Part 7: Disorders of Digestive System (25 MCQs)

Q1. Which of the following disorders is caused by infection of liver, leading to yellowing of skin and eyes?

A. Diarrhea
B. Constipation
C. Jaundice
D. Indigestion

Answer: C

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Diarrhea is frequent watery stools.
B. Incorrect: Constipation is difficulty in defecation.
C. Correct: Jaundice occurs due to hepatitis, causing bilirubin accumulation.
D. Incorrect: Indigestion is improper digestion.

Q2. Diarrhea leads to excessive loss of:

A. Proteins only
B. Vitamins only
C. Water and electrolytes
D. Bile pigments

Answer: C

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Protein loss is not significant in diarrhea.
B. Incorrect: Vitamin loss is secondary.
C. Correct: Diarrhea causes dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.
D. Incorrect: Bile pigments are not lost.

Q3. Constipation occurs due to:

A. Over-secretion of bile
B. Reduced peristalsis in large intestine
C. Excess water secretion into lumen
D. Viral infection of liver

Answer: B

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Bile secretion is unrelated.
B. Correct: Constipation results from slow peristalsis, causing excess water absorption.
C. Incorrect: This describes diarrhea.
D. Incorrect: Liver infection causes jaundice.

Q4. Which of the following is a symptom of indigestion?

A. Pain in chest, bloating, nausea
B. Yellow eyes and skin
C. Bloody stools
D. Difficulty in swallowing

Answer: A

Explanation:

A. Correct: Indigestion symptoms include fullness, pain, nausea.
B. Incorrect: Yellowing = jaundice.
C. Incorrect: Bloody stools suggest ulcer or dysentery.
D. Incorrect: Dysphagia is difficulty in swallowing.

Q5. Which pathogen causes peptic ulcers in humans?

A. Salmonella typhi
B. Escherichia coli
C. Helicobacter pylori
D. Vibrio cholerae

Answer: C

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Salmonella causes typhoid.
B. Incorrect: E. coli may cause food poisoning, not ulcers.
C. Correct: H. pylori damages mucosa → ulcers.
D. Incorrect: V. cholerae causes cholera.

Q6. A person with jaundice has accumulation of:

A. Urea
B. Bile salts
C. Bilirubin
D. Ammonia

Answer: C

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Urea accumulates in kidney failure.
B. Incorrect: Bile salts help fat digestion.
C. Correct: Bilirubin accumulation causes jaundice.
D. Incorrect: Ammonia is detoxified in liver.

Q7. Which disorder is characterized by difficulty in passing stools?

A. Diarrhea
B. Constipation
C. Dysentery
D. Jaundice

Answer: B

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Diarrhea = loose stools.
B. Correct: Constipation = difficulty in defecation.
C. Incorrect: Dysentery = bloody stools.
D. Incorrect: Jaundice = yellowing of body.

Q8. Which disease is caused by infection of large intestine leading to bloody diarrhea?

A. Dysentery
B. Diarrhea
C. Constipation
D. Jaundice

Answer: A

Explanation:

A. Correct: Dysentery is inflammation of large intestine with blood/mucus in stools.
B. Incorrect: Diarrhea is watery stools.
C. Incorrect: Constipation is hard stools.
D. Incorrect: Jaundice is liver disorder.

Q9. Which vitamin deficiency can cause night blindness?

A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin D

Answer: C

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: B1 deficiency = beriberi.
B. Incorrect: Vitamin C deficiency = scurvy.
C. Correct: Vitamin A deficiency = night blindness.
D. Incorrect: Vitamin D deficiency = rickets.

Q10. Rickets is caused by deficiency of:

A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D

Answer: D

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Vitamin A deficiency = vision problems.
B. Incorrect: B12 deficiency = pernicious anemia.
C. Incorrect: Vitamin C deficiency = scurvy.
D. Correct: Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets (soft bones).

Q11. Pellagra is caused by deficiency of:

A. Niacin (Vitamin B3)
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin D

Answer: A

Explanation:

A. Correct: Niacin deficiency → pellagra (3 D’s: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia).
B. Incorrect: B12 deficiency causes anemia.
C. Incorrect: A deficiency causes night blindness.
D. Incorrect: D deficiency causes rickets.

Q12. Which disorder is linked to deficiency of Vitamin K?

A. Delayed blood clotting
B. Bone deformities
C. Night blindness
D. Scurvy

Answer: A

Explanation:

A. Correct: Vitamin K needed for clotting factor synthesis.
B. Incorrect: Bone deformities due to Vitamin D deficiency.
C. Incorrect: Vitamin A deficiency = night blindness.
D. Incorrect: Vitamin C deficiency = scurvy.

Q13. Scurvy is caused by deficiency of:

A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B1
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D

Answer: C

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: A deficiency = night blindness.
B. Incorrect: B1 deficiency = beriberi.
C. Correct: Vitamin C deficiency = scurvy (bleeding gums).
D. Incorrect: D deficiency = rickets.

