Part 6: Hormones of Heart, Kidney, GI Tract, Placenta – ANF, Erythropoietin, Gastrin, hCG, etc.
Part 6 (25 MCQs) on Hormones of Heart, Kidney, GI Tract, Placenta – ANF, Erythropoietin, Gastrin, hCG, etc. from Chapter 22: Chemical Coordination and Integration (NCERT Class 11 + NEET UG).
Part 6: Hormones of Heart, Kidney, GI Tract, Placenta – ANF, Erythropoietin, Gastrin, hCG, etc.
Q1. The heart secretes which hormone?
a) Cortisol
b) Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)
c) Aldosterone
d) Gastrin
Answer: b) Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)
- ✅ ANF lowers blood pressure by increasing Na⁺ excretion.
Q2. Function of ANF is to:
a) Increase blood pressure
b) Decrease blood pressure
c) Increase blood sugar
d) Increase calcium level
Answer: b) Decrease blood pressure
- ✅ ANF promotes Na⁺ excretion (natriuresis), reduces BP.
Q3. Erythropoietin is secreted by:
a) Heart
b) Kidney
c) Liver
d) Spleen
Answer: b) Kidney
- ✅ Kidney secretes erythropoietin → stimulates RBC production.
Q4. Erythropoietin acts on:
a) Bone marrow
b) Heart
c) Liver
d) Kidney itself
Answer: a) Bone marrow
- ✅ Erythropoietin stimulates erythropoiesis in bone marrow.
Q5. Deficiency of erythropoietin leads to:
a) Leukemia
b) Anemia
c) Diabetes
d) Goiter
Answer: b) Anemia
- ✅ Less erythropoietin → fewer RBCs → anemia.
Q6. Gastrin is secreted by:
a) Pancreas
b) Stomach mucosa (G-cells)
c) Liver
d) Kidney
Answer: b) Stomach mucosa (G-cells)
- ✅ Gastrin stimulates gastric juice secretion.
Q7. Function of gastrin hormone:
a) Stimulates HCl secretion in stomach
b) Stimulates bile secretion
c) Stimulates insulin release
d) Inhibits digestion
Answer: a) Stimulates HCl secretion in stomach
- ✅ Gastrin → gastric glands → HCl & pepsinogen secretion.
Q8. Secretin is secreted by:
a) Stomach
b) Duodenum
c) Pancreas
d) Colon
Answer: b) Duodenum
- ✅ Secretin stimulates bicarbonate secretion from pancreas.
Q9. Function of secretin:
a) Stimulates HCl release
b) Stimulates pancreatic bicarbonate secretion
c) Stimulates bile storage
d) Stimulates gastric motility
Answer: b) Stimulates pancreatic bicarbonate secretion
- ✅ Secretin neutralizes acidic chyme in intestine.
Q10. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is secreted by:
a) Duodenum
b) Stomach
c) Pancreas
d) Liver
Answer: a) Duodenum
- ✅ CCK stimulates gallbladder contraction, bile + pancreatic enzyme release.
Q11. Function of CCK:
a) Stimulates bile release
b) Stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion
c) Induces satiety
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
- ✅ CCK: bile release, pancreatic enzymes, satiety signal.
Q12. GIP (Gastric Inhibitory Peptide) is secreted by:
a) Stomach
b) Duodenum
c) Liver
d) Kidney
Answer: b) Duodenum
- ✅ GIP inhibits gastric motility and secretion.
Q13. Function of GIP:
a) Stimulates gastric motility
b) Inhibits gastric secretion
c) Stimulates RBC production
d) Stimulates cortisol release
Answer: b) Inhibits gastric secretion
- ✅ GIP slows down gastric activity when chyme enters duodenum.
Q14. Placenta secretes:
a) Estrogen and progesterone
b) hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)
c) hPL (human placental lactogen)
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
- ✅ Placenta secretes estrogen, progesterone, hCG, hPL.
Q15. Function of hCG is:
a) Maintains corpus luteum in early pregnancy
b) Stimulates milk secretion
c) Stimulates uterine contraction
d) Stimulates gastric juice
Answer: a) Maintains corpus luteum in early pregnancy
- ✅ hCG → keeps corpus luteum active → progesterone secretion.
Q16. hPL (human placental lactogen) is responsible for:
a) Milk secretion
b) Mammary gland growth & fetal metabolism
c) Ovulation
d) Gastric secretion
Answer: b) Mammary gland growth & fetal metabolism
- ✅ hPL → prepares mammary glands, alters maternal metabolism.
Q17. Relaxin hormone is secreted by:
a) Thyroid
b) Placenta and ovary
c) Pancreas
d) Kidney
Answer: b) Placenta and ovary
- ✅ Relaxin relaxes pelvic ligaments during childbirth.
Q18. Which hormone from GI tract stimulates pancreatic secretion?
a) Gastrin
b) Secretin
c) CCK
d) Both b and c
Answer: d) Both b and c
- ✅ Secretin → bicarbonate; CCK → enzymes.
Q19. The hormone that induces satiety after a meal is:
a) Gastrin
b) CCK
c) Secretin
d) Glucagon
Answer: b) CCK
- ✅ CCK signals fullness to brain.
Q20. Which hormone of kidney regulates blood pressure via RBC production?
a) ANF
b) Erythropoietin
c) Renin
d) Aldosterone
Answer: b) Erythropoietin
- ✅ Erythropoietin → RBCs, indirectly affects oxygen & BP.
Q21. Which hormone is tested for pregnancy diagnosis?
a) hPL
b) hCG
c) Estrogen
d) Progesterone
Answer: b) hCG
- ✅ Presence of hCG in urine → pregnancy test.
Q22. Which placental hormone ensures nutrient supply to fetus?
a) hCG
b) hPL
c) Estrogen
d) Oxytocin
Answer: b) hPL
- ✅ hPL → regulates maternal glucose & protein supply to fetus.
Q23. Which hormone neutralizes acidic chyme in duodenum?
a) Gastrin
b) Secretin
c) CCK
d) GIP
Answer: b) Secretin
- ✅ Secretin stimulates bicarbonate release.
Q24. Which hormone reduces blood pressure by natriuresis?
a) Aldosterone
b) Cortisol
c) ANF
d) ADH
Answer: c) ANF
- ✅ ANF → increases Na⁺ excretion → lowers BP.
Q25. Which hormone prevents premature uterine contractions during pregnancy?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Oxytocin
d) Relaxin
Answer: b) Progesterone
- ✅ Progesterone maintains uterus in relaxed state during pregnancy.
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