Logical Reasoning & Analytical Ability – Syllogisms

Assam Public Service Commission (APSC)

Combined Competitive Examination (CCE)

Preliminary Examination – General Studies Paper II (Objective Type, 200 Marks)

Topic: Logical Reasoning & Analytical Ability

Sub-Topic: Syllogisms

Syllogism MCQs

Directions (for Q1–Q30):

Each question consists of two statements followed by conclusions.
Assume the statements to be true and decide which conclusion(s) logically follow.

MCQ 1

Statements:

1. All teachers are educated.
2. Some educated people are artists.

Conclusions:
I. Some teachers are artists.
II. All artists are educated.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Neither I nor II follows

Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
No direct link between teachers and artists. Conclusion II is a reverse fallacy.

MCQ 2

Statements:

1. All cats are animals.
2. All animals are living beings.

Conclusions:
I. All cats are living beings.
II. Some living beings are cats.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both I and II follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Universal transitive relation makes both conclusions valid.

MCQ 3

Statements:

1. Some books are pens.
2. All pens are pencils.

Conclusions:
I. Some books are pencils.
II. All books are pencils.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Some books → pens → pencils ⇒ some books are pencils.

MCQ 4

Statements:

1. No dog is a cat.
2. All cats are animals.

Conclusions:
I. No dog is an animal.
II. Some animals are cats.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: B
Explanation:
Cats are animals, so conclusion II follows. Conclusion I is invalid.

MCQ 5

Statements:

1. All apples are fruits.
2. Some fruits are sweet.

Conclusions:
I. Some apples are sweet.
II. All fruits are apples.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
No direct connection between apples and sweetness.

MCQ 6

Statements:

1. No chair is a table.
2. Some tables are desks.

Conclusions:
I. Some desks are chairs.
II. No chair is a desk.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
No direct relation between chairs and desks.

MCQ 7

Statements:

1. All engineers are graduates.
2. Some graduates are unemployed.

Conclusions:
I. Some engineers are unemployed.
II. All unemployed are graduates.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
No certainty connecting engineers and unemployed.

MCQ 8

Statements:

1. Some flowers are roses.
2. All roses are beautiful.

Conclusions:
I. Some flowers are beautiful.
II. All flowers are beautiful.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Some flowers → roses → beautiful ⇒ conclusion I valid.

MCQ 9

Statements:

1. All metals are solids.
2. Iron is a metal.

Conclusions:
I. Iron is solid.
II. Some solids are metals.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Direct universal and particular conclusions are valid.

MCQ 10

Statements:

1. No man is immortal.
2. All kings are men.

Conclusions:
I. No king is immortal.
II. Some men are kings.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Kings ⊂ men ⊂ mortal ⇒ both conclusions follow.

MCQ 11

Statements:

1. Some students are intelligent.
2. All intelligent students are hardworking.

Conclusions:
I. Some students are hardworking.
II. All hardworking students are intelligent.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Some students → intelligent → hardworking.

MCQ 12

Statements:

1. All birds can fly.
2. Penguin is a bird.

Conclusions:
I. Penguin can fly.
II. All birds are penguins.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Based strictly on given statements, conclusion I follows.

MCQ 13

Statements:

1. Some doctors are surgeons.
2. All surgeons are specialists.

Conclusions:
I. Some doctors are specialists.
II. All specialists are doctors.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Some doctors → surgeons → specialists.

MCQ 14

Statements:

1. No pen is a pencil.
2. Some pencils are erasers.

Conclusions:
I. Some erasers are pens.
II. No pen is an eraser.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
No direct relation between pens and erasers.

MCQ 15

Statements:

1. All cars are vehicles.
2. Some vehicles are electric.

Conclusions:
I. Some cars are electric.
II. All vehicles are cars.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
No certainty connecting cars and electric vehicles.

MCQ 16

Statements:

1. Some politicians are honest.
2. All honest people are respected.

Conclusions:
I. Some politicians are respected.
II. All respected people are politicians.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Some politicians → honest → respected.

MCQ 17

Statements:

1. All fruits are healthy.
2. Some healthy things are tasty.

Conclusions:
I. Some fruits are tasty.
II. All tasty things are fruits.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
No direct connection between fruits and tasty.

MCQ 18

Statements:

1. No student is a teacher.
2. Some teachers are researchers.

Conclusions:
I. Some researchers are students.
II. No student is a researcher.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
No link between students and researchers.

MCQ 19

Statements:

1. All laptops are computers.
2. All computers are machines.

Conclusions:
I. All laptops are machines.
II. Some machines are laptops.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Transitive relation and particular inference both valid.

MCQ 20

Statements:

1. Some roads are highways.
2. All highways are wide.

Conclusions:
I. Some roads are wide.
II. All wide roads are highways.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Some roads → highways → wide.

MCQ 21

Statements:

1. No glass is plastic.
2. All bottles are glass.

Conclusions:
I. No bottle is plastic.
II. Some plastics are bottles.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Bottles ⊂ glass; glass ≠ plastic.

MCQ 22

Statements:

1. All actors are performers.
2. Some performers are dancers.

Conclusions:
I. Some actors are dancers.
II. All dancers are actors.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
No direct overlap given between actors and dancers.

MCQ 23

Statements:

1. Some pens are blue.
2. Some blue objects are costly.

Conclusions:
I. Some pens are costly.
II. All costly objects are pens.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
Two “some” statements do not guarantee overlap.

MCQ 24

Statements:

1. All squares are rectangles.
2. No rectangle is a circle.

Conclusions:
I. No square is a circle.
II. Some rectangles are squares.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Squares ⊂ rectangles and rectangles ≠ circles.

MCQ 25

Statements:

1. Some teachers are female.
2. All females are humans.

Conclusions:
I. Some teachers are humans.
II. All humans are teachers.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Some teachers → female → human.

MCQ 26

Statements:

1. No car is a bike.
2. Some bikes are fast.

Conclusions:
I. Some fast things are bikes.
II. No fast thing is a car.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Conclusion II is invalid; speed unrelated to cars.

MCQ 27

Statements:

1. All newspapers are printed.
2. Some printed materials are magazines.

Conclusions:
I. Some newspapers are magazines.
II. Some printed materials are newspapers.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: B
Explanation:
Some printed materials must include newspapers.

MCQ 28

Statements:

1. Some animals are pets.
2. All pets are friendly.

Conclusions:
I. Some animals are friendly.
II. All friendly beings are pets.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: A
Explanation:
Some animals → pets → friendly.

MCQ 29

Statements:

1. All rivers are water bodies.
2. Some water bodies are polluted.

Conclusions:
I. Some rivers are polluted.
II. All polluted water bodies are rivers.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: D
Explanation:
No definite link between rivers and pollution.

MCQ 30

Statements:

1. No book is boring.
2. All novels are books.

Conclusions:
I. No novel is boring.
II. Some books are novels.

A. Only I follows
B. Only II follows
C. Both follow
D. Neither follows

Correct Answer: C
Explanation:
Novels ⊂ books; books ≠ boring.

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