Part 2: Microbes in Industrial Production (25 MCQs)
Part 2: Microbes in Industrial Production – Antibiotics, Organic Acids, Enzymes, Beverages (25 MCQs)
Q26. The first antibiotic discovered was:
a) Streptomycin
b) Penicillin
c) Tetracycline
d) Rifampicin
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Penicillin (Alexander Fleming, 1928) was the first antibiotic.
Q27. Industrial production of penicillin is done using:
a) Penicillium chrysogenum
b) Penicillium notatum
c) Aspergillus niger
d) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Commercial penicillin = Penicillium chrysogenum.
Q28. Streptomycin is produced by:
a) Bacillus subtilis
b) Streptomyces griseus
c) Clostridium
d) Aspergillus
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Streptomycin = Streptomyces griseus.
Q29. Which antibiotic is produced by Streptomyces aureofaciens?
a) Penicillin
b) Chloramphenicol
c) Tetracycline
d) Rifampicin
Answer: c
- c) Correct: Tetracyclines are obtained from Streptomyces aureofaciens.
Q30. Which organic acid is produced by Aspergillus niger?
a) Acetic acid
b) Citric acid
c) Lactic acid
d) Gluconic acid
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Aspergillus niger produces citric acid industrially.
Q31. Which microbe produces acetic acid?
a) Lactobacillus
b) Acetobacter aceti
c) Saccharomyces
d) Penicillium
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Acetobacter aceti → vinegar production.
Q32. Lactic acid is industrially produced by:
a) Rhizopus
b) Lactobacillus
c) Acetobacter
d) Penicillium
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Lactobacillus ferments sugar → lactic acid.
Q33. Butyric acid is produced by:
a) Clostridium butylicum
b) Aspergillus niger
c) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
d) Streptomyces
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Clostridium butylicum produces butyric acid.
Q34. Ethanol is produced by fermentation using:
a) Streptococcus
b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
c) Clostridium
d) Pseudomonas
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) → ethanol.
Q35. Antibiotics are defined as:
a) Chemicals that kill insects
b) Microbial products that inhibit growth of microbes
c) Synthetic vitamins
d) Hormones
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Antibiotics = microbial products inhibiting/killing microbes.
Q36. Enzyme used in detergents is:
a) Lipase
b) Protease
c) Amylase
d) All of the above
Answer: d
- d) Correct: Lipase, protease, amylase all used in detergents.
Q37. Which enzyme is produced by Streptococcus and used to dissolve blood clots?
a) Lipase
b) Streptokinase
c) DNA polymerase
d) Protease
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Streptokinase = clot-buster used in treating heart attacks.
Q38. Which enzyme from Thermus aquaticus is used in PCR?
a) DNA ligase
b) Taq DNA polymerase
c) Reverse transcriptase
d) RNA polymerase
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Taq polymerase = heat-stable enzyme for PCR.
Q39. Cyclosporin A, an immunosuppressant drug, is produced by:
a) Trichoderma polysporum
b) Streptomyces griseus
c) Aspergillus niger
d) Rhizopus
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Trichoderma polysporum → Cyclosporin A.
Q40. Statins (cholesterol-lowering drugs) are produced by:
a) Penicillium chrysogenum
b) Monascus purpureus
c) Rhizopus stolonifer
d) Lactobacillus
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Monascus purpureus produces statins.
Q41. Antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis:
a) Streptomycin
b) Rifampicin
c) Penicillin
d) Vancomycin
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Streptomycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis.
Q42. Rifampicin is used against:
a) HIV
b) Tuberculosis
c) Influenza
d) Malaria
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Rifampicin = anti-TB drug.
Q43. Which organic acid is used in cola drinks?
a) Citric acid
b) Phosphoric acid
c) Acetic acid
d) Lactic acid
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Citric acid (from Aspergillus niger) used in beverages.
Q44. Enzyme used in cheese production is:
a) Lipase
b) Rennin (chymosin)
c) Streptokinase
d) Amylase
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Rennin coagulates milk proteins in cheese-making.
Q45. Which fungus is used in production of citric acid?
a) Penicillium notatum
b) Aspergillus niger
c) Trichoderma
d) Candida albicans
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Aspergillus niger → citric acid.
Q46. Antibiotics should be used judiciously because:
a) They are costly
b) Overuse leads to resistance
c) They always cause allergies
d) They can treat viral diseases
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Overuse → antibiotic resistance.
Q47. Production of beer requires:
a) Anaerobic fermentation of grains by yeast
b) Aerobic fermentation of milk
c) Bacterial fermentation of rice
d) None
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Beer = yeast fermentation of malted grains under anaerobic conditions.
Q48. Which microbe produces butanol and acetone?
a) Clostridium acetobutylicum
b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
c) Aspergillus niger
d) Streptomyces
Answer: a
- a) Correct: Clostridium acetobutylicum → acetone, butanol.
Q49. Antibiotics are ineffective against:
a) Bacteria
b) Viruses
c) Fungi
d) Protozoa
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Antibiotics do not kill viruses (e.g., cold, flu).
Q50. Which product is obtained from fungi and used as immunosuppressant in organ transplantation?
a) Streptokinase
b) Cyclosporin A
c) Statins
d) Tetracycline
Answer: b
- b) Correct: Cyclosporin A (from Trichoderma polysporum) prevents graft rejection.
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