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CBSE Class 11 Chemistry MCQs on System, Surroundings, and States (With Answers)
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Introduction
Understanding System, Surroundings, and States is the foundation of Thermodynamics, an essential chapter in Class 11 Chemistry. This concept helps students identify and classify the different types of thermodynamic systems — open, closed, and isolated — and distinguish between state functions and path functions such as internal energy, enthalpy, and work.
This online MCQ practice test is designed strictly according to the NCERT Class 11 Chemistry syllabus and CBSE exam pattern. It includes conceptual questions to test your understanding of thermodynamic systems, types of processes, intensive and extensive properties, and equilibrium states.
Each multiple-choice question is accompanied by detailed explanations to help clarify key concepts and correct misconceptions. Ideal for CBSE Class 11 board exams, as well as for JEE and NEET aspirants, this quiz strengthens your grasp of the core principles of thermodynamics.
Take this 30-minute online quiz to assess your understanding of System, Surroundings, and States — and boost your Chemistry preparation for CBSE and competitive exams.
Sample MCQs (With Answers and Explanations)
Q1. Which of the following best defines a thermodynamic system?
A) The whole universe
B) The part of the universe under study
C) The surroundings of a process
D) Only gases in motion
✅ Answer: B) The part of the universe under study
Explanation: A thermodynamic system is the specific portion of the universe that is being studied, while everything else forms the surroundings.
Q2. Which type of system allows exchange of both matter and energy with surroundings?
A) Closed system
B) Isolated system
C) Open system
D) Adiabatic system
✅ Answer: C) Open system
Explanation: An open system exchanges both matter and energy with its surroundings (e.g., boiling water in an open pot).
Q3. Which of the following is a state function?
A) Heat (q)
B) Work (w)
C) Internal Energy (U)
D) Path taken by the process
✅ Answer: C) Internal Energy (U)
Explanation: State functions depend only on the system’s current state, not on how that state was reached.
Q4. Which property remains constant regardless of the amount of substance present?
A) Mass
B) Volume
C) Pressure
D) Energy
✅ Answer: C) Pressure
Explanation: Pressure is an intensive property, meaning it does not depend on the amount of matter in the system.
Q5. The system that exchanges neither energy nor matter with surroundings is called:
A) Open system
B) Closed system
C) Isolated system
D) Reversible system
✅ Answer: C) Isolated system
Explanation: An isolated system is completely separated from its surroundings — no exchange of matter or energy occurs.
✅ Highlight:
These MCQs follow the NCERT Class 11 Chemistry Thermodynamics syllabus, making them ideal for CBSE board exam preparation and competitive exams like JEE and NEET.