📘 How Do Organisms Reproduce? – MCQs (Class 10 Science)

🔹 Part 1: Questions 1–25

Q1. The process by which organisms give rise to new individuals of the same kind is called:

A) Respiration
B) Reproduction
C) Photosynthesis
D) Excretion

Correct Answer: B) Reproduction

Explanation:

• A) Respiration → Energy release, not reproduction.
• ✅ B) Reproduction → Formation of new individuals.
• C) Photosynthesis → Food preparation.
• D) Excretion → Removal of waste.

Q2. Binary fission is observed in:

A) Amoeba
B) Hydra
C) Planaria
D) Yeast

Correct Answer: A) Amoeba

Explanation:

• ✅ A) Amoeba → Divides into two identical cells by binary fission.
• B) Hydra → Reproduces by budding.
• C) Planaria → Shows regeneration.
• D) Yeast → Reproduces by budding.

Q3. Which of the following is NOT a method of asexual reproduction?

A) Fission
B) Budding
C) Fertilization
D) Fragmentation

Correct Answer: C) Fertilization

Explanation:

• A) Fission → Asexual (bacteria, protozoa).
• B) Budding → Asexual (Hydra, yeast).
• ✅ C) Fertilization → Sexual process, fusion of gametes.
• D) Fragmentation → Asexual (spirogyra).

Q4. Hydra reproduces asexually by:

A) Binary fission
B) Budding
C) Fragmentation
D) Regeneration

Correct Answer: B) Budding

Explanation:

• A) Binary fission → Amoeba.
• ✅ B) Budding → Hydra develops a bud that detaches to form new individual.
• C) Fragmentation → Spirogyra.
• D) Regeneration → Planaria.

Q5. Which organism reproduces by multiple fission?

A) Amoeba
B) Hydra
C) Plasmodium
D) Yeast

Correct Answer: C) Plasmodium

Explanation:

• A) Amoeba → Binary fission.
• B) Hydra → Budding.
• ✅ C) Plasmodium → Malaria parasite reproduces by multiple fission.
• D) Yeast → Budding.

Q6. The reproductive part of a flower is:

A) Sepals
B) Petals
C) Stamen and carpel
D) Thalamus

Correct Answer: C) Stamen and carpel

Explanation:

• A) Sepals → Protection.
• B) Petals → Attract pollinators.
• ✅ C) Stamen (male) and carpel (female) → Reproductive parts.
• D) Thalamus → Base, not reproductive.

Q7. Vegetative propagation occurs through:

A) Stems, roots, leaves
B) Flowers only
C) Fruits only
D) Seeds only

Correct Answer: A) Stems, roots, leaves

Explanation:

• ✅ A) Examples: Potato (stem), Sweet potato (root), Bryophyllum (leaf).
• B) Flowers → Sexual reproduction.
• C) Fruits → Develop after fertilization.
• D) Seeds → Sexual reproduction.

Q8. The offspring formed by asexual reproduction are:

A) Identical to parents
B) Different from parents
C) Half like mother, half like father
D) None

Correct Answer: A) Identical to parents

Explanation:

• ✅ A) Asexual reproduction produces clones (genetically identical).
• B) Different → In sexual reproduction.
• C) Combination of parents → Sexual only.
• D) Wrong.

Q9. Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from:

A) Ovary to ovule
B) Anther to stigma
C) Stigma to anther
D) Ovule to ovary

Correct Answer: B) Anther to stigma

Explanation:

• A) Ovary to ovule → Fertilization.
• ✅ B) Pollination → Pollen from anther to stigma.
• C, D → Incorrect.

Q10. The fusion of male and female gametes is called:

A) Pollination
B) Fertilization
C) Germination
D) Ovulation

Correct Answer: B) Fertilization

Explanation:

• A) Pollination → Transfer of pollen.
• ✅ B) Fertilization → Gamete fusion to form zygote.
• C) Germination → Development of seed.
• D) Ovulation → Release of ovum.

Q11. Which structure protects the developing embryo in humans?

A) Placenta
B) Amniotic sac
C) Ovary
D) Fallopian tube

Correct Answer: B) Amniotic sac

Explanation:

• A) Placenta → Nutrition exchange.
• ✅ B) Amniotic sac → Cushions and protects embryo.
• C) Ovary → Produces eggs.
• D) Fallopian tube → Site of fertilization.

Q12. In Bryophyllum, vegetative propagation occurs through:

A) Roots
B) Stem
C) Leaf buds
D) Flowers

Correct Answer: C) Leaf buds

Explanation:

• A) Roots → Sweet potato.
• B) Stem → Potato.
• ✅ C) Bryophyllum reproduces by leaf buds.
• D) Flowers → Sexual reproduction.

