CBSE Class 11 Biology MCQs – Anatomy of Flowering Plants (With Answers & Explanations)

NCERT Based | Unit II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

📘 Course & Examination Details

• Course: CBSE Class 11 Biology
• Unit: Unit II – Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
• Chapter: Chapter 6 – Anatomy of Flowering Plants
• Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
• Total Questions: 50
• Assessment Focus:
  • Tissue identification
  • Internal structure of root, stem & leaf
  • Secondary growth
  • Diagram-based concepts
• Exam Relevance:
  • CBSE Class 11 Annual Examination
  • School Unit & Term Exams
  • NCERT-based objective assessments

🌱 Section A: Plant Tissues (MCQs 1–18)

Q1. Which tissue is responsible for increase in length of plant body?
A. Lateral meristem
B. Intercalary meristem
C. Apical meristem
D. Permanent tissue

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Apical meristem is present at root and shoot tips and causes primary growth, increasing length of plant organs.

Q2. Intercalary meristem is mainly found in
A. Roots
B. Woody stems
C. Internodes of grasses
D. Leaves of dicots

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Intercalary meristem occurs at the base of internodes in grasses and helps in regeneration.

Q3. Which tissue provides flexibility and mechanical support to growing parts?
A. Parenchyma
B. Collenchyma
C. Sclerenchyma
D. Xylem

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Collenchyma has unevenly thickened walls and allows bending without breaking.

Q4. Dead cells with lignified walls are characteristic of
A. Parenchyma
B. Collenchyma
C. Sclerenchyma
D. Phloem

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Sclerenchyma consists of dead cells with thick, lignified walls providing rigidity.

Q5. Which tissue is mainly responsible for storage of food?
A. Collenchyma
B. Parenchyma
C. Xylem
D. Phloem

Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Parenchyma stores food materials like starch and also performs photosynthesis when chlorophyll is present.

Q6. Aerenchyma is a special type of
A. Collenchyma
B. Sclerenchyma
C. Parenchyma
D. Phloem

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Aerenchyma is parenchyma with air spaces, providing buoyancy in aquatic plants.

Q7. Which of the following is a complex permanent tissue?
A. Parenchyma
B. Collenchyma
C. Xylem
D. Sclerenchyma

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Xylem consists of different cell types working together for conduction.

Q8. Which xylem element is living?
A. Vessel
B. Tracheid
C. Xylem fibre
D. Xylem parenchyma

Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Xylem parenchyma is the only living element of xylem.

Q9. Phloem transports
A. Water
B. Minerals
C. Food
D. Hormones

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Phloem transports organic food materials from leaves to other plant parts.

Q10. Which phloem element is dead?
A. Sieve tube
B. Companion cell
C. Phloem parenchyma
D. Phloem fibre

Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Phloem fibres are dead and provide mechanical support.

Q11. Ground tissue system excludes
A. Cortex
B. Pith
C. Epidermis
D. Mesophyll

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Epidermis is part of epidermal tissue system, not ground tissue.

Q12. Lateral meristem is mainly responsible for
A. Primary growth
B. Regeneration
C. Secondary growth
D. Photosynthesis

Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Lateral meristems increase girth by forming secondary tissues.

Q13. Fibres and sclereids are types of
A. Collenchyma
B. Parenchyma
C. Sclerenchyma
D. Phloem

Correct Answer: C

Q14. Which tissue is absent in monocot stems for secondary growth?
A. Cortex
B. Endodermis
C. Cambium
D. Pith

Correct Answer: C

Q15. Chlorenchyma mainly performs
A. Respiration
B. Storage
C. Photosynthesis
D. Transport

Correct Answer: C

Q16. Which tissue is mostly living?
A. Xylem
B. Phloem
C. Sclerenchyma
D. Cork

Correct Answer: B

Q17. Casparian strips are made of
A. Lignin
B. Cutin
C. Suberin
D. Cellulose

Correct Answer: C

Q18. Which tissue forms wood?
A. Primary xylem
B. Secondary xylem
C. Secondary phloem
D. Cork

Correct Answer: B

🌿 Section B: Internal Structure of Root, Stem & Leaf (MCQs 19–36)

Q19. Vascular bundles in roots are
A. Conjoint
B. Collateral
C. Radial
D. Bicollateral

Correct Answer: C

Q20. Xylem in roots is
A. Endarch
B. Mesarch
C. Exarch
D. Centrarch

Correct Answer: C

Q21. Which root shows a large pith?
A. Dicot root
B. Monocot root
C. Aerial root
D. Adventitious root

Correct Answer: B

Q22. Lateral roots arise from
A. Endodermis
B. Cortex
C. Pericycle
D. Pith

Correct Answer: C

Q23. Vascular bundles in dicot stem are
A. Scattered
B. Radial
C. In a ring
D. Closed

