Control and Coordination Part 2: MCQs (Q26–Q50)
📘 Control and Coordination – MCQs (Class 10 Science)
🔹 Part 2: Questions 26–50
Q26. The growth of pollen tube towards ovule is an example of:
A) Phototropism
B) Geotropism
C) Chemotropism
D) Hydrotropism
Correct Answer: C) Chemotropism
Explanation:
- A) Phototropism → Light response.
- B) Geotropism → Response to gravity.
- ✅ C) Chemotropism → Growth in response to chemicals (pollen tube grows towards ovule due to chemical stimulus).
- D) Hydrotropism → Response to water.
Q27. Which part of the human brain controls posture and balance?
A) Cerebrum
B) Medulla
C) Cerebellum
D) Pons
Correct Answer: C) Cerebellum
Explanation:
- A) Cerebrum → Intelligence and voluntary actions.
- B) Medulla → Involuntary functions.
- ✅ C) Cerebellum → Maintains balance and posture.
- D) Pons → Relays signals.
Q28. The movement of root towards water is known as:
A) Geotropism
B) Hydrotropism
C) Chemotropism
D) Thigmotropism
Correct Answer: B) Hydrotropism
Explanation:
- A) Geotropism → Response to gravity.
- ✅ B) Hydrotropism → Roots grow towards water source.
- C) Chemotropism → Chemical response.
- D) Thigmotropism → Touch response.
Q29. In reflex action, the pathway is known as:
A) Sensory arc
B) Reflex arc
C) Motor arc
D) Nerve impulse
Correct Answer: B) Reflex arc
Explanation:
- A) Sensory arc → Incomplete term.
- ✅ B) Reflex arc → Complete pathway of reflex from receptor to effector.
- C) Motor arc → Refers only to motor path.
- D) Nerve impulse → Signal, not pathway.
Q30. Which plant hormone promotes cell division?
A) Auxin
B) Cytokinin
C) Gibberellin
D) ABA
Correct Answer: B) Cytokinin
Explanation:
- A) Auxin → Cell elongation.
- ✅ B) Cytokinin → Stimulates cell division, delays ageing.
- C) Gibberellin → Promotes elongation & germination.
- D) ABA → Inhibits growth.
Q31. Which system transmits information in the form of electrical impulses?
A) Hormonal system
B) Nervous system
C) Circulatory system
D) Digestive system
Correct Answer: B) Nervous system
Explanation:
- A) Hormonal → Chemical messengers.
- ✅ B) Nervous system → Electrical impulses via neurons.
- C) Circulatory → Transports blood.
- D) Digestive → Breaks down food.
Q32. Which hormone controls metabolism in the body?
A) Insulin
B) Thyroxine
C) Adrenaline
D) Estrogen
Correct Answer: B) Thyroxine
Explanation:
- A) Insulin → Controls blood sugar.
- ✅ B) Thyroxine (thyroid gland) → Regulates metabolism and energy balance.
- C) Adrenaline → Emergency hormone.
- D) Estrogen → Female sex hormone.
Q33. Dendrites of a neuron:
A) Carry impulses away from cell body
B) Receive impulses and carry towards cell body
C) Release neurotransmitters
D) Are present only in brain
Correct Answer: B) Receive impulses and carry towards cell body
Explanation:
- A) Away from cell body → Axon’s function.
- ✅ B) Dendrites → Receive impulses from environment or neurons.
- C) Release neurotransmitters → Axon terminals.
- D) Not only in brain, everywhere in body neurons.
Q34. Which gland secretes growth hormone?
A) Adrenal
B) Pituitary
C) Thyroid
D) Pancreas
Correct Answer: B) Pituitary
Explanation:
- A) Adrenal → Adrenaline.
- ✅ B) Pituitary → Growth hormone (controls body growth).
- C) Thyroid → Thyroxine.
- D) Pancreas → Insulin.
Q35. What is the function of sensory neurons?
A) Carry messages from CNS to effector
B) Carry messages from receptors to CNS
C) Store information in brain
D) Form reflex arc only
Correct Answer: B) Carry messages from receptors to CNS
Explanation:
- A) CNS to effector → Motor neurons.
- ✅ B) Sensory neurons → Carry impulses from receptors to CNS.
- C) Storage → Done by brain.
- D) Reflex arc → Involves both sensory & motor neurons.
Q36. Which hormone controls development of secondary sexual characters in males?
A) Estrogen
B) Progesterone
C) Testosterone
D) Insulin
Correct Answer: C) Testosterone
Explanation:
- A) Estrogen → Female hormone.
- B) Progesterone → Maintains pregnancy.
- ✅ C) Testosterone → Male hormone from testes.
- D) Insulin → Blood sugar.
Q37. Which part of the brain connects brain and spinal cord?
A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Medulla oblongata
D) Hypothalamus
Correct Answer: C) Medulla oblongata
Explanation:
- A) Cerebrum → Upper brain.
- B) Cerebellum → Balance.
- ✅ C) Medulla → Connects brain and spinal cord, controls involuntary actions.
- D) Hypothalamus → Maintains hunger, thirst, temperature.