Q13. Which method is used by spirogyra to reproduce?

A) Budding
B) Binary fission
C) Fragmentation
D) Regeneration

Correct Answer: C) Fragmentation

Explanation:

• A) Budding → Hydra.
• B) Binary fission → Amoeba.
• ✅ C) Fragmentation → Spirogyra filaments break and grow.
• D) Regeneration → Planaria.

Q14. The testes in human males produce:

A) Sperm only
B) Testosterone only
C) Both sperm and testosterone
D) Urine

Correct Answer: C) Both sperm and testosterone

Explanation:

• A, B → Incomplete.
• ✅ C) Testes produce gametes (sperms) and male hormone testosterone.
• D) Urine → From kidneys.

Q15. Which part of the human female reproductive system is the site of fertilization?

A) Ovary
B) Uterus
C) Vagina
D) Fallopian tube

Correct Answer: D) Fallopian tube

Explanation:

• A) Ovary → Produces ovum.
• B) Uterus → Embryo development.
• C) Vagina → Birth canal.
• ✅ D) Fertilization occurs in fallopian tube.

Q16. Zygote is formed by:

A) Mitosis
B) Fusion of gametes
C) Binary fission
D) Budding

Correct Answer: B) Fusion of gametes

Explanation:

• A) Mitosis → Cell division, not zygote formation.
• ✅ B) Male and female gametes fuse to form zygote.
• C, D → Asexual.

Q17. Which of the following is a unisexual flower?

A) Mustard
B) Hibiscus
C) Papaya
D) Rose

Correct Answer: C) Papaya

Explanation:

• A) Mustard → Bisexual.
• B) Hibiscus → Bisexual.
• ✅ C) Papaya → Unisexual, separate male and female flowers.
• D) Rose → Bisexual.

Q18. Which organ produces ova in females?

A) Uterus
B) Ovary
C) Fallopian tube
D) Placenta

Correct Answer: B) Ovary

Explanation:

• A) Uterus → Embryo development.
• ✅ B) Ovary → Produces female gametes (ova).
• C) Fallopian tube → Fertilization site.
• D) Placenta → Nourishment of fetus.

Q19. Which is the correct order of events in sexual reproduction?

A) Fertilization → Gamete formation → Zygote → Embryo
B) Gamete formation → Fertilization → Zygote → Embryo
C) Embryo → Zygote → Gamete → Fertilization
D) Zygote → Gamete formation → Embryo → Fertilization

Correct Answer: B) Gamete formation → Fertilization → Zygote → Embryo

Explanation:

• ✅ B) Correct sequence.
• Others → Incorrect order.

Q20. Which is a feature of sexual reproduction?

A) Offspring identical to parent
B) Requires only one parent
C) Variation present in offspring
D) Very fast process

Correct Answer: C) Variation present in offspring

Explanation:

• A, B → Asexual reproduction.
• ✅ C) Variation is main feature of sexual reproduction.
• D) Slow compared to asexual.

Q21. In human females, the embryo gets nutrition from mother through:

A) Amniotic fluid
B) Placenta
C) Fallopian tube
D) Ovary

Correct Answer: B) Placenta

Explanation:

• A) Amniotic fluid → Protection.
• ✅ B) Placenta → Exchanges nutrients, oxygen, wastes.
• C, D → Not nutrition source.

Q22. Which type of reproduction results in more variations?

A) Asexual reproduction
B) Binary fission
C) Vegetative propagation
D) Sexual reproduction

Correct Answer: D) Sexual reproduction

Explanation:

• A, B, C → Produce identical offspring.
• ✅ D) Sexual reproduction produces variation due to gamete fusion.

Q23. Which of the following is NOT a method of vegetative propagation?

A) Cutting
B) Grafting
C) Tissue culture
D) Fertilization

Correct Answer: D) Fertilization

Explanation:

• A, B, C → Artificial vegetative propagation methods.
• ✅ D) Fertilization → Sexual reproduction.

Q24. Regeneration is found in:

A) Amoeba
B) Yeast
C) Planaria
D) Spirogyra

Correct Answer: C) Planaria

Explanation:

• A) Amoeba → Fission.
• B) Yeast → Budding.
• ✅ C) Planaria → Regenerates body parts.
• D) Spirogyra → Fragmentation.

Q25. In human males, sperms are produced in:

A) Seminal vesicles
B) Testes
C) Vas deferens
D) Urethra

Correct Answer: B) Testes

Explanation:

• A) Seminal vesicles → Add fluid to semen.
• ✅ B) Testes → Produce sperms and testosterone.
• C) Vas deferens → Transport sperms.
• D) Urethra → Passage for semen and urine.

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