Chapter 4: Reproductive Health – Case-Based / Source-Based Questions with Answers
CBSE Class 12 Biology – Reproductive Health Case-Based Questions (NCERT Based)
Course: CBSE Class 12 Biology
Unit I: Reproduction
Chapter 4: Reproductive Health
Board: Central Board of Secondary Education
Textbook: NCERT
Question Type: Case-Based / Source-Based Questions
Exam Relevance: CBSE Class 12 Board Examinations
Section A: Need for Reproductive Health
Case 1
A school organises awareness programmes on puberty, menstrual hygiene, and safe practices for adolescents.
Questions:
a) What concept is being promoted?
b) State one benefit of such programmes.
Answer:
a) Reproductive health education
b) Prevention of STIs and early pregnancies
Case 2
A survey reports high maternal mortality due to lack of healthcare awareness.
Questions:
a) Which aspect of reproductive health is lacking?
b) Mention one preventive measure.
Answer:
a) Safe motherhood awareness
b) Access to medical facilities
Case 3
Early marriages are common in a rural area.
Questions:
a) Name one reproductive health problem caused.
b) State one solution.
Answer:
a) Early pregnancy complications
b) Education and legal enforcement
Section B: Population Explosion and Birth Control
Case 4
A country faces shortage of food and employment due to rapid population growth.
Questions:
a) Identify the problem.
b) Name one control measure.
Answer:
a) Population explosion
b) Family planning programmes
Case 5
A couple is advised to maintain spacing between children.
Questions:
a) What practice is suggested?
b) State one advantage.
Answer:
a) Birth control
b) Improved maternal health
Case 6
Awareness campaigns promote the slogan “Small family, happy family”.
Questions:
a) What concept is highlighted?
b) Mention one benefit.
Answer:
a) Small family norm
b) Better quality of life
Section C: Contraceptive Methods
Case 7
A woman opts for a long-term reversible contraceptive inserted in the uterus.
Questions:
a) Name the method.
b) State its mode of action.
Answer:
a) Copper-T (IUD)
b) Prevents implantation
Case 8
A health worker advises condoms for newly married couples.
Questions:
a) Which contraceptive category is this?
b) State one additional benefit.
Answer:
a) Barrier method
b) Protection against STIs
Case 9
A breastfeeding mother does not ovulate for several months.
Questions:
a) Name this method of contraception.
b) State one limitation.
Answer:
a) Lactational amenorrhea
b) Effective only for limited period
Case 10
Oral pills are prescribed to suppress ovulation.
Questions:
a) Name the contraceptive type.
b) Which hormones are involved?
Answer:
a) Hormonal contraception
b) Estrogen and progesterone
Case 11
A couple decides not to have more children and chooses a permanent method.
Questions:
a) Name one such method.
b) State why it is permanent.
Answer:
a) Vasectomy / Tubectomy
b) Reproductive ducts are cut
Section D: Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP)
Case 12
A woman undergoes abortion in an authorised hospital.
Questions:
a) Name this procedure.
b) State one reason for legalisation.
Answer:
a) Medical termination of pregnancy
b) To prevent unsafe abortions
Case 13
Illegal abortion leads to severe infection.
Questions:
a) What type of abortion is this?
b) Mention one risk involved.
Answer:
a) Unsafe abortion
b) Maternal mortality
Case 14
Prenatal tests are misused for sex determination.
Questions:
a) Name the technique misused.
b) Why is it banned?
Answer:
a) Amniocentesis
b) Prevent female foeticide
Section E: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)
Case 15
A patient experiences genital sores and abnormal discharge.
Questions:
a) Suspect the type of disease.
b) Name one cause.
Answer:
a) Sexually transmitted infection
b) Gonorrhoea / Syphilis
Case 16
An STI remains undetected due to absence of symptoms.
Questions:
a) Why is early detection difficult?
b) Mention one consequence.
Answer:
a) Asymptomatic nature
b) Infertility
Case 17
A doctor advises condom use to reduce infection risk.
Questions:
a) Which disease is prevented?
b) Name the preventive method.
Answer:
a) HIV/AIDS
b) Barrier contraception
Section F: Infertility and ART
Case 18
A couple fails to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse.
Questions:
a) Define this condition.
b) Name one male cause.
Answer:
a) Infertility
b) Low sperm count
Case 19
Fertilisation occurs outside the female body.
Questions:
a) Name the technique.
b) Where is the embryo transferred?
Answer:
a) IVF
b) Uterus
Case 20
A zygote is transferred into the fallopian tube.
Questions:
a) Identify the ART method.
b) State the developmental stage transferred.
Answer:
a) ZIFT
b) Zygote / early embryo
Case 21
Gametes are introduced into the oviduct.
Questions:
a) Name the technique.
b) Where does fertilisation occur?
Answer:
a) GIFT
b) Fallopian tube
Case 22
A single sperm is injected directly into an ovum.
Questions:
a) Identify the technique.
b) State its significance.
Answer:
a) ICSI
b) Helps severe male infertility
Section G: Reproductive Health Awareness
Case 23
Counselling sessions are conducted for infertile couples.
Questions:
a) Why is counselling important?
b) Mention one benefit.
Answer:
a) Emotional support
b) Reduces stress
Case 24
Sex education is included in school curriculum.
Questions:
a) What does it promote?
b) State one outcome.
Answer:
a) Responsible behaviour
b) Reduced STIs
Case 25
Government promotes family planning and awareness.
Questions:
a) What is the overall objective?
b) Name one long-term benefit.
Answer:
a) Reproductive health
b) Sustainable development
✅ Why This Case-Based Set is Board-Perfect
✔ Fully NCERT-aligned content
✔ Matches CBSE competency-based pattern
✔ Covers entire chapter framework
✔ Ideal for Class 12 board examinations