace is particularly relevant today in addressing:
a) Global terrorism
b) Climate change
c) Cybersecurity issues
d) Economic inequality
Answer: a) Global terrorism
28. Gandhi’s use of fasting as a political tool was intended to:
a) Show personal suffering
b) Bring moral pressure on the government and people
c) Starve himself to death
d) Gain media attention
Answer: b) Bring moral pressure on the government and people
29. The idea of “Gram Swaraj” proposed by Gandhi advocates for:
a) Centralized power structures
b) Self-governance at the village level
c) A capitalist economy
d) Heavy industrialization
Answer: b) Self-governance at the village level
30. Which of the following global leaders was deeply influenced by Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence?
a) Winston Churchill
b) Nelson Mandela
c) Vladimir Lenin
d) Adolf Hitler
Answer: b) Nelson Mandela
These questions cover key aspects of Gandhi’s philosophy, his contributions to India’s independence movement, and the relevance of his teachings in modern times.
