Chapter 20: Locomotion and Movement – Very Short Answer Type Questions
CBSE Class 11 Biology Very Short Answer Questions – Locomotion and Movement (NCERT)
Course & Examination Details
- Course: CBSE Class 11 Biology
- Prescribed By: Central Board of Secondary Education
- Based On: NCERT
- Unit: Unit V – Human Physiology
- Chapter: Chapter 20 – Locomotion and Movement
- Question Type: Very Short Answer Questions (VSA)
- Answer Length: 20–30 words
- Exam Utility: CBSE Class 11 Annual Exam, Unit Tests, Periodic Assessments
Section A: Skeletal System (Q1–Q20)
Q1. What is movement?
Answer:
Movement is the change in position of the body or its parts without necessarily resulting in change of place.
Q2. Define locomotion.
Answer:
Locomotion is the movement of the entire body from one place to another using skeletal muscles.
Q3. Name the systems involved in locomotion.
Answer:
Skeletal system, muscular system, and nervous system collectively bring about locomotion.
Q4. How many bones are present in the adult human skeleton?
Answer:
An adult human skeleton consists of 206 bones.
Q5. What is the function of the skeletal system?
Answer:
The skeletal system provides support, protection, muscle attachment, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell formation.
Q6. Name the two main divisions of the human skeleton.
Answer:
The human skeleton is divided into axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton.
Q7. How many bones form the axial skeleton?
Answer:
The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones.
Q8. Name the components of the axial skeleton.
Answer:
Skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum form the axial skeleton.
Q9. How many bones are present in the skull?
Answer:
The human skull is composed of 22 bones.
Q10. What is the function of the vertebral column?
Answer:
The vertebral column supports the body, protects the spinal cord, and allows flexibility and movement.
Q11. How many vertebrae are present in humans?
Answer:
Humans have 26 vertebrae in the vertebral column.
Q12. What is the function of the rib cage?
Answer:
The rib cage protects the heart and lungs and assists in respiration.
Q13. How many bones form the appendicular skeleton?
Answer:
The appendicular skeleton consists of 126 bones.
Q14. Name the bones of the pectoral girdle.
Answer:
The pectoral girdle consists of clavicle and scapula.
Q15. What is the role of the pelvic girdle?
Answer:
The pelvic girdle attaches lower limbs and supports the weight of the body.
Q16. What are joints?
Answer:
Joints are points of articulation between two or more bones that allow movement.
Q17. Name the joint present at the shoulder.
Answer:
The shoulder joint is a ball and socket joint.
Q18. Which joint allows movement in one plane only?
Answer:
The hinge joint allows movement in one plane, as seen in the elbow.
Q19. Name the joint present between atlas and axis.
Answer:
The pivot joint is present between atlas and axis vertebrae.
Q20. What is synovial fluid?
Answer:
Synovial fluid is a lubricating fluid present in synovial joints that reduces friction.
Section B: Muscular System (Q21–Q35)
Q21. What are muscles?
Answer:
Muscles are specialized tissues capable of contraction and relaxation to produce movement.
Q22. Name the three types of muscles in humans.
Answer:
Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles are the three types of muscles in humans.
Q23. Which muscles are voluntary?
Answer:
Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles controlled by conscious will.
Q24. Which muscles are involuntary and non-striated?
Answer:
Smooth muscles are involuntary and non-striated muscles.
Q25. Where are cardiac muscles found?
Answer:
Cardiac muscles are found only in the heart.
Q26. What is sarcolemma?
Answer:
Sarcolemma is the plasma membrane surrounding a muscle fibre.
Q27. Define sarcoplasm.
Answer:
Sarcoplasm is the cytoplasm present inside a muscle fibre.
Q28. What are myofibrils?
Answer:
Myofibrils are contractile threads present inside muscle fibres.
Q29. What is a sarcomere?
Answer:
Sarcomere is the functional unit of a myofibril responsible for muscle contraction.
Q30. Name the two contractile proteins of muscle.
Answer:
Actin and myosin are the two contractile proteins of muscle fibres.
Q31. Which band represents actin filaments?
Answer:
The I-band represents actin filaments.
Q32. Which band contains myosin filaments?
Answer:
The A-band contains myosin filaments.
Q33. What is the Z-line?
Answer:
Z-line marks the boundary of a sarcomere.
Q34. What is the H-zone?
Answer:
H-zone is the lighter central region of A-band containing only myosin filaments.
Q35. Why are skeletal muscles striated?
Answer:
Skeletal muscles appear striated due to alternating dark and light bands in myofibrils.
Section C: Muscle Contraction (Q36–Q50)
Q36. What is muscle contraction?
Answer:
Muscle contraction is the shortening of muscle fibres due to sliding of actin over myosin.
Q37. Name the theory explaining muscle contraction.
Answer:
The sliding filament theory explains muscle contraction.
Q38. Who proposed the sliding filament theory?
Answer:
The sliding filament theory was proposed by Huxley and Hanson.
Q39. What is the role of calcium ions in contraction?
Answer:
Calcium ions expose binding sites on actin by shifting tropomyosin.
Q40. Which molecule provides energy for muscle contraction?
Answer:
ATP provides energy required for muscle contraction.
Q41. What is a cross-bridge?
Answer:
A cross-bridge is formed when myosin head attaches to actin filament during contraction.
Q42. What happens to sarcomere during contraction?
Answer:
The sarcomere shortens as Z-lines move closer during contraction.
Q43. Why does I-band shorten during contraction?
Answer:
I-band shortens because actin filaments slide over myosin.
Q44. What happens during muscle relaxation?
Answer:
Muscle relaxation occurs when calcium ions return to sarcoplasmic reticulum and cross-bridges break.
Q45. Name the neurotransmitter released at neuromuscular junction.
Answer:
Acetylcholine is released at the neuromuscular junction.
Q46. What is neuromuscular junction?
Answer:
Neuromuscular junction is the synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle fibre.
Q47. What are antagonistic muscles?
Answer:
Antagonistic muscles work in opposite directions to produce smooth movements.
Q48. Name one disorder of muscular system.
Answer:
Muscular dystrophy is a disorder characterized by progressive muscle degeneration.
Q49. What is myasthenia gravis?
Answer:
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder causing muscle weakness.
Q50. What is arthritis?
Answer:
Arthritis is inflammation of joints causing pain and stiffness.
NCERT & CBSE Compliance Note
✔ Strictly based on NCERT Class 11 Biology
✔ Answer length maintained at 20–30 words
✔ Fully aligned with CBSE board exam pattern
✔ Ideal for quick revision and assessments