Q38. Which plant hormone closes stomata during water stress?
A) Auxin
B) Cytokinin
C) Abscisic acid
D) Gibberellin
Correct Answer: C) Abscisic acid
Explanation:
- A) Auxin → Growth hormone.
- B) Cytokinin → Cell division.
- ✅ C) ABA → Stress hormone, closes stomata to prevent water loss.
- D) Gibberellin → Growth and germination.
Q39. Reflex actions are:
A) Slow and voluntary
B) Fast and involuntary
C) Controlled by cerebrum
D) Controlled by heart
Correct Answer: B) Fast and involuntary
Explanation:
- A) Slow → Wrong.
- ✅ B) Reflex → Immediate, involuntary response.
- C) Cerebrum → Voluntary actions.
- D) Heart → Only pumps blood.
Q40. The hormone responsible for height increase in teenagers is:
A) Thyroxine
B) Growth hormone
C) Adrenaline
D) Testosterone
Correct Answer: B) Growth hormone
Explanation:
- A) Thyroxine → Metabolism.
- ✅ B) Growth hormone → Pituitary gland, controls bone & muscle growth.
- C) Adrenaline → Emergency response.
- D) Testosterone → Secondary sexual characters.
Q41. Which of the following is not a tropic movement?
A) Phototropism
B) Geotropism
C) Thigmotropism
D) Nyctinasty
Correct Answer: D) Nyctinasty
Explanation:
- A, B, C → Tropic movements (directional growth).
- ✅ D) Nyctinasty → Nastic movement in response to day-night.
Q42. Which part of the neuron contains nucleus?
A) Dendrite
B) Axon
C) Cell body (cyton)
D) Synapse
Correct Answer: C) Cell body (cyton)
Explanation:
- A) Dendrite → Receives signals.
- B) Axon → Sends signals.
- ✅ C) Cell body → Contains nucleus and cell organelles.
- D) Synapse → Gap between neurons.
Q43. The hormone that regulates calcium in the body is:
A) Insulin
B) Parathyroid hormone
C) Adrenaline
D) Growth hormone
Correct Answer: B) Parathyroid hormone
Explanation:
- A) Insulin → Sugar metabolism.
- ✅ B) Parathyroid hormone → Regulates calcium & phosphate levels.
- C) Adrenaline → Emergency hormone.
- D) Growth hormone → Growth.
Q44. The direction of nerve impulse is always:
A) Dendrite → Axon → Axon terminal
B) Axon → Dendrite → Cell body
C) Axon → Synapse → Dendrite
D) Synapse → Cell body → Dendrite
Correct Answer: A) Dendrite → Axon → Axon terminal
Explanation:
- ✅ A) Correct direction of impulse flow.
- B, C, D → Wrong sequence.
Q45. The central nervous system consists of:
A) Brain and spinal cord
B) Brain and nerves
C) Spinal cord and nerves
D) Brain and ganglia
Correct Answer: A) Brain and spinal cord
Explanation:
- ✅ A) CNS = Brain + Spinal cord.
- B, C, D → Incomplete or wrong.
Q46. Which gland is located on top of kidneys?
A) Thyroid
B) Pituitary
C) Adrenal
D) Pancreas
Correct Answer: C) Adrenal
Explanation:
- A) Thyroid → Neck.
- B) Pituitary → Brain base.
- ✅ C) Adrenal → On top of kidneys, secretes adrenaline.
- D) Pancreas → Near stomach.
Q47. The hormone regulating water balance in the body is:
A) ADH (Vasopressin)
B) Oxytocin
C) Thyroxine
D) Adrenaline
Correct Answer: A) ADH (Vasopressin)
Explanation:
- ✅ A) ADH → From pituitary, increases water reabsorption in kidneys.
- B) Oxytocin → Childbirth hormone.
- C) Thyroxine → Metabolism.
- D) Adrenaline → Emergency hormone.
Q48. The part of the brain controlling thinking, reasoning and memory is:
A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Medulla
D) Pons
Correct Answer: A) Cerebrum
Explanation:
- ✅ A) Cerebrum → Higher functions like memory, thinking, emotions.
- B) Cerebellum → Balance.
- C) Medulla → Involuntary functions.
- D) Pons → Relay.
Q49. Which hormone is deficient in diabetes mellitus?
A) Thyroxine
B) Adrenaline
C) Insulin
D) Glucagon
Correct Answer: C) Insulin
Explanation:
- A) Thyroxine → Not related.
- B) Adrenaline → Not related.
- ✅ C) Insulin → Deficiency causes diabetes.
- D) Glucagon → Increases sugar level.
Q50. Which part of the brain controls breathing and heartbeat?
A) Cerebrum
B) Medulla oblongata
C) Cerebellum
D) Hypothalamus
Correct Answer: B) Medulla oblongata
Explanation:
- A) Cerebrum → Voluntary actions.
- ✅ B) Medulla → Controls vital involuntary functions like heartbeat and breathing.
- C) Cerebellum → Balance.
- D) Hypothalamus → Hunger and thirst regulation.
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