Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers on “Microfinance and Financial Inclusion in India” for the Civil Services Examination

What is the primary objective of microfinance in India?
- A) To provide large-scale loans to industries
- B) To offer small loans to the poor and underserved
- C) To increase government revenues
- D) To regulate interest rates on large loans
- Answer: B) To offer small loans to the poor and underserved
Which institution is known for pioneering the concept of microfinance globally?
- A) World Bank
- B) Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
- C) Grameen Bank
- D) International Monetary Fund (IMF)
- Answer: C) Grameen Bank
Which Indian organization is renowned for its microfinance initiatives and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006?
- A) SEWA
- B) NABARD
- C) SKS Microfinance
- D) Grameen Bank
- Answer: C) SKS Microfinance
Under which scheme does the Government of India provide credit facilities to micro and small enterprises?
- A) Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
- B) MUDRA Scheme
- C) Swachh Bharat Mission
- D) Make in India
- Answer: B) MUDRA Scheme
Which regulatory body in India oversees the microfinance institutions (MFIs)?
- A) Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
- B) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)
- C) Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
- D) Ministry of Finance
- Answer: C) Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
What is the maximum amount of loan under the MUDRA scheme for micro-enterprises?
- A) Rs. 1 lakh
- B) Rs. 5 lakh
- C) Rs. 10 lakh
- D) Rs. 50 lakh
- Answer: B) Rs. 5 lakh
Which of the following is NOT a category of MUDRA loans?
- A) Shishu
- B) Kishore
- C) Tarun
- D) Asha
- Answer: D) Asha
Which government scheme aims to provide access to banking services for all households in India?
- A) PM Awas Yojana
- B) PM Jan Dhan Yojana
- C) PM Swachh Bharat Yojana
- D) PM Ujjwala Yojana
- Answer: B) PM Jan Dhan Yojana
Which act regulates the functioning of microfinance institutions in India?
- A) Banking Regulation Act
- B) Microfinance Institutions (Development and Regulation) Act
- C) Companies Act
- D) Reserve Bank of India Act
- Answer: B) Microfinance Institutions (Development and Regulation) Act
Which organization is responsible for implementing the Self-Employed Women’s Association (SEWA) program in India?
- A) NABARD
- B) RBI
- C) SEWA Bank
- D) National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
- Answer: C) SEWA Bank
What is the primary benefit of financial inclusion for low-income individuals?
- A) High interest rates
- B) Access to high-value loans
- C) Access to formal financial services
- D) Reduced credit availability
- Answer: C) Access to formal financial services
Which scheme provides insurance coverage for the economically weaker sections of society?
- A) PM Ujjwala Yojana
- B) PM Suraksha Bima Yojana
- C) PM Awas Yojana
- D) PM Swachh Bharat Yojana
- Answer: B) PM Suraksha Bima Yojana
What is the role of NABARD in microfinance in India?
- A) Regulating MFIs
- B) Providing loans to large industries
- C) Funding microfinance institutions
- D) Implementing insurance schemes
- Answer: C) Funding microfinance institutions
Which type of microfinance institution focuses on providing financial services exclusively to women?
- A) Cooperative Banks
- B) Self-Help Groups (SHGs)
- C) Development Banks
- D) Commercial Banks
- Answer: B) Self-Help Groups (SHGs)
The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) primarily aims to provide:
- A) Housing loans
- B) Education loans
- C) Access to basic banking services
- D) Corporate loans
- Answer: C) Access to basic banking services
Which Indian state is known for its successful implementation of the SHG-Bank Linkage Program?
- A) Punjab
- B) Kerala
- C) Maharashtra
- D) Bihar
- Answer: B) Kerala
Which type of microfinance is primarily targeted at providing credit to individuals who do not have access to traditional banking services?
- A) Development Finance
- B) Commercial Finance
- C) Microcredit
- D) Corporate Finance
- Answer: C) Microcredit
Which scheme provides financial assistance to people in rural areas for creating sustainable livelihoods?
- A) Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana
- B) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana
- C) National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
- D) Skill India
- Answer: A) Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana
Which microfinance model involves group lending where individuals act as co-guarantors for each other?
- A) Individual Lending Model
- B) Group Lending Model
- C) Corporate Lending Model
- D) Institutional Lending Model
- Answer: B) Group Lending Model
Which government initiative aims to promote entrepreneurship among women in India?
- A) Stand Up India
- B) Make in India
- C) Startup India
- D) Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana
- Answer: A) Stand Up India
Which program is designed to provide access to small-scale loans for underserved communities?
- A) Self-Employment Scheme
- B) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
- C) Microfinance Loan Program
- D) PM Ujjwala Yojana
- Answer: C) Microfinance Loan Program
Which Indian institution is focused on providing microfinance services to the rural poor?
- A) LIC
- B) NABARD
- C) ICICI Bank
- D) SBI
- Answer: B) NABARD
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of microfinance?
- A) Improved access to financial services
- B) Increased economic opportunities
- C) Higher levels of poverty
- D) Enhanced social development
- Answer: C) Higher levels of poverty
What does the acronym SHG stand for in the context of microfinance?
- A) Social Health Group
- B) Self-Help Group
- C) Small-Household Group
- D) Special Housing Group
- Answer: B) Self-Help Group
Which law facilitates the establishment and functioning of self-help groups in India?
- A) Companies Act
- B) Cooperative Societies Act
- C) SHG Act
- D) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Act
- Answer: B) Cooperative Societies Act
What is the primary objective of the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)?
- A) To provide insurance coverage
- B) To offer subsidized loans to small businesses
- C) To fund large-scale infrastructure projects
- D) To grant education scholarships
- Answer: B) To offer subsidized loans to small businesses
Which organization primarily provides funding and technical support for SHG programs in India?
- A) Reserve Bank of India
- B) NABARD
- C) SEBI
- D) LIC
- Answer: B) NABARD
What type of interest rate structure is typically used by microfinance institutions?
- A) Fixed Rate
- B) Variable Rate
- C) Floating Rate
- D) Subsidized Rate
- Answer: B) Variable Rate
Which scheme aims to ensure that each household has access to a bank account and financial services?
- A) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
- B) Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
- C) National Rural Health Mission
- D) Integrated Child Development Services
- Answer: B) Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
Which of the following is a challenge faced by microfinance institutions in India?
- A) Excessive regulatory support
- B) Overabundance of funds
- C) High operational costs
- D) Limited demand for loans
- Answer: C) High operational costs

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