Correct Answer: C

Q24. Hypodermis of dicot stem is made of
A. Parenchyma
B. Collenchyma
C. Sclerenchyma
D. Cork

Correct Answer: B

Q25. Monocot stem shows
A. Secondary growth
B. Open vascular bundles
C. Closed vascular bundles
D. Ring arrangement

Correct Answer: C

Q26. Endodermis in dicot stem is called
A. Pericycle
B. Cortex
C. Starch sheath
D. Pith

Correct Answer: C

Q27. Palisade tissue is found in
A. Root
B. Stem
C. Dorsiventral leaf
D. Isobilateral leaf

Correct Answer: C

Q28. Bulliform cells are found in
A. Dicot leaves
B. Roots
C. Monocot leaves
D. Stems

Correct Answer: C

Q29. Isobilateral leaf shows
A. Differentiated mesophyll
B. Palisade tissue only
C. Undifferentiated mesophyll
D. No stomata

Correct Answer: C

Q30. Spongy parenchyma helps in
A. Support
B. Conduction
C. Gaseous exchange
D. Protection

Correct Answer: C

Q31. Which tissue surrounds vascular bundles in leaves?
A. Cortex
B. Bundle sheath
C. Pericycle
D. Endodermis

Correct Answer: B

Q32. Stomata are mainly found on
A. Upper epidermis of dicot leaf
B. Lower epidermis of dicot leaf
C. Veins
D. Mesophyll

Correct Answer: B

Q33. Which tissue provides maximum flexibility?
A. Sclerenchyma
B. Parenchyma
C. Collenchyma
D. Cork

Correct Answer: C

Q34. Monocot roots do not show secondary growth because
A. Pith is present
B. Cambium is absent
C. Xylem is exarch
D. Phloem is reduced

Correct Answer: B

Q35. Which structure stores starch in stem?
A. Pericycle
B. Cortex
C. Endodermis
D. Pith

Correct Answer: C

Q36. Mesophyll tissue is found in
A. Root
B. Stem
C. Leaf
D. Flower

Correct Answer: C

🌳 Section C: Secondary Growth (MCQs 37–50)

Q37. Increase in girth of stem is due to
A. Apical meristem
B. Intercalary meristem
C. Lateral meristem
D. Permanent tissue

Correct Answer: C

Q38. Vascular cambium produces
A. Primary xylem
B. Secondary xylem and phloem
C. Cork
D. Cortex

Correct Answer: B

Q39. Cork cambium is also called
A. Pericycle
B. Phellogen
C. Phloem
D. Xylem

Correct Answer: B

Q40. Periderm consists of
A. Cork and cambium
B. Cork, cork cambium and secondary cortex
C. Xylem and phloem
D. Cortex and pith

Correct Answer: B

Q41. Annual rings are useful in determining
A. Height of tree
B. Water conduction
C. Age of tree
D. Food storage

Correct Answer: C

Q42. Spring wood is formed due to
A. Fast cambial activity
B. Slow cambial activity
C. No cambial activity
D. Death of cells

Correct Answer: A

Q43. Autumn wood appears darker because
A. More vessels
B. Less lignin
C. More fibres
D. Less cell division

Correct Answer: C

Q44. Which wood is non-functional?
A. Sapwood
B. Heartwood
C. Spring wood
D. Secondary xylem

Correct Answer: B

Q45. Heartwood appears dark due to presence of
A. Water
B. Chlorophyll
C. Resins and tannins
D. Minerals

Correct Answer: C

Q46. Sapwood helps in
A. Mechanical strength
B. Water conduction
C. Food storage
D. Protection

Correct Answer: B

Q47. Secondary growth is common in
A. Monocots
B. Dicots
C. Algae
D. Bryophytes

Correct Answer: B

Q48. Which tissue replaces epidermis during secondary growth?
A. Cortex
B. Pericycle
C. Periderm
D. Phloem

Correct Answer: C

Q49. Secondary phloem is produced
A. Towards inside
B. Towards outside
C. At root tip
D. In leaves

Correct Answer: B

Q50. Diagram-based questions from this chapter mainly focus on
A. Cell cycle
B. Tissue culture
C. Internal anatomy
D. Photosynthesis

Correct Answer: C

✅ Final Notes

✔ Strictly NCERT-based
✔ Ideal for CBSE Class 11 MCQ practice
✔ Strong emphasis on tissue identification & anatomy

🎯 Targeting Exams Section

This MCQ-based study resource is designed to support preparation for:

• CBSE Class 11 Annual Examination (Biology)

• School Unit Tests, Term & Half-Yearly Exams

• NCERT-based Objective Practice

• Competency-Based & MCQ Assessments (CBSE Pattern)

• Foundation Preparation for NEET (Plant Anatomy Basics)

The questions emphasize tissue identification, internal structure of root, stem, and leaf, and secondary growth, which are frequently tested areas in CBSE examinations.

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