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Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers on “Challenges of Urban Planning and Development in India”
1. The primary challenge in urban planning in Indian cities is:
- a) Population growth and urban sprawl
- b) Limited green spaces
- c) Advanced transportation infrastructure
- d) High-income levels
Answer: a) Population growth and urban sprawl
2. Which of the following is a significant consequence of rapid urbanization in India?
- a) Improved air quality
- b) Increased traffic congestion
- c) Enhanced green spaces
- d) Reduced housing demand
Answer: b) Increased traffic congestion
3. The concept of Smart Cities in India aims to:
- a) Enhance urban infrastructure through technology and innovation
- b) Reduce rural migration
- c) Increase the number of industrial zones
- d) Decrease urban population density
Answer: a) Enhance urban infrastructure through technology and innovation
4. The National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP) was introduced to:
- a) Improve public transportation systems and reduce traffic congestion
- b) Promote agricultural development
- c) Increase rural-urban migration
- d) Regulate real estate prices
Answer: a) Improve public transportation systems and reduce traffic congestion
5. Which scheme focuses on providing affordable housing for urban poor in India?
- a) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban)
- b) Swachh Bharat Mission
- c) Make in India
- d) Skill India
Answer: a) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban)
6. One of the major issues in solid waste management in Indian cities is:
- a) Inefficient waste collection and disposal systems
- b) Overabundance of recycling facilities
- c) Excessive waste generation
- d) Advanced waste-to-energy technologies
Answer: a) Inefficient waste collection and disposal systems
7. The Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) was launched to:
- a) Support urban infrastructure development and city modernization
- b) Promote rural development
- c) Enhance agricultural productivity
- d) Increase international trade
Answer: a) Support urban infrastructure development and city modernization
8. Which act empowers local bodies in urban planning and governance?
- a) The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act
- b) The Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Act
- c) The National Building Code
- d) The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act
Answer: a) The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act
9. The Smart Cities Mission includes which of the following components?
- a) Development of green spaces and IT infrastructure
- b) Increasing the number of industrial parks
- c) Expanding urban boundaries
- d) Enhancing rural transportation
Answer: a) Development of green spaces and IT infrastructure
10. In urban development, mixed-use development refers to:
- a) Integrating residential, commercial, and recreational spaces in a single area
- b) Focusing solely on residential construction
- c) Creating separate zones for industrial use
- d) Expanding green belts
Answer: a) Integrating residential, commercial, and recreational spaces in a single area
11. Which of the following is a challenge related to urban housing in India?
- a) High housing affordability for all income groups
- b) Insufficient housing supply for the urban poor
- c) Excessive housing vacancy rates
- d) Well-regulated rental market
Answer: b) Insufficient housing supply for the urban poor
12. The National Green Tribunal (NGT) is involved in addressing urban planning issues related to:
- a) Environmental protection and pollution control
- b) Urban transport infrastructure
- c) Housing finance
- d) Rural development
Answer: a) Environmental protection and pollution control
13. The concept of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) aims to:
- a) Enhance development around transit nodes and reduce reliance on private vehicles
- b) Expand suburban areas
- c) Focus exclusively on road infrastructure
- d) Increase industrial zones near city centers
Answer: a) Enhance development around transit nodes and reduce reliance on private vehicles
14. The Swachh Bharat Mission focuses primarily on:
- a) Improving sanitation and cleanliness in urban and rural areas
- b) Urban transportation infrastructure
- c) Enhancing commercial spaces
- d) Promoting green energy
Answer: a) Improving sanitation and cleanliness in urban and rural areas
15. The National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP) aims to:
- a) Develop efficient public transport systems and reduce pollution
- b) Increase private vehicle ownership
- c) Focus on rural transportation
- d) Regulate housing development
Answer: a) Develop efficient public transport systems and reduce pollution
16. Urban flood management challenges in Indian cities include:
- a) Inadequate drainage systems and encroachment on water bodies
- b) Excessive green spaces
- c) Well-maintained riverbanks
- d) Advanced flood forecasting technology
Answer: a) Inadequate drainage systems and encroachment on water bodies
17. The Delhi Master Plan is an example of:
- a) A comprehensive urban planning document for managing the growth and development of a city
- b) A rural development initiative
- c) A national economic policy
- d) An environmental conservation program
Answer: a) A comprehensive urban planning document for managing the growth and development of a city
18. One of the major causes of urban air pollution in India is:
- a) Emissions from vehicles and industrial activities
- b) High vegetation cover
- c) Effective waste management
- d) Low population density
Answer: a) Emissions from vehicles and industrial activities
19. Which program is aimed at promoting sustainable urban development in Indian cities?
- a) Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT)
- b) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban)
- c) Swachh Bharat Mission
- d) Make in India
Answer: a) Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT)
20. The Land Acquisition Act (2013) aims to address challenges related to:
- a) Land acquisition for public purposes and compensation to affected parties
- b) Urban transportation development
- c) Housing finance
- d) Environmental protection
Answer: a) Land acquisition for public purposes and compensation to affected parties
21. Urban sprawl refers to:
- a) The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into rural land
- b) Increased vertical construction in city centers
- c) Efficient use of existing urban infrastructure
- d) Development of green spaces
Answer: a) The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into rural land
22. The challenge of urban water supply in India often includes:
- a) Insufficient and unreliable water sources
- b) Overabundance of clean water resources
- c) Advanced water recycling technologies
- d) Well-maintained water distribution networks
Answer: a) Insufficient and unreliable water sources
23. The National Building Code of India provides guidelines for:
- a) Building construction standards and safety regulations
- b) Urban transportation policies
- c) Housing finance and subsidies
- d) Rural development strategies
Answer: a) Building construction standards and safety regulations
24. Urban heat islands are caused by:
- a) Increased absorption and retention of heat by built-up areas
- b) Extensive green spaces and water bodies
- c) Low-density urban development
- d) Effective cooling technologies
Answer: a) Increased absorption and retention of heat by built-up areas
25. The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) is focused on:
- a) Improving rural road connectivity
- b) Urban infrastructure development
- c) Waste management in cities
- d) Affordable housing for urban poor
Answer: a) Improving rural road connectivity
26. The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act (RERA) aims to:
- a) Regulate the real estate sector and protect buyers’ interests
- b) Enhance urban transportation networks
- c) Support green building initiatives
- d) Promote rural development projects
Answer: a) Regulate the real estate sector and protect buyers’ interests
27. Which of the following is a challenge in urban land management in India?
- a) Inefficient land use and unplanned development
- b) Well-regulated land markets
- c) Balanced land distribution
- d) High availability of affordable land
Answer: a) Inefficient land use and unplanned development
28. The Urban Development Fund is intended to:
- a) Provide financial support for urban infrastructure projects
- b) Enhance rural transportation systems
- c) Subsidize agricultural development
- d) Support industrial growth
Answer: a) Provide financial support for urban infrastructure projects
29. The concept of walkability in urban planning refers to:
- a) Designing cities to make it easier for people to walk to various destinations
- b) Expanding vehicular road networks
- c) Increasing the number of high-rise buildings
- d) Developing large industrial zones
Answer: a) Designing cities to make it easier for people to walk to various destinations
30. The National Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY) aims to:
- a) Preserve and enhance heritage cities and cultural landmarks
- b) Expand industrial development
- c) Increase urban housing stock
- d) Improve rural infrastructure
Answer: a) Preserve and enhance heritage cities and cultural landmarks
These MCQs cover various aspects of urban planning and development in India, including challenges, policies, and key concepts.
