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Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with answers on the topic “Biodiversity Conservation in India: Policies and Practices” for the Civil Services Examination.
1. Which act serves as the primary legislation for biodiversity conservation in India?
A. Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
B. Forest Conservation Act, 1980
C. Biological Diversity Act, 2002
D. Environment Protection Act, 1986
Answer: C
2. The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) is responsible for:
A. Implementing wildlife protection laws
B. Monitoring air quality
C. Regulating biological resources and ensuring conservation
D. Conducting environmental impact assessments
Answer: C
3. The National Biodiversity Action Plan (NBAP) was first prepared in which year?
A. 1998
B. 2002
C. 2008
D. 2014
Answer: A
4. Which of the following is a primary objective of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002?
A. Protecting only endangered species
B. Regulating access to biological resources and ensuring equitable sharing of benefits
C. Promoting industrial development
D. Facilitating urban expansion
Answer: B
5. Which Indian organization is tasked with implementing the conservation strategies for the Project Tiger initiative?
A. Wildlife Trust of India
B. Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education
C. National Tiger Conservation Authority
D. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Answer: C
6. The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 was enacted to:
A. Promote forestry activities
B. Control pollution
C. Protect and conserve wildlife and their habitats
D. Regulate mining activities
Answer: C
7. Which of the following is a Biosphere Reserve in India?
A. Great Himalayan National Park
B. Kanha National Park
C. Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve
D. Gir Forest National Park
Answer: C
8. The concept of Conservation Reserves was introduced in which amendment of the Wildlife Protection Act?
A. 1991 Amendment
B. 2002 Amendment
C. 2006 Amendment
D. 2010 Amendment
Answer: B
9. The National Wildlife Action Plan (NWAP) is a comprehensive framework for wildlife conservation in India and is updated every:
A. 5 years
B. 10 years
C. 15 years
D. 20 years
Answer: B
10. The Indian Forest Act, 1927 primarily focuses on:
A. Regulating the use of forest resources
B. Promoting wildlife protection
C. Managing marine biodiversity
D. Ensuring land acquisition for development
Answer: A
11. Which Indian state is home to the Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks, a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A. Himachal Pradesh
B. Uttarakhand
C. Sikkim
D. Arunachal Pradesh
Answer: B
12. Which international treaty aims at the conservation of biodiversity and sustainable use of biological resources?
A. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
B. Ramsar Convention
C. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES)
D. UNESCO World Heritage Convention
Answer: A
13. The Green India Mission aims to:
A. Increase forest cover and enhance ecosystem services
B. Promote industrial growth
C. Regulate urban expansion
D. Support renewable energy projects
Answer: A
14. Which of the following is a Protected Area designation under Indian law?
A. National Park
B. Wildlife Sanctuary
C. Conservation Reserve
D. All of the above
Answer: D
15. Which wildlife species is the focus of the Project Elephant initiative?
A. Bengal Tiger
B. Asiatic Lion
C. Indian Elephant
D. Snow Leopard
Answer: C
16. The Forest Conservation Act, 1980 aims to:
A. Encourage deforestation for development
B. Prevent deforestation and promote reforestation
C. Facilitate land acquisition for industries
D. Regulate hunting of wildlife
Answer: B
17. Which of the following is an important biodiversity hotspot in India?
A. Western Ghats
B. Deccan Plateau
C. Thar Desert
D. Ganges Basin
Answer: A
18. The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established to:
A. Address disputes related to environmental protection and conservation
B. Regulate wildlife trade
C. Monitor forest activities
D. Promote biodiversity research
Answer: A
19. Which organization is responsible for conducting the National Forest Inventory in India?
A. Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education
B. Forest Survey of India
C. Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
D. Wildlife Institute of India
Answer: B
20. The Forest Rights Act, 2006 aims to:
A. Transfer forest land to industries
B. Recognize and vest forest rights in forest-dwelling communities
C. Promote large-scale deforestation
D. Regulate hunting of wildlife
Answer: B
21. Which of the following initiatives focuses on the conservation of wetlands in India?
A. Ramsar Convention
B. National Wetland Conservation Programme
C. National Biodiversity Action Plan
D. Green India Mission
Answer: B
22. The National Biodiversity Authority is headquartered in which city?
A. Mumbai
B. Delhi
C. Bengaluru
D. Chennai
Answer: B
23. The Wildlife Trust of India (WTI) is known for its efforts in:
A. Urban development
B. Wildlife conservation and rescue operations
C. Agricultural development
D. Industrial expansion
Answer: B
24. Which of the following species is known to have benefited from the Project Tiger initiative?
A. Indian Bison
B. Bengal Tiger
C. Asiatic Lion
D. Indian Cheetah
Answer: B
25. The National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board focuses on:
A. Promoting industrial afforestation
B. Implementing large-scale afforestation and eco-development projects
C. Regulating mining activities
D. Supporting urban development
Answer: B
26. The Ganga Action Plan was launched to:
A. Enhance forest cover along the Ganges river
B. Prevent pollution and improve the quality of the Ganges river
C. Promote industrial activities along the river
D. Develop tourism along the river
Answer: B
27. The Indian Board for Wildlife was established to:
A. Regulate wildlife trade
B. Promote wildlife conservation and manage protected areas
C. Facilitate industrial development
D. Monitor environmental pollution
Answer: B
28. Which of the following ecosystems is a significant focus of biodiversity conservation in India?
A. Coral reefs
B. Mangroves
C. Grasslands
D. All of the above
Answer: D
29. Which Indian National Park is known for its unique transboundary conservation efforts with Nepal?
A. Kaziranga National Park
B. Kanha National Park
C. Sunderbans National Park
D. Dudhwa National Park
Answer: D
30. The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) was established to:
A. Promote tiger hunting
B. Monitor and manage tiger reserves and protect the Bengal tiger
C. Regulate land use in forest areas
D. Support urbanization
Answer: B
These MCQs cover various aspects of biodiversity conservation in India, including legislation, policies, protected areas, and key conservation initiatives.
