CBSE Class 10 Social Science – Geography

Textbook: Contemporary India – II

Chapter 1: Resources and Development

Designed for: CBSE Board Examinations – Class 10

1. Class: 10
2. Subject: Social Science – Geography
3. Book: Contemporary India – II
4. Chapter: 1 – Resources and Development
5. Question Type: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Note: These MCQs with detailed explanations are strictly based on the NCERT syllabus and are ideal for CBSE Class 10 Board Exam preparation.

Q1. Which of the following is the most appropriate definition of a resource?

• (a) Anything found in nature
• (b) Anything created by humans
• (c) Anything that can satisfy human needs and is technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable
• (d) Any object that has a market price

Q2. Which of the following is a biotic resource?

• (a) Coal
• (b) Iron ore
• (c) Forests
• (d) Water

Q3. Resources which can be replenished by physical, chemical or biological processes in a short period are called:

• (a) Non-renewable resources
• (b) Renewable resources
• (c) Reserve resources
• (d) Stock resources

Q4. Which one of the following is correctly matched?

• (a) Individual resource – Village pond
• (b) Community resource – Public park
• (c) National resource – Private house
• (d) International resource – Farmer’s field

Q5. Which of the following is not a problem created by indiscriminate use of resources?

• (a) Depletion of resources for future generations
• (b) Concentration of resources in a few hands
• (c) Global environmental problems like global warming
• (d) Increase in equality among different sections of society

Q6. Sustainable development means:

• (a) Development that meets the needs of the present generation only
• (b) Development that meets present needs without compromising future needs
• (c) Development focused only on economic growth
• (d) Development that ignores environmental concerns

Q7. The statement “There is enough for everybody’s need but not for anybody’s greed” is given by:

• (a) Jawaharlal Nehru
• (b) Mahatma Gandhi
• (c) Indira Gandhi
• (d) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

Q8. Agenda 21, a global action plan for sustainable development, was adopted at:

• (a) Stockholm Conference
• (b) Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, 1992
• (c) Kyoto Protocol meeting
• (d) Paris Climate Conference

Q9. Resource planning in India is important because:

• (a) Resources are evenly distributed
• (b) Some regions are resource-rich but economically backward
• (c) India has unlimited resources
• (d) Resource planning is not related to national development

Q10. Which of the following is the first step in the resource planning process?

• (a) Matching resource development with national development plans
• (b) Developing a planning structure
• (c) Identification and inventory of resources
• (d) Implementation of resource plans by local people

Q11. Which of the following countries is poor in natural resources but economically developed due to efficient resource planning and technology?

• (a) India
• (b) Japan
• (c) Brazil
• (d) Russia

Q12. Resource conservation means:

• (a) Using resources as fast as possible
• (b) Exploiting all resources for present generation
• (c) Using resources carefully to preserve them for future generations
• (d) Stopping the use of all resources

Q13. The Chipko Movement is related to:

• (a) Conservation of soil
• (b) Conservation of forests
• (c) Conservation of water
• (d) Conservation of wildlife

Q14. Which one of the following is a non-conventional source of energy?

• (a) Coal
• (b) Petroleum
• (c) Natural gas
• (d) Solar energy

Q15. Land is considered an important resource because:

• (a) It supports only forests
• (b) It is used only for building houses
• (c) It supports agriculture, forestry, mining, settlements and transport
• (d) It is not related to economic activities

Q16. Which one of the following physical factors does not directly affect land use pattern?

• (a) Topography
• (b) Climate
• (c) Soil type
• (d) Political party in power

Q17. Which of the following states has a large percentage of its area under forest cover due to hilly terrain?

• (a) Punjab
• (b) Haryana
• (c) Arunachal Pradesh
• (d) Rajasthan

Q18. Net sown area refers to:

• (a) Total area sown once plus more than once in a year
• (b) Total area sown once in a year
• (c) Total cultivated land plus fallow land
• (d) Total forest area plus agricultural land

Q19. Land left uncultivated for less than one agricultural year is called:

• (a) Current fallow
• (b) Other than current fallow
• (c) Culturable waste land
• (d) Barren and unculturable land

Q20. Which land use category has been increasing in India due to expansion of towns, roads and industries?

• (a) Net sown area
• (b) Forest area
• (c) Land under non-agricultural uses
• (d) Fallow land

Q21. Land degradation means:

• (a) Increase in the productivity of land
• (b) Improvement in land quality
• (c) Decline in the quality and productivity of land
• (d) Conversion of land into forest

Q22. In which of the following states is land degradation due to over-irrigation a major problem?

• (a) Punjab and Haryana
• (b) Rajasthan and Gujarat
• (c) Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim
• (d) Kerala and Tamil Nadu

Q23. Which one of the following is not a measure to control land degradation?

• (a) Afforestation and proper management of grazing
• (b) Planting shelter belts of trees in arid regions
• (c) Over-irrigation of land to increase production
• (d) Proper treatment of industrial effluents before disposal

Q24. Soil is considered a renewable resource because:

• (a) It forms very quickly in a few years
• (b) It can never be eroded
• (c) It is formed through natural processes over a long time
• (d) It is not affected by human activities

Q25. Which of the following is not a factor of soil formation?

• (a) Parent rock
• (b) Climate
• (c) Relief
• (d) Currency value

Q26. Alluvial soils are mainly found in:

• (a) Deccan plateau
• (b) Himalayan region only
• (c) Northern plains and river valleys
• (d) Desert regions

Q27. The black soils of the Deccan plateau are ideal for growing which major crop?

• (a) Tea
• (b) Coffee
• (c) Cotton
• (d) Rubber

Q28. Red and yellow soils develop on:

• (a) Crystalline igneous rocks
• (b) Alluvial deposits
• (c) Limestone rocks
• (d) Sand dunes

Q29. Removal of top fertile soil by wind or water is called:

• (a) Weathering
• (b) Soil erosion
• (c) Leaching
• (d) Denudation

Q30. Which of the following soil conservation methods is correctly matched with its description?

• (a) Contour ploughing – Ploughing up and down the slope
• (b) Strip cropping – Growing crops in alternate strips
• (c) Terrace farming – Clearing forests on slopes
• (d) Shelter belts – Removing trees around fields