Acids, Bases and Salts Part 1: MCQs (Q1–Q25)
⚗️ Acids, Bases and Salts – Class 10 Science MCQs
Part 1: Introduction, Properties of Acids and Bases, Indicators (Q1–Q25)
Q1. Which of the following is an acid?
A. NaOH
B. HCl
C. Ca(OH)₂
D. NH₄OH
✅ Correct Answer: B. HCl
Explanation:
- A, C, D: Bases (alkaline in nature).
- B: Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid.
Q2. Which of the following is a base?
A. HNO₃
B. H₂SO₄
C. NaOH
D. CH₃COOH
✅ Correct Answer: C. NaOH
Explanation:
- A & B: Acids.
- C: Sodium hydroxide is a strong alkali.
- D: Acetic acid → weak acid.
Q3. Acids turn blue litmus:
A. Blue
B. Red
C. Green
D. Colourless
✅ Correct Answer: B. Red
Q4. Bases turn red litmus:
A. Red
B. Blue
C. Green
D. Colourless
✅ Correct Answer: B. Blue
Q5. Which of the following acids is found in vinegar?
A. HCl
B. H₂SO₄
C. CH₃COOH
D. HNO₃
✅ Correct Answer: C. CH₃COOH (Acetic acid)
Q6. Which of these bases is soluble in water?
A. Zn(OH)₂
B. Cu(OH)₂
C. NaOH
D. Fe(OH)₃
✅ Correct Answer: C. NaOH
Explanation: Soluble bases are called alkalis (NaOH, KOH, NH₄OH).
Q7. Which of the following is an organic acid?
A. H₂SO₄
B. HCl
C. CH₃COOH
D. HNO₃
✅ Correct Answer: C. CH₃COOH
Q8. Which gas is released when acids react with metals?
A. O₂
B. H₂
C. CO₂
D. N₂
✅ Correct Answer: B. H₂
Explanation: Acid + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen gas.
Q9. Which substance is used to test H₂ gas?
A. Lime water
B. Burning splinter (pop test)
C. Blue litmus
D. Red litmus
✅ Correct Answer: B. Burning splinter (pop test)
Q10. Which gas is released when acid reacts with carbonates?
A. H₂
B. O₂
C. CO₂
D. N₂
✅ Correct Answer: C. CO₂
Explanation: Acid + Carbonate → Salt + CO₂ + H₂O.
Q11. Which gas turns lime water milky?
A. O₂
B. CO₂
C. H₂
D. N₂
✅ Correct Answer: B. CO₂
Q12. Which acid is found in lemon juice?
A. Citric acid
B. Lactic acid
C. Oxalic acid
D. Acetic acid
✅ Correct Answer: A. Citric acid
Q13. Which of the following acids is NOT present in fruits?
A. Citric acid
B. Acetic acid
C. Oxalic acid
D. Tartaric acid
✅ Correct Answer: B. Acetic acid
Explanation: Acetic acid is found in vinegar, not fruits.
Q14. Which of the following turns turmeric paper red?
A. Acids
B. Bases
C. Salts
D. Water
✅ Correct Answer: B. Bases
Q15. Which of the following indicators is natural?
A. Phenolphthalein
B. Methyl orange
C. Litmus
D. Universal indicator
✅ Correct Answer: C. Litmus
Q16. Phenolphthalein is:
A. Colourless in acid, pink in base
B. Pink in acid, colourless in base
C. Yellow in acid, red in base
D. Blue in acid, red in base
✅ Correct Answer: A. Colourless in acid, pink in base
Q17. Methyl orange is:
A. Red in acid, yellow in base
B. Yellow in acid, red in base
C. Pink in acid, colourless in base
D. Blue in acid, red in base
✅ Correct Answer: A. Red in acid, yellow in base
Q18. Universal indicator shows:
A. Temperature
B. Type of solution (pH value)
C. Pressure
D. Concentration only
✅ Correct Answer: B. Type of solution (pH value)
Q19. pH of a neutral solution is:
A. 0
B. 7
C. 14
D. 10
✅ Correct Answer: B. 7
Q20. pH of acidic solution is:
A. Less than 7
B. Greater than 7
C. Equal to 7
D. Always 14
✅ Correct Answer: A. Less than 7
Q21. pH of basic solution is:
A. Less than 7
B. Greater than 7
C. Equal to 7
D. Always 0
✅ Correct Answer: B. Greater than 7
Q22. The strength of an acid depends on:
A. Temperature only
B. Degree of ionization in water
C. Presence of salt
D. pH meter battery
✅ Correct Answer: B. Degree of ionization in water
Q23. Which of the following is a weak acid?
A. HCl
B. HNO₃
C. CH₃COOH
D. H₂SO₄
✅ Correct Answer: C. CH₃COOH
Q24. Which base is known as caustic soda?
A. NaOH
B. KOH
C. Ca(OH)₂
D. Mg(OH)₂
✅ Correct Answer: A. NaOH
Q25. Which base is called slaked lime?
A. NaOH
B. KOH
C. Ca(OH)₂
D. Mg(OH)₂
✅ Correct Answer: C. Ca(OH)₂
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