Q14. Which of the following conditions may result from prolonged diarrhea?

A. Dehydration and acidosis
B. Bone softening
C. Anemia
D. Goiter

Answer: A

Explanation:

A. Correct: Diarrhea → water/electrolyte loss → dehydration, metabolic acidosis.
B. Incorrect: Bone softening = rickets.
C. Incorrect: Anemia = iron deficiency.
D. Incorrect: Goiter = iodine deficiency.

Q15. Which of the following disorders is not related to the digestive system?

A. Dysentery
B. Jaundice
C. Typhoid
D. Asthma

Answer: D

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Dysentery = intestinal infection.
B. Incorrect: Jaundice = liver disorder.
C. Incorrect: Typhoid = bacterial infection affecting intestine.
D. Correct: Asthma is respiratory.

Q16. Typhoid fever is caused by:

A. Vibrio cholerae
B. Helicobacter pylori
C. Salmonella typhi
D. E. coli

Answer: C

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: V. cholerae causes cholera.
B. Incorrect: H. pylori causes ulcers.
C. Correct: S. typhi causes typhoid fever.
D. Incorrect: E. coli causes gastroenteritis.

Q17. Which disorder occurs due to deficiency of Vitamin B12?

A. Rickets
B. Scurvy
C. Pernicious anemia
D. Pellagra

Answer: C

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Rickets = Vitamin D deficiency.
B. Incorrect: Scurvy = Vitamin C deficiency.
C. Correct: B12 deficiency → pernicious anemia.
D. Incorrect: Pellagra = Vitamin B3 deficiency.

Q18. Which condition is caused by infection with Vibrio cholerae?

A. Dysentery
B. Cholera
C. Typhoid
D. Ulcer

Answer: B

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Dysentery caused by Shigella/Entamoeba.
B. Correct: Cholera = acute diarrhea due to Vibrio cholerae.
C. Incorrect: Typhoid = Salmonella typhi.
D. Incorrect: Ulcer = H. pylori.

Q19. Kwashiorkor results from deficiency of:

A. Protein
B. Carbohydrate
C. Fat
D. Vitamin C

Answer: A

Explanation:

A. Correct: Severe protein deficiency → Kwashiorkor.
B. Incorrect: Carbohydrate deficiency is rare.
C. Incorrect: Fat deficiency is not main cause.
D. Incorrect: Vitamin C deficiency = scurvy.

Q20. Marasmus occurs due to:

A. Protein deficiency only
B. Deficiency of both proteins and calories
C. Vitamin deficiency
D. Fat deficiency

Answer: B

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Kwashiorkor = protein deficiency alone.
B. Correct: Marasmus = deficiency of proteins + calories.
C. Incorrect: Vitamin deficiency leads to specific diseases.
D. Incorrect: Fat deficiency alone doesn’t cause marasmus.

Q21. Which disorder is linked to iodine deficiency?

A. Goiter
B. Night blindness
C. Rickets
D. Pellagra

Answer: A

Explanation:

A. Correct: Iodine deficiency → goiter (thyroid enlargement).
B. Incorrect: Night blindness = Vitamin A deficiency.
C. Incorrect: Rickets = Vitamin D deficiency.
D. Incorrect: Pellagra = Vitamin B3 deficiency.

Q22. Which vitamin deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia?

A. Vitamin B9 (Folic acid)
B. Vitamin B1
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin C

Answer: A

Explanation:

A. Correct: Folic acid deficiency → megaloblastic anemia.
B. Incorrect: B1 deficiency = beriberi.
C. Incorrect: Vitamin D deficiency = rickets.
D. Incorrect: Vitamin C deficiency = scurvy.

Q23. Lactose intolerance is due to deficiency of:

A. Amylase
B. Lactase
C. Maltase
D. Sucrase

Answer: B

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Amylase digests starch.
B. Correct: Lactase deficiency → inability to digest lactose.
C. Incorrect: Maltase digests maltose.
D. Incorrect: Sucrase digests sucrose.

Q24. Which disorder is due to deficiency of Vitamin B1?

A. Rickets
B. Beriberi
C. Pellagra
D. Scurvy

Answer: B

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Rickets = Vitamin D deficiency.
B. Correct: Beriberi = Vitamin B1 deficiency.
C. Incorrect: Pellagra = Vitamin B3 deficiency.
D. Incorrect: Scurvy = Vitamin C deficiency.

Q25. Which disorder is characterized by delayed blood clotting due to vitamin deficiency?

A. Pellagra
B. Scurvy
C. Vitamin K deficiency
D. Night blindness

Answer: C

Explanation:

A. Incorrect: Pellagra = Vitamin B3 deficiency.
B. Incorrect: Scurvy = Vitamin C deficiency.
C. Correct: Vitamin K deficiency → impaired synthesis of clotting factors.
D. Incorrect: Night blindness = Vitamin A deficiency.

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Part 7: Disorders of Digestive System (25 MCQs)