CBSE Class 6 General Knowledge

Unit 9: Logical Reasoning

Lesson: Analogy

📘 Study Module: Analogy

1. Introduction

Analogy is an important part of logical reasoning. It helps students understand relationships between words, numbers, letters, or objects. Solving analogy questions improves thinking skills and logical ability.

2. Meaning of Analogy

An analogy is a comparison between two things based on a certain relationship. In analogy questions, the same relationship must be identified and applied. It helps find similarities between pairs.

3. Purpose of Analogy

The main purpose of analogy is to test reasoning ability. It checks how well a student understands relationships. Analogy questions improve observation and thinking skills.

4. Types of Analogy

There are different types of analogy questions. Common types include word analogy, number analogy, letter analogy, and object analogy. Each type follows a logical pattern.

5. Word Analogy

Word analogy is based on the relationship between words. The relationship may be of type, function, part-whole, or opposite. Example: Doctor : Hospital :: Teacher : School.

6. Number Analogy

Number analogy is based on a numerical pattern. Students must identify the rule followed by numbers. Example: 2 : 4 :: 3 : 6.

7. Letter Analogy

Letter analogy uses alphabetical order or patterns. It may involve position or sequence of letters. Example: A : C :: B : D.

8. Object Analogy

Object analogy is based on real-life objects. The relationship may be based on use or category. Example: Pen : Write :: Knife : Cut.

9. Importance of Analogy

Analogy improves logical thinking. It helps students solve problems quickly. It is useful for competitive exams and daily reasoning.

📝 Questions and Answers

A. Short Answer Questions

(One sentence each)

1. What is an analogy?
   Answer: An analogy shows the relationship between two things.
2. Which skill does analogy improve?
   Answer: Analogy improves logical thinking skills.
3. What is word analogy?
   Answer: Word analogy is based on the relationship between words.
4. What is number analogy?
   Answer: Number analogy is based on number patterns.
5. What is letter analogy?
   Answer: Letter analogy uses alphabetical order or patterns.
6. What is object analogy?
   Answer: Object analogy is based on real-life objects.
7. Why are analogy questions important?
   Answer: They improve reasoning ability.
8. Name one type of analogy.
   Answer: Word analogy.
9. What must be identified in an analogy?
   Answer: The relationship between the pair.
10. Are analogy questions part of logical reasoning?
    Answer: Yes, analogy is part of logical reasoning.

B. Long Answer Questions

(3–5 sentences each)

11. Explain analogy in logical reasoning.
    Answer: Analogy is a comparison between two pairs of items. It is based on a specific relationship. Students must identify this relationship. Analogy helps improve reasoning skills.
12. Describe word analogy with an example.
    Answer: Word analogy compares words based on their relationship. The relation may be of profession or function. Example: Carpenter : Wood :: Tailor : Cloth. The same relation is followed.
13. Explain number analogy.
    Answer: Number analogy is based on number patterns. Students identify the rule used. The same rule is applied to another pair. This improves numerical reasoning.
14. What is letter analogy?
    Answer: Letter analogy uses alphabetical positions. Letters may be arranged in a sequence. The relationship is based on order or pattern. Logical thinking is required.
15. Explain object analogy with an example.
    Answer: Object analogy is based on the use of objects. Example: Scissors : Cut :: Pen : Write. The relationship is based on function.
16. Why is analogy important for students?
    Answer: Analogy improves thinking skills. It increases problem-solving ability. It helps in exams and competitions.
17. How does analogy improve observation?
    Answer: Students carefully observe relationships. Patterns are identified. This sharpens observation skills.
18. What type of analogy is most common in exams?
    Answer: Word and number analogies are most common.
19. How should students solve analogy questions?
    Answer: Students should first find the relationship. Then apply it correctly. Logical thinking is required.
20. How does analogy help in daily life?
    Answer: It improves reasoning. Decision-making becomes better. Thinking becomes systematic.

🧠 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

(With Answers and Detailed Explanations)

1. An analogy shows ______.
   a) difference
   b) relationship
   c) confusion
   d) error
   Answer: b) relationship
   Explanation: Analogy is based on relationships.
2. Doctor : Hospital :: Teacher : ______
   a) Student
   b) Book
   c) School
   d) Class
   Answer: c) School
   Explanation: Both work in institutions.
3. 3 : 6 :: 5 : ______
   a) 8
   b) 10
   c) 15
   d) 12
   Answer: b) 10
   Explanation: Number is multiplied by 2.
4. A : C :: B : ______
   a) D
   b) E
   c) C
   d) F
   Answer: a) D
   Explanation: Letters move two steps ahead.
5. Pen : Write :: Knife : ______
   a) Eat
   b) Sharp
   c) Cut
   d) Hold
   Answer: c) Cut
   Explanation: Relationship is based on function.
6. Which is a type of analogy?
   a) Puzzle
   b) Analogy
   c) Reason
   d) Pattern
   Answer: a) Puzzle
   Explanation: Analogy questions include puzzles.
7. Cat : Animal :: Rose : ______
   a) Red
   b) Flower
   c) Plant
   d) Leaf
   Answer: b) Flower
   Explanation: Cat is a type of animal; rose is a flower.
8. 10 : 5 :: 8 : ______
   a) 2
   b) 4
   c) 16
   d) 13
   Answer: b) 4
   Explanation: Number is divided by 2.
9. Day : Night :: Hot : ______
   a) Fire
   b) Cold
   c) Warm
   d) Sun
   Answer: b) Cold
   Explanation: Relationship is of opposites.
10. Which analogy is based on alphabets?
    a) Word
    b) Number
    c) Letter
    d) Object
    Answer: c) Letter
    Explanation: Letter analogy uses alphabets.
11. Analogy helps improve ______.
    a) memory
    b) reasoning
    c) writing
    d) drawing
    Answer: b) reasoning
    Explanation: Logical reasoning is improved.
12. Book : Read :: Food : ______
    a) Cook
    b) Eat
    c) Buy
    d) Sell
    Answer: b) Eat
    Explanation: Relationship is of use.
13. Sun : Day :: Moon : ______
    a) Star
    b) Light
    c) Night
    d) Sky
    Answer: c) Night
    Explanation: Sun is seen in day, moon at night.
14. Which of the following is a number analogy?
    a) Dog : Bark
    b) A : Z
    c) 4 : 8
    d) Pen : Write
    Answer: c) 4 : 8
    Explanation: It uses numbers.
15. Chair : Sit :: Bed : ______
    a) Sleep
    b) Wood
    c) Room
    d) Rest
    Answer: a) Sleep
    Explanation: Relationship is based on use.
16. 1 : 1 :: 2 : ______
    a) 3
    b) 2
    c) 4
    d) 1
    Answer: b) 2
    Explanation: Same number relation.
17. Analogy questions test ______ ability.
    a) physical
    b) logical
    c) musical
    d) artistic
    Answer: b) logical
    Explanation: Logical ability is tested.
18. Which analogy uses real-life items?
    a) Letter
    b) Number
    c) Object
    d) Word
    Answer: c) Object
    Explanation: Object analogy uses items.
19. Tree : Fruit :: Cow : ______
    a) Grass
    b) Milk
    c) Animal
    d) Farm
    Answer: b) Milk
    Explanation: Relationship is of product.
20. Solving analogy questions requires ______.
    a) guessing
    b) memorising
    c) logical thinking
    d) copying
    Answer: c) logical thinking
    Explanation: Logic is essential.

✅ End of Lesson

Prepared strictly in accordance with the NCERT syllabus and CBSE Class 6 examination standards.