Part 1: Introduction & Pathogens (Q1–Q25)
Chapter 7 “Human Health and Diseases” (NCERT Class 12 Biology) is very scoring in both CBSE Board Exams and NEET UG.
200 MCQs divided into 8 parts (25 each) with detailed explanations.
Subtopic Breakdown – Chapter 7: Human Health and Diseases
- Introduction & Pathogens – Health, disease, pathogens, types of parasites.
- Human Diseases – Protozoan & Helminth – Malaria, Amoebiasis, Ascariasis, Filariasis.
- Human Diseases – Bacterial & Viral – Typhoid, Pneumonia, Common cold, Dengue, Chikungunya.
- Human Diseases – Fungal & Skin – Ringworm, fungal pathogens, general prevention.
- Immunity & Immunology – Innate & acquired immunity, antibodies, immune cells.
- Vaccines, Allergy & Autoimmunity – Vaccination, types of vaccines, allergies, organ transplant, immunodeficiency.
- Cancer, HIV & AIDS – Causes, types, symptoms, diagnosis, prevention.
- Adolescence & Drug/Alcohol Abuse – Addiction, effects on health, prevention.
Part 1: Introduction & Pathogens (Q1–Q25)
Q1. Health is defined as a state of:
a) Absence of disease only
b) Physical well-being only
c) Complete physical, mental, and social well-being
d) Strong immunity only
Answer: c
- c) Correct: WHO defines health as complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just absence of disease.
- a, b, d) Too narrow definitions.
Q2. Disease is a condition that:
a) Improves metabolism
b) Disturbs normal physiology
c) Enhances immunity
d) Increases survival only
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Disease = any deviation from normal physiological function.
Q3. Pathogens are:
a) Microbes that cause disease
b) Helpful microbes
c) Only viruses
d) Only bacteria
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Pathogen = any disease-causing agent (bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi, helminths, etc.).
Q4. Parasites are organisms that:
a) Live on host and cause benefit
b) Live on or inside host and harm it
c) Produce food by photosynthesis
d) Are always free-living
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Parasites live on/inside host and derive nutrition causing harm.
Q5. Which of the following is NOT a protozoan disease?
a) Malaria
b) Amoebiasis
c) Ascariasis
d) Kala-azar
Answer: c
- c) Correct: Ascariasis = helminthic infection, others are protozoan.
Q6. Which is a helminth parasite?
a) Plasmodium
b) Ascaris
c) Entamoeba
d) Trypanosoma
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Ascaris (roundworm) = helminth.
Q7. The mosquito transmitting malaria is:
a) Aedes aegypti
b) Anopheles female
c) Culex female
d) Mansonia
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Female Anopheles transmits malaria.
Q8. Dengue is transmitted by:
a) Anopheles mosquito
b) Culex mosquito
c) Aedes aegypti mosquito
d) Black fly
Answer: c
- c) Correct: Dengue spread by Aedes aegypti.
Q9. Filariasis is caused by:
a) Plasmodium
b) Wuchereria bancrofti
c) Ascaris
d) Taenia
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Wuchereria bancrofti (filarial worm).
Q10. Which one is a viral disease?
a) Pneumonia
b) Typhoid
c) Common cold
d) Amoebiasis
Answer: c
- c) Correct: Common cold = viral (rhinoviruses).
Q11. Amoebiasis is transmitted by:
a) Mosquito bite
b) Houseflies contaminating food and water
c) Sexual contact
d) Aerosols
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Entamoeba histolytica cysts spread via contaminated food/water.
Q12. Ringworm is caused by:
a) Virus
b) Protozoa
c) Fungi
d) Bacteria
Answer: c
- c) Correct: Ringworm = fungal infection (Microsporum, Trichophyton, Epidermophyton).
Q13. Which is a bacterial disease?
a) Typhoid
b) Malaria
c) Dengue
d) Ringworm
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Typhoid caused by Salmonella typhi.
Q14. Which helminth causes blockage of intestinal passage?
a) Wuchereria
b) Plasmodium
c) Ascaris
d) Taenia
Answer: c
- c) Correct: Ascaris (roundworm) → intestinal blockage.
Q15. Kala-azar is caused by:
a) Plasmodium
b) Leishmania donovani
c) Trypanosoma
d) Entamoeba
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) caused by Leishmania donovani.
Q16. Which disease is caused by bacteria?
a) Pneumonia
b) Common cold
c) Malaria
d) Filariasis
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae / Haemophilus influenzae.
Q17. Which of the following spreads through contaminated water?
a) Typhoid
b) Ascariasis
c) Amoebiasis
d) All of the above
Answer: d
- d) Correct: All three spread by contaminated food/water.
Q18. Which parasite is transmitted by Culex mosquito?
a) Plasmodium
b) Wuchereria
c) Dengue virus
d) Trypanosoma
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Culex mosquito transmits filarial worms (Wuchereria).
Q19. Pathogen of pneumonia enters body through:
a) Contaminated food
b) Inhalation of droplets/aerosols
c) Sexual contact
d) Blood transfusion
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Pneumonia spreads via inhalation of aerosols/droplets.
Q20. Which one is NOT transmitted by mosquitoes?
a) Malaria
b) Dengue
c) Filariasis
d) Amoebiasis
Answer: d
- d) Correct: Amoebiasis spread by contaminated food/water, not mosquito.
Q21. Which vector transmits chikungunya?
a) Aedes aegypti
b) Anopheles
c) Culex
d) Glossina
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Aedes aegypti → dengue & chikungunya.
Q22. Ascariasis is caused by:
a) Entamoeba
b) Ascaris lumbricoides
c) Trypanosoma
d) Wuchereria
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm).
Q23. Which parasite causes sleeping sickness (not in NCERT but NEET relevant)?
a) Plasmodium
b) Trypanosoma gambiense
c) Wuchereria
d) Ascaris
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Trypanosoma gambiense → African sleeping sickness.
Q24. Which of the following is an ectoparasite?
a) Lice
b) Tapeworm
c) Ascaris
d) Plasmodium
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Lice live on surface → ectoparasite. Others are endoparasites.
Q25. Which disease is not caused by helminths?
a) Filariasis
b) Ascariasis
c) Amoebiasis
d) Taeniasis
Answer: c
- c) Correct: Amoebiasis = protozoan (Entamoeba). Others = helminthic.
Class 12 Biology MCQs, Human Health NCERT notes, NEET UG diseases questions, Immunity and vaccines MCQs, HIV AIDS cancer Biology, Pathogens Class 12 Biology, Adolescence drug abuse MCQs, Human diseases NEET prep, human health and diseases class 12 biology MCQs, NCERT human health and diseases chapter NEET questions, CBSE biology class 12 chapter 7 question bank, immunity and vaccines class 12 MCQs, HIV AIDS cancer class 12 biology NEET questions, adolescence drug alcohol abuse class 12 MCQs, human diseases NEET preparation online learning, pathogens and human diseases class 12 solved questions