Sample MCQs with Explanations
Q1. How does economic development affect the environment?
A) Increases ecological balance
B) Leads to resource depletion and pollution
C) Improves biodiversity
D) Reduces industrial output
Answer: B) Leads to resource depletion and pollution
Explanation: Rapid economic development often increases industrialization, causing air, water, and land pollution and resource exploitation.
Q2. Which of the following is a negative effect of economic growth?
A) Higher literacy
B) Environmental degradation
C) Improved healthcare
D) Increased employment
Answer: B) Environmental degradation
Explanation: Economic growth often comes at the cost of environmental quality due to deforestation, mining, and industrial waste.
Q3. What is the main cause of global warming linked to economic development?
A) Renewable energy use
B) Increase in greenhouse gas emissions
C) Reduction in fossil fuel consumption
D) Decline in industrial activities
Answer: B) Increase in greenhouse gas emissions
Explanation: Industrialization and vehicle emissions release greenhouse gases like CO₂ and CH₄, causing global temperature rise.
Q4. Sustainable development aims to:
A) Maximize industrial output only
B) Balance economic growth with environmental protection
C) Exploit natural resources fully
D) Ignore ecological limits
Answer: B) Balance economic growth with environmental protection
Explanation: Sustainable development ensures long-term prosperity without compromising environmental health for future generations.
Q5. Which act in India focuses on environmental protection?
A) Companies Act, 2013
B) Environment Protection Act, 1986
C) Trade and Commerce Act, 1955
D) Industrial Policy Act, 1991
Answer: B) Environment Protection Act, 1986
Explanation: The Environment Protection Act provides a legal framework for controlling pollution and protecting natural resources.
Relevant Titles
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CBSE Class 12 Economics MCQs on Effects of Economic Development on Environment
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NCERT-Based Class 12 Economics Quiz – Economic Growth and Environment
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Class 12 Economics Online Practice Test: Environment and Development
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CBSE Board 2025 Practice Test – Economic Development Effects on Environment
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Free Class 12 Economics MCQs – Economy and Environment Relationship
Introduction Paragraph
Introduction:
Prepare confidently for your CBSE Class 12 Economics Board Exam 2025 with this online MCQ practice test on “Effects of Economic Development on Environment.” This vital topic from Part B: Indian Economic Development examines how rapid economic growth impacts the natural environment, leading to crucial policy discussions on sustainable development.
These NCERT-based Class 12 Economics MCQs strictly follow the latest CBSE syllabus and are designed to strengthen understanding of key concepts such as pollution, resource depletion, climate change, and the need for eco-friendly growth. Students will explore how industrialization, urbanization, and economic expansion affect environmental balance and what measures can promote sustainability.
Each question comes with a detailed explanation to enhance comprehension and exam readiness. Ideal for self-assessment, quick revision, and conceptual clarity, this CBSE Class 12 Economics quiz provides comprehensive coverage of board exam-level topics.
Get exam-ready and improve your performance with these expert-designed MCQs focused on the connection between economic development and environmental sustainability